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United States Navy Submarine Bases
The United States Navy built permanent and temporary submarine bases around the world to maintain its fleet of submarines and serve the needs of the crews. Submarine bases are military bases that offer good fleet anchorage and are designed to refuel and resupply submarines. The peak number of US submarine bases was during World War II, as the submarine was well suited for fighting in the vast Pacific War, often in enemy waters. Many of the United States submarine bases were closed after the war. History The need for US submarine bases was created with the completion of the first submarine launched in May 1897. The USS ''Holland'' was acquired by the Navy 11 April 1900. On 16 October 1900, the USS ''Holland'' departed for her first port, United States Naval Academy at Annapolis, Maryland for crew training. USS ''Holland'' had a crew of one officer, and five enlisted men. Annapolis being a training center was not designated a submarine base, though the USS ''Holland'' was statio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
San Francisco Bay
San Francisco Bay is a large tidal estuary in the U.S. state of California, and gives its name to the San Francisco Bay Area. It is dominated by the big cities of San Francisco, San Jose, and Oakland. San Francisco Bay drains water from approximately 40 percent of California. Water from the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers, and from the Sierra Nevada mountains, flow into Suisun Bay, which then travels through the Carquinez Strait to meet with the Napa River at the entrance to San Pablo Bay, which connects at its south end to San Francisco Bay. It then connects to the Pacific Ocean via the Golden Gate strait. However, this entire group of interconnected bays is often called the ''San Francisco Bay''. The bay was designated a Ramsar Wetland of International Importance on February 2, 2017. Size The bay covers somewhere between , depending on which sub-bays (such as San Pablo Bay), estuaries, wetlands, and so on are included in the measurement. The main part of the bay meas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USS F-4
USS ''F-4'' (SS-23) was a United States Navy F-class submarine. Her keel was laid down by the Moran Brothers of Seattle, Washington. She was originally named ''Skate'', making her the first ship of the United States Navy named for the skate. She was renamed ''F-4'' on 17 November 1911. She was launched on 6 January 1912 sponsored by Mrs. M.F. Backus; and commissioned on 3 May 1913. Service history Joining the First Submarine Group, Pacific Torpedo Flotilla, ''F-4'' participated in the development operations of that group along the west coast, and from August 1914, in Hawaiian waters out of Naval Submarine Base Pearl Harbor. During submarine maneuvers off Honolulu, Hawaii on 25 March 1915, she sank at a depth of , from the harbor. Despite valorous efforts of naval authorities at Honolulu to locate the missing boat and save her crew, all 21 perished. ''F-4'' was the first commissioned submarine of the U.S. Navy to be lost at sea. A diving and engineering precedent was establ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USS F-3
USS ''F-3'' (SS-22), was a F-class submarine. She was named ''Pickerel'' when her keel was laid down by The Moran Company of Seattle, Washington, making her the first ship of the United States Navy to be named for the pickerel, a type of pike. She was renamed ''F-3'' on 17 November 1911, launched on 6 January 1912 sponsored by Mrs. M. F. Backus, and commissioned on 5 August 1912. Service history ''F-3'' completed her trials in the Puget Sound area before reporting for duty at San Francisco, California on 15 October 1912, when she joined the First Submarine Group, Pacific Torpedo Flotilla. The Flotilla operated along the coast of California, conducting constant exercises and experiments to develop the techniques of submarine warfare, and from August 1914 to November 1915, carried out similar operations in the Hawaiian Islands out of Naval Submarine Base Pearl Harbor. ''F-3'' was placed in ordinary at Mare Island on 15 March 1916, returning to full commission on 13 June 1917. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electric Boat
An electric boat is a powered watercraft driven by electric motors, which are powered by either on-board battery packs, solar panels or generators. While a significant majority of water vessels are powered by diesel engines, with sail power and gasoline engines also popular, boats powered by electricity have been used for over 120 years. Electric boats were very popular from the 1880s until the 1920s, when the internal combustion engine became dominant. Since the energy crises of the 1970s, interest in this quiet and potentially renewable marine energy source has been increasing steadily, especially as more efficient solar cells have become available, for the first time making possible motorboats with a theoretically infinite cruise range like sailboats. The first practical solar boat was probably constructed in 1975 in England. The first electric sailboat to complete a round-the-world tour (including a transit of the Panama Canal) using only green technologies is EcoSail ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States F-class Submarine
The F-class submarines were a group of four submarines designed for the United States Navy by Electric Boat in 1909. ''F-1'' and ''F-2'' were built by Union Iron Works in San Francisco, while ''F-3'' and ''F-4'' were built by The Moran Company in Seattle, Washington. Design They were generally similar to the C-class and D-class submarines built by Electric Boat, but larger at 400 tons submerged vs. 337 tons for the D class. They were single-hulled boats with circular sections laid along the longitudinal axis. Overall length was and the beam was . The E-class and the F-class submarines were the first US submarines to have bow planes. Like the E class, their early-model diesels had problems and were replaced in 1915. The hull contained three compartments: *torpedo room with four 18 inch (450 mm) torpedo tubes, *control room with the ballast control valves, hydroplane controls and periscope *engine room with two diesel engines The two diesel engines were clutched to sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States E-class Submarine
The E-class submarines were a class of two United States Navy submarines, built by the Fore River Shipbuilding Company of Quincy, Massachusetts, under a subcontract from the Electric Boat Company. They were used as coastal and harbor defense submarines prior to World War I. When hostilities broke out, the E class were mostly used as training boats; however, ''E-1'' operated on war patrols based in the Azores. During this time, the need for an improved permanent bridge structure was discovered; the temporary piping-and-canvas bridges were inadequate in the North Atlantic. Design Unusually for the early submarine era, the E class boats displaced no more than the 340 tons of the preceding class. The E class was the first US diesel-powered submarine. The French "Z" (Q 36) was the first in the world, in 1905. Although early diesels were unreliable and the E class engines were replaced in 1915, diesels rapidly supplanted gasoline-fueled engines aboard submarines worldwide, to elimin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States D-class Submarine
The United States D-class submarines were a trio of submarines built for the United States Navy in the first decade of the 20th century. All three ships served during World War I providing training for crews and officers on the US East Coast, before the class was decommissioned and sold for scrap in 1922. Description The D-class submarines were enlarged versions of the preceding United States C-class submarine, C class, the first American submarines armed with four torpedo tubes. They were built by the Fore River Shipbuilding Company of Quincy, Massachusetts, under a subcontract from the Electric Boat Company of Groton, Connecticut. They had a length of length overall, overall, a beam (nautical), beam of and a mean draft (ship), draft of . They displacement (ship), displaced on the surface and submerged. The D-class boats had a crew of 1 officer and 14 enlisted men. They had a diving depth of .Friedman, p. 306 For surface running, they were powered by two New London Ship and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States C-class Submarine
The C-class submarines were five United States Navy submarines built by the Fore River Shipbuilding Company in Quincy, Massachusetts, under a subcontract from the Electric Boat Company. Built between 1906 and 1909, and in commission from 1908 to 1919, all five were subsequently sold for scrap in 1920. They were considerably larger than the preceding B class at 275 tons submerged vs. 173 tons submerged, and were the first United States submarines with two-shaft propulsion, doubling the machinery of the B class. Design These vessels included some features intended to increase underwater speed that were standard on United States submarines of this era, including a small sail and a rotating cap over the torpedo tube muzzles. For extended surface runs, the small sail was augmented with a temporary piping-and-canvas structure. Apparently, the "crash dive" concept had not yet been developed, as this would take considerable time to deploy and dismantle. This configuration remained stan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States B-class Submarine
The B-class submarines were three United States Navy submarines built by the Fore River Shipbuilding Company in Quincy, Massachusetts, under a subcontract from the Electric Boat Company. They were eventually stationed in the Philippines, an American possession, beginning in 1912–15. They were shipped there on colliers (coal-carrying ships). All three were stricken and expended as targets 1919–22. Design These vessels introduced some features intended to increase underwater speed, including a small sail and a rotating cap over the torpedo tube muzzles. The streamlined, rotating torpedo tube muzzle cap eliminated the drag that muzzle holes would otherwise cause. In the stowed position, the submarine appears to have no torpedo tubes, as the holes in the cap are covered by the bow stem. This feature remained standard through the K class, after which it was replaced with shutters that were standard through the 1950s. For extended surface runs, the small sail was augmented wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
A-class Submarine (1903)
The A class was the Royal Navy's first class of British-designed submarines. Thirteen were built by Vickers at Barrow-in-Furness between 1902 and 1905 as an improvement on the US . Design and construction While there was considerable variation amongst the boats of the class, they were around long and displaced around 200 tons when submerged. The first, ''A1'' (ordered as ''Holland No. 6''), was launched in July 1902, the last, ''A13'', in April 1905. Propulsion All were propelled underwater by battery-powered electric motors and on the surface by shaft-drive Wolseley petrol engines of (''A1''), (''A2-A4'') or (''A5''-''A12''). ''A13'' had an experimental Vickers diesel engine, which proved to be unreliable. Armaments Armament was two torpedo tubes with four torpedoes except for ''A1'', which had 1 tube and 3 torpedoes. Service history This submarine class was plagued by numerous accidents and failures; almost every boat in the class (''A1'', ''A3'', ''A4'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holland Torpedo Boat Station
Holland Torpedo Boat Station is where the first United States Navy submarines were stationed for trials and training of submarine crews from 1899 to 1905. Holland Torpedo Boat Station was located in the community of Hamlet in New Suffolk, New York. Hamlet claims to be the first submarine base in the United States. The USS ''Holland'' was based at Hamlet's Holland Torpedo Boat Station from 1899 to 1905. Seven submarines built by the Holland Torpedo Boat Company – Electric Boat Company were stationed at Hamlet. Holland Torpedo Boat Station at Cutchogue Harbor was not designated a submarine base by the US Navy. The US Navy gave that title to Naval Submarine Base New London as the first submarine base. Naval Submarine Base New London was commissioned by the US Navy in 1916 as a dedicated submarine base. History At Holland Torpedo Boat Station the first US Navy submarine, the which was launched in May 1897 was tested. The USS ''Holland'' was acquired by the Navy on 11 April 1900 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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