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United Nations Security Council Resolution 644
United Nations Security Council resolution 644, adopted unanimously on 7 November 1989, after recalling Resolution 637 (1989), the Council endorsed the report by the Secretary-General and decided to establish the United Nations Observer Group in Central America (ONUCA) in accordance with the report. The Council noted the need to monitor monetary expenditure carefully, and established the Observer Group in Central America for an initial period of six months, requesting the Secretary-General to keep the Council updated on developments. ONUCA was able to undertake on-site verification of the cessation of aid to irregular forces and insurrectionist movements and the non-use of territory of one state for attacks on another. The costs for the initial dispatch were US$41 million, and the Council appointed, inline with the Secretary-General's recommendations, General Agustin Quesada Gómez of Spain as the Chief Observer of the ONUCA. The Observer Group itself would be unarmed, and woul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Nations Security Council Resolution 637
United Nations Security Council resolution 637, adopted unanimously on 27 July 1989, after recalling United Nations Security Council Resolution 530, Resolution 530 (1983) and United Nations Security Council Resolution 562, Resolution 562 (1985) and numerous United Nations General Assembly, General Assembly resolutions, the council commended the desire for peace in Central America noting the Joint Declaration made by the Presidents of Central American nations in 1988 and 1989. Resolution 637 went on to express its support for the Esquipulas Peace Agreement and the Joint Declarations, calling upon the Presidents to continue their efforts to achieve a firm and lasting peace in Central America. It also appealed to countries with links and interests to the region to support the efforts, including those which support irregular forces and insurrectional movements in the area immediately halt the aid, with the exception of humanitarian aid. The council also supported the Secretary-Genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Secretary-General Of The United Nations
The secretary-general of the United Nations (UNSG or SG) is the chief administrative officer of the United Nations and head of the United Nations Secretariat, one of the six principal organs of the United Nations. The role of the secretary-general and of the secretariat is laid out by Chapter XV (Articles 97 to 101) of the United Nations Charter. However, the office's qualifications, selection process and tenure are open to interpretation; they have been established by custom. Selection and term of office The secretary-general is appointed by the General Assembly upon the recommendation of the Security Council. As the recommendation must come from the Security Council, any of the five permanent members of the council can veto a nomination. Most secretaries-general are compromise candidates from middle powers and have little prior fame. Unofficial qualifications for the job have been set by precedent in previous selections. The appointee may not be a citizen o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Nations Observer Group In Central America
ONUCA and ONUSAL were two United Nations peacekeeping missions deployed in Central America during the late 1980s and early 1990s. ONUCA The United Nations Security Council formally created ONUCA ("United Nations Observer Group in Central America") when it approved Resolution 644 on 7 November 1989. The 625-person group, located in 33 regional bases, was responsible for halting cross-border infiltration and cutting support for rebels in the Central American region, and consisted of 260 unarmed military observers along with supporting technicians. Hemisphere countries involved in ONUCA included Spain, Sweden, Ireland, India, Venezuela, Canada, Argentina, Brazil, Ecuador and Colombia. ONUCA's initial mandate, composition and operational concept reflected the UN reluctance to get involved in internal conflicts. It was to be a verification and peace-observing mission, not a full-scale peacekeeping interposition mission, and certainly not peace-enforcement, although as events unfolde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Insurrectionist
Insurrectionary anarchism is a revolutionary theory and tendency within the anarchist movement that emphasizes insurrection as a revolutionary practice. It is critical of formal organizations such as labor unions and federations that are based on a political programme and periodic congresses. Instead, insurrectionary anarchists advocate informal organization and small affinity group based organization. Insurrectionary anarchists put value in attack, permanent class conflict and a refusal to negotiate or compromise with class enemies. Origins and evolution 19th century An influential individualist concept of insurrection appears in the book of Max Stirner, ''The Ego and Its Own'' from 1844. There, he manifests: Mikhail Bakunin "was historically important to the development of an anarchism that focused its force in insurrection. Unlike Marx, who built his support in the First International, mostly within the central executive structure, Bakunin worked to build support for c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Contras
The Contras were the various U.S.-backed and funded right-wing rebel groups that were active from 1979 to 1990 in opposition to the Marxist Sandinista Junta of National Reconstruction Government in Nicaragua, which came to power in 1979 following the Nicaraguan Revolution. Among the separate contra groups, the Nicaraguan Democratic Force (FDN) emerged as the largest by far. In 1987, virtually all Contra organizations were united, at least nominally, into the Nicaraguan Resistance. During their war against the Nicaraguan government, the Contras committed numerous human rights violations and used terrorist tactics. These actions were frequently carried out systematically as a part of the strategy of the Contras. Supporters of the Contras tried to downplay these violations, particularly the Reagan administration in the U.S., which engaged in a campaign of white propaganda to alter public opinion in favor of the Contras, while covertly encouraging the Contras to attack civilian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Central America
Central America is commonly said to include Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama. This definition matches modern political borders. Central America begins geographically in Mexico, at the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico's narrowest point, and the former country of Yucatán (1841–1848) was part of Central America. At the other end, before its independence in 1903 Panama was part of South America, as it was a Department of Colombia. At times Belize, a British colony until 1981, where English instead of Spanish is spoken, and where the population is primarily of African origin, has been considered not part of (Spanish-speaking) Central America.Long and narrow, Central America does not have an obvious geographical center. Until the middle of the 20th century there were no roads between the countries, which isolated them from each other, and railroads have never connected them. During colonial times Guatemala was the administrative and religious ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 601 To 700
This is a list of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 601 to 700 adopted between 30 October 1987 and 17 June 1991. See also * Lists of United Nations Security Council resolutions * List of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 501 to 600 * List of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 701 to 800 This is a list of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 701 to 800 adopted between 31 July 1991 and 8 January 1993. See also * Lists of United Nations Security Council resolutions * List of United Nations Security Council Resolutions ... {{United Nations *0601 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1989 United Nations Security Council Resolutions
File:1989 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The Cypress structure collapses as a result of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, killing motorists below; The proposal document for the World Wide Web is submitted; The Exxon Valdez oil tanker runs aground in Prince William Sound, Alaska, causing a large oil spill; The Fall of the Berlin Wall begins the downfall of Communism in Eastern Europe, and heralds German reunification; The United States invades Panama to depose Manuel Noriega; The Singing Revolution led to the independence of the Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania from the Soviet Union; The stands of Hillsborough Stadium in Sheffield, Yorkshire, where the Hillsborough disaster occurred; Students demonstrate in Tiananmen Square, Beijing; many are killed by forces of the Chinese Communist Party., 300x300px, thumb rect 0 0 200 200 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake rect 200 0 400 200 World Wide Web rect 400 0 600 200 Exxon Valdez oil spill rect 0 200 300 400 1989 Tiananm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Politics Of Central America
Central America ( es, América Central or ) is a subregion of the Americas. Its boundaries are defined as bordering the United States to the north, Colombia to the south, the Caribbean Sea to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Central America consists of eight countries: Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama. Within Central America is the Mesoamerican biodiversity hotspot, which extends from northern Guatemala to central Panama. Due to the presence of several active geologic faults and the Central America Volcanic Arc, there is a high amount of seismic activity in the region, such as volcanic eruptions and earthquakes which has resulted in death, injury, and property damage. In the pre-Columbian era, Central America was inhabited by the indigenous peoples of Mesoamerica to the north and west and the Isthmo-Colombian peoples to the south and east. Following the Spanish expedition of Christopher Columbus' voyages to th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
November 1989 Events
November is the eleventh and penultimate month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian Calendars, the fourth and last of four months to have a length of 30 days and the fifth and last of five months to have a length of fewer than 31 days. November was the ninth month of the calendar of Romulus . November retained its name (from the Latin ''novem'' meaning "nine") when January and February were added to the Roman calendar. November is a month of late spring in the Southern Hemisphere and late autumn in the Northern Hemisphere. Therefore, November in the Southern Hemisphere is the seasonal equivalent of May in the Northern Hemisphere and vice versa. In Ancient Rome, Ludi Plebeii was held from November 4–17, Epulum Jovis was held on November 13 and Brumalia celebrations began on November 24. These dates do not correspond to the modern Gregorian calendar. November was referred to as Blōtmōnaþ by the Anglo-Saxons. Brumaire and Frimaire were the months on which November fe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
