Unioninae
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Unioninae
Unioninae is a subfamily of freshwater mussels in the family Unionidae. This superfamily has a wide distribution, being found throughout Eurasia, North America (including Central America) and Africa. Systematics The following classification is based on MolluscaBase and the MUSSEL Project database: * Tribe Anodontini Rafinesque, 1820 ** Genus ''Alasmidonta'' Say, 1818 ** Genus ''Anodonta'' Lamarck, 1799 ** Genus '' Anodontoides'' C. T. Simpson, 1898 ** Genus ''Arcidens'' C. T. Simpson, 1900 ** Genus †'' Cyclanodonta'' Starobogatov, 1970 ** Genus ''Lasmigona'' Rafinesque, 1831 ** Genus '' Lepidodesma'' C. T. Simpson, 1896 ** Genus †'' Modelliella'' Starobogatov, 1970 ** Genus ''Pegias'' C. T. Simpson, 1900 ** Genus ''Pseudanodonta'' Bourguignat, 1877 ** Genus '' Pseudodontoideus'' Frierson, 1927 ** Genus ''Pyganodon'' Crosse & P. Fischer, 1894 ** Genus †'' Sichuanoconcha'' X.-Z. Liu, 1984 ** Genus ''Simpsonaias'' Frierson, 1914 ** Genus '' Simpsonella'' Cockerell, 1903 ...
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Unionidae
The Unionidae are a family of freshwater mussels, the largest in the order Unionida, the bivalve molluscs sometimes known as river mussels, or simply as unionids. The range of distribution for this family is world-wide. It is at its most diverse in North America, with about 297 recognised taxa, but China and Southeast Asia also support very diverse faunas. Freshwater mussels occupy a wide range of habitats, but most often occupy lotic waters, i.e. flowing water such as rivers, streams and creeks. Origin and early diversification The recent phylogenetic study reveals that the Unionidae most likely originated in Southeast and East Asia in the Jurassic, with the earliest expansions into North America and Africa (since the mid-Cretaceous) followed by the colonization of Europe and India (since the Paleocene). Life history Unionidae burrow into the substrate, with their posterior margins exposed. They pump water through the incurrent aperture, obtaining oxygen and food. They remove ...
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Pyganodon
''Pyganodon'' is a genus of freshwater mussels, aquatic bivalve mollusks in the subfamily Unioninae of the family Unionidae, the river mussels.MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Pyganodon Crosse & P. Fischer, 1894. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=571699 on 2022-03-13 Species within the genus ''Pyganodon'' * '' Pyganodon cataracta'' (Say, 1817) * '' Pyganodon fragilis'' (Lamarck, 1819) * '' Pyganodon gibbosa'' (Say, 1824) * ''Pyganodon grandis ''Pyganodon grandis'', the giant floater, is a species of freshwater mussel, an aquatic bivalve mollusk in the family Unionidae, the river mussels. This species is fast-growing, large, and has a short lifespan. This species is native to the Un ...'' (Say, 1829) * '' Pyganodon lacustris'' (I. Lea, 1857) ;Synonyms: * ''Pyganodon implicata'' (Say, 1829): synonym of '' Utterbackiana implicata'' (Say, 1829) * ''Pyganodon lugubris'' (Say, 1829): synonym of ' ...
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Unio Crassus
''Unio crassus'', the thick shelled river mussel, is a species of freshwater mussel, an aquatic bivalve mollusk in the family Unionidae, the river mussels. MolluscaBase eds. (2023). MolluscaBase. Unio crassus Philipsson, 1788. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1044116 on 2023-01-09 ;Subspecies: * † ''Unio crassus jaeckeli'' Modell, 1950 * † ''Unio crassus klemmi'' Modell, 1957 Ecology As part of newly discovered reproductive behaviour, this mollusc crawls up to the edge of the water, exposing its excurrent aperture, and then lets loose a stream of water. The fountain of water often contains glochidia, and it is suggested that this spurting behavior may facilitate dispersal of mussel larvae (video). Decline The thick shelled river mussel declined during the 20th century everywhere in Europe due to deteriorating water quality, habitat fragmentation and host fish limitation. Distribution Its native d ...
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Pegias
''Pegias'' is a monotypic genusUSFWS''Pegias fabula'' Recovery Plan.September 1989. of freshwater mussels in the family Unionidae. This genus contains the single species ''Pegias fabula'', known commonly as the littlewing pearlymussel. Distribution The species is native to the Cumberland and Tennessee River systems in the United States, where it is present in streams in North Carolina, Kentucky, Virginia, and Tennessee.''Pegias fabula''.
The Nature Conservancy.
It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.


Description

This mussel is up to 3.8 centimeters long by 1.3 wide. The outer surface of the shell is light greenish or dark yellowish, but it is often eroded ...
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Utterbackia
''Utterbackia'' is a genus of freshwater mussels, aquatic bivalve mollusks in the family Unionidae The Unionidae are a family of freshwater mussels, the largest in the order Unionida, the bivalve molluscs sometimes known as river mussels, or simply as unionids. The range of distribution for this family is world-wide. It is at its most diverse .... Species Species within the genus ''Utterbackia'' include: * '' Utterbackia imbecillis'' * '' Utterbackia peggyae'' * '' Utterbackia peninsularis'' References * Haag, W. R. (2012). ''North American Freshwater Mussels: Natural History, Ecology, and Conservation''. Cambridge University Press. * Vidrine, M. (1993). ''The historical distributions of fresh-water mussels in Louisiana''. Gail O. Vidrine Collectibles. Bivalve genera {{Unionidae-stub ...
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Strophitus
''Strophitus'' is a genus of freshwater mussels, aquatic bivalve mollusks in the family Unionidae, the river mussels. Species within the genus ''Strophitus'' * ''Strophitus connasaugaensis'' * ''Strophitus subvexus'' * ''Strophitus undulatus ''Strophitus undulatus'' is a species of mussel in the Unionidae, the river mussels. It is native to eastern Canada and the eastern United States. Its common names include creeper, squawfoot, sloughfoot, and strange floater.
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References

Unionidae Bivalve genera Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Unionidae-stub ...
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Ellen Simpson
Ellen Simpson is an American writer. She is known for her work as story editor and social media writer for the web series ''Carmilla''. She also has published several novels with Ylva Publishing. Simpson identifies as a lesbian. Career In 2014, Simpson developed the web series ''Carmilla'' with Jordan Hall for SmokeBomb Entertainment. The series premiered on the Vervegirl (rebranded as 'KindaTV' as of January 2016) YouTube channel on August 19, 2014.U by Kotex is the executive producer of the web series.Tampon Maker Finances Canadian Vampire Web Series
'' The Hollywood Reporter'', October 17, 2014.
The series takes place at the fictional Silas Universi ...
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