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Unabhängiger Beirat Des Stabilitätsrats
The ''Unabhängiger Beirat des Stabilitätsrats'' (Advisory Board to the Stability Council) is an independent body of experts that assists the '' Stabilitätsrat'' (Stability Council) in monitoring compliance with the upper limit on the general government structural deficit set out in the Budgetary Principles Act. The board produces statements and recommendations in this context that lay the foundation for the work of the Stability Council. The chair of the advisory board participates in Stability Council discussions on monitoring the general government structural deficit limit and communicates the board's opinion. The advisory board was set up as part of Germany's national implementation of the European Fiscal Compact. The board convened for the first time on 5 December 2013. Chair and members The advisory board's members include: one representative each from the ''Deutsche Bundesbank'' and the '' Sachverständigenrat zur Begutachtung der gesamtwirtschaftlichen Entwicklung'' (Ger ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Budget Of Germany
The establishment of the annual budget of the Federal Republic of Germany is known as the German budget process. Purpose The primary purpose of the budget is to create an overview of the country's revenues and expenses for the following fiscal year or years. Since the budget is based on past expenditures, it is merely a prediction of the future which can lead to unexpected budget deficits as the fiscal year progresses. In the short term, such deficits are commonly financed by borrowing money which has led to the significant long-term debt of the German federal government. Procedure The Bundestag passes the budget as an addendum to the annual or bi-annual budget act (Art. 110, Basic Law). Revenues and expenses are separated by ministries and other administrative entities. Budget guidelines Specific guidelines established by law govern the creation of the budget. Specifically, these are: # ''Completeness'': the budget must include all instances of revenues and expenditures ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Detlev-Rohwedder-Haus
The Detlev-Rohwedder-Haus (Detlev Rohwedder House) is a building in Berlin that, at the time of its construction, was the largest office building in Europe. It was constructed between February 1935 and August 1936 to house the German Ministry of Aviation ( - RLM), headed by Hermann Göring, a leading Nazi. During the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) it was known as the ("House of Ministries"). In 1992, it was named the ''Detlev Rohwedder Building'', in honour of Detlev Karsten Rohwedder, the former President of the Treuhand, which had its headquarters there 1991–1995, who was assassinated by far-left terrorist group Red Army Faction in 1991. Since 1999, the building has been the seat of the German Finance Ministry. Design and construction The building was designed by Ernst Sagebiel, who rebuilt Tempelhof Airport on a similarly gigantic scale. One writer has described it as "in the typical style of National Socialist intimidation architecture." It ran for more ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berlin
Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constituent states, Berlin is surrounded by the State of Brandenburg and contiguous with Potsdam, Brandenburg's capital. Berlin's urban area, which has a population of around 4.5 million, is the second most populous urban area in Germany after the Ruhr. The Berlin-Brandenburg capital region has around 6.2 million inhabitants and is Germany's third-largest metropolitan region after the Rhine-Ruhr and Rhine-Main regions. Berlin straddles the banks of the Spree, which flows into the Havel (a tributary of the Elbe) in the western borough of Spandau. Among the city's main topographical features are the many lakes in the western and southeastern boroughs formed by the Spree, Havel and Dahme, the largest of which is Lake Müggelsee. Due to its l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated between the Baltic and North seas to the north, and the Alps to the south; it covers an area of , with a population of almost 84 million within its 16 constituent states. Germany borders Denmark to the north, Poland and the Czech Republic to the east, Austria and Switzerland to the south, and France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands to the west. The nation's capital and most populous city is Berlin and its financial centre is Frankfurt; the largest urban area is the Ruhr. Various Germanic tribes have inhabited the northern parts of modern Germany since classical antiquity. A region named Germania was documented before AD 100. In 962, the Kingdom of Germany formed the bulk of the Holy Roman Empire. During the 16th ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eckhard Janeba
Eckhard Janeba (born 1965) is a German economist and professor at the University of Mannheim. He is also a member of the Board of Academic Advisors to the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy. Education Janeba studied economics at the University of Kiel and Bonn. He obtained a Diploma degree in 1990 and received his Ph.D. in 1994, both from the University of Bonn. Career From 1990 until 1994, Janeba was a member of the Collaborative Research Center (CRC) 303 at the University of Bonn. After obtaining his Ph.D., he took up a position as Assistant Professor of Economics at Indiana University at Bloomington in the US, which he held from 1994 to 1999. Afterwards, he worked as Assistant Professor of Economics and International Affairs at the University of Colorado at Boulder, where he received tenure and became an associate professor in 2003. In 2004 he joined the University of Mannheim, where he currently holds the Chair in Public Finance and Economic Policy. Sinc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stabilitätsrat
The ''Stabilitätsrat'' (Stability Council) is a joint body of the German Federation (''Bund'') and the federal states (''Länder''). It was established in 2010 as part of the second stage of Germany's federal reforms and is enshrined in Article 109a of the Basic Law (Grundgesetz), Germany's constitution. The Stability Council strengthens the institutional framework for safeguarding the long-term sustainability of public budgets on the federal and Länder levels. History In 2010, the Stability Council replaced the ''Finanzplanungsrat'' (Financial Planning Council), founded in 1969. Legal Basis The legal basis of the Stability Council is set out in Article 109a of the Basic Law. Its work is also governed by provisions in a number of other laws, including the Stability Council Act, the Consolidation Assistance Act, the Financial Equalisation Act and the Budgetary Principles Act. Organisation The Stability Council is composed of the Federal Minister of Finance, the Länder finan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Fiscal Compact
The Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance in the Economic and Monetary Union; also referred to as TSCG, or more plainly the Fiscal Stability Treaty is an Enhanced cooperation#Related intergovernmental treaties, intergovernmental treaty introduced as a new stricter version of the Stability and Growth Pact, signed on 2 March 2012 by all member states of the European Union (EU), except the Czech Republic and the United Kingdom. The treaty entered into force on 1 January 2013 for the 16 states which completed ratification prior to this date. As of 3 April 2019, it had been ratified and entered into force for all 25 signatories plus Croatia, which Accession of Croatia to the European Union, acceded to the EU in July 2013, and the Czech Republic. The Fiscal Compact is the fiscal chapter of the Treaty (Title III). It binds 22 member states: the 19 member states of the eurozone, plus Bulgaria, Denmark and Romania, who have chosen to opt in. It is accompanie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deutsche Bundesbank
The Deutsche Bundesbank (), literally "German Federal Bank", is the central bank of the Federal Republic of Germany and as such part of the European System of Central Banks (ESCB). Due to its strength and former size, the Bundesbank is the most influential member of the ESCB. Both the Bundesbank and the European Central Bank (ECB) are located in Frankfurt, Germany. It is sometimes referred to as "Buba" for Bundesbank, while its usual abbreviation is BBk in Germany and internationally DBB. The Bundesbank was established in 1957 and succeeded the Bank deutscher Länder, which introduced the Deutsche Mark on 20 June 1948. Until the euro was physically introduced in 2002, the Bundesbank was the central bank of the former Deutsche Mark ("German Mark", sometimes known in English as the "Deutschmark"). The Bundesbank was the first central bank to be given full independence, leading this form of central bank to be referred to as the ''Bundesbank model'', as opposed, for instance, to th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Council Of Economic Experts
The German Council of Economic Experts (German: ') is a group of economists set up in 1963 to evaluate economic policies of the German government. In the media, the council is often referred to as the "Five Sages of Economy" (''Fünf Wirtschaftsweisen''), or simply the "Five Sages" (''Fünf Weisen''). Role Every year the Council prepares an annual report which is published before or by November 15. The federal government has to publish its comments and conclusions within eight weeks of the publication of the annual report. The Council’s secretariat is based at the Federal Statistical Office of Germany in Wiesbaden. Membership Composition The Council has five members which – based on the recommendation of the Federal Minister for Economic Affairs and Energy – are nominated by the federal government and appointed by the President of Germany for a term of five years. Every membership expires on 1 March of the term’s final year. Traditionally, the Joint Committee of German ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EU Independent Fiscal Institutions Network
The EU Independent Fiscal Institutions Network (EU IFIs) is a voluntary and inclusive institution open to all independent fiscal oversight bodies operating in the EU. It provides a platform to exchange views, expertise and pool resources in areas of common concern. It was formally created in September 2015 following the meeting of EU fiscal oversight bodies. The Network supports the efforts to review and reinforce the EU fiscal framework, seeking to better exploit the synergies between rules and institutions, as well as between different levels of administration whilst respecting the principle of subsidiarity and enhancing local ownership and accountability. The network is currently headed by Sander van Veldhuizen, Chair of the CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis. The Secretariat is managed by the Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS). Chairs * José Luis Escrivá (2015–2019) * Seamus Coffey (2019–2020) * Sander van Veldhuizen (2020–2021) * Richar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Agencies Established In 2013
A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a means by which organizational policies are enforced, as well as a mechanism for determining policy. In many countries, the government has a kind of constitution, a statement of its governing principles and philosophy. While all types of organizations have governance, the term ''government'' is often used more specifically to refer to the approximately 200 independent national governments and subsidiary organizations. The major types of political systems in the modern era are democracies, monarchies, and authoritarian and totalitarian regimes. Historically prevalent forms of government include monarchy, aristocracy, timocracy, oligarchy, democracy, theocracy, and tyranny. These forms are not always mutually exclusive, and mixed governm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Audit
A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a means by which organizational policies are enforced, as well as a mechanism for determining policy. In many countries, the government has a kind of constitution, a statement of its governing principles and philosophy. While all types of organizations have governance, the term ''government'' is often used more specifically to refer to the approximately 200 independent national governments and subsidiary organizations. The major types of political systems in the modern era are democracies, monarchies, and authoritarian and totalitarian regimes. Historically prevalent forms of government include monarchy, aristocracy, timocracy, oligarchy, democracy, theocracy, and tyranny. These forms are not always mutually exclusive, and mixed governme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
