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UMW Anthracite General Strike Of 1922
The 1922 UMW Miner strike or The Big Coal Strike was a nationwide general strike action, strike of miners in the US and Canada after the United Mine Workers, United Mine Worker's (UMW) trade union contract expired on March 31, 1922. The strike decision was ordered March 22, to start effective April 1. Around 610,000 mine workers struck. About 100,000 of the striking miners were non-union or not associated with the UMW. Background Negotiations having failed to produce a contract, on March 22, 1922, union president John L. Lewis ordered the strike to commence on April 1, the day after the expiration of the current contract. More than 600,000 miners went on strike leaving 185,000 miners not on strike; 10,000 of which were union members running the pumps so the mines didn't flood. ''The Labor World'' at the time reported the following for many of the states, In June during the strike, the Herrin massacre, Herrin mine massacre occurred in Illinois. A month later, on July 1 the Great ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coal Wars
The Coal Wars were a series of armed labor conflicts in the United States, roughly between 1890 and 1930. Although they occurred mainly in the East, particularly in Appalachia, there was a significant amount of violence in Colorado after the turn of the century. History The Coal Wars were the result of economic exploitation of workers during a period of social transformation in the coalfields. Beginning in 1870–1880, coal operators had established the company town system. Coal operators paid private detectives as well as public law enforcement agents to ensure that union organizers were kept out of the region. In order to accomplish this objective, agents of the coal operators used intimidation, harassment, espionage and even murder. Throughout the early 20th century, coal miners attempted to overthrow this system and engaged in a series of strikes, including the Paint Creek–Cabin Creek strike of 1912, and the Battle of Evarts, which coal operators attempted to stop throug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Railroad Strike Of 1922
The Great Railroad Strike of 1922, commonly known as the Railway Shopmen's Strike, was a nationwide strike of railroad workers in the United States. Launched on July 1, 1922, by seven of the sixteen railroad labor organizations in existence at the time, the strike continued into the month of August before collapsing. A sweeping judicial injunction by Judge James Herbert Wilkerson effectively brought the strike to an end on September 1, 1922. At least ten people, most of them strikers or family members, were killed in connection with the strike. The collective action of some 400,000 workers in the summer of 1922 was the largest railroad work stoppage since the American Railway Union's Pullman Strike of 1894 and the biggest American strike of any kind since the Great Steel Strike of 1919. Background During American participation in World War I, the American railroad system, the primary mode of freight and passenger transportation in the era, was nationalized by an executiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Labor History Of The United States
The labor history of the United States describes the history of organized labor, US labor law, and more general history of working people, in the United States. Beginning in the 1930s, unions became important allies of the Democratic Party. The nature and power of organized labor is the outcome of historical tensions among counter-acting forces involving workplace rights, wages, working hours, political expression, labor laws, and other working conditions. Organized unions and their umbrella labor federations such as the AFL–CIO and citywide federations have competed, evolved, merged, and split against a backdrop of changing values and priorities, and periodic federal government intervention. In most industrial nations, the labor movement sponsored its own political parties, with the US as a conspicuous exception. Both major American parties vied for union votes, with the Democrats usually much more successful. Labor unions became a central element of the New Deal coalitio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1922 In The United States
Events from the year 1922 in the United States. Incumbents Federal Government * President: Warren G. Harding ( R-Ohio) * Vice President: Calvin Coolidge ( R-Massachusetts) * Chief Justice: William Howard Taft (Ohio) * Speaker of the House of Representatives: Frederick H. Gillett ( R-Massachusetts) * Senate Majority Leader: Henry Cabot Lodge ( R-Massachusetts) * Congress: 67th Events January–March * January 24 – Christian K. Nelson patents the Eskimo Pie ice cream bar. * January 28 – Snowfall from the Knickerbocker storm, the biggest-ever recorded snowstorm in Washington, D.C., causes the roof of the Knickerbocker Theatre to collapse, killing 98. * February – '' The Ring'' boxing magazine is first published. * February 1 – Irish American film director William Desmond Taylor is found murdered at his home in Los Angeles; the case is never solved. * February 5 – DeWitt and Lila Wallace publish the first issue of ''Reader's Digest''. * Febr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1922 New England Textile Strike
The New England Textile Strike was a strike led by members of the United Textile Workers of America (UTW) principally in the U.S. states of Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island. Throughout the duration of the strike, an estimated 68,000-85,000 workers refused to work. Alongside the UTW, the IWW and ATW played major organizing roles within it, with the strike lasting for around 200 days at most mills. The UTW & ATW led Rhode Island. The IWW, ATW, & UTW led Massachusetts. Lastly, the UTW completely led New Hampshire. Background The strike has its beginnings fourteen months earlier. In December 1920, textile workers in New England accepted a 22.5% percent cut. However, in January 1922 this was pushed further. New England mill owners demanded an additional 20% reduction in wages, while New Hampshire and Rhode Island owners specifically attempted to restore the 54 hour week at the same time. This set off a wave of prolonged walkouts which would develop into the New England ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federal Coal Commission
The Federal Coal Commission was an agency of the Federal government of the United States of America, enacted by the U.S. Congress in September 1922 and headed by former U.S. Vice President Thomas R. Marshall. History Background On April 1, 1922, the United Mine Workers (UMW) began a nationwide coal strike. By mid-May 1922, the United States faced a "serious coal shortage." Only mines without unions remained open; prices rose, as did hoarding. On June 8, 1922, Warren G. Harding announced that voluntary pricing was relieving the situation. UMW president John L. Lewis complained for miners about cheating by non-union operators; operators and industry (e.g., the National Coal Association, National Retail Coal Merchants Association) complained about prices. On June 21–22 the Herrin massacre occurred in Herrin, Illinois: three union miners were shot and killed on June 21 and twenty strikebreakers and mine guards were killed next day. On July 1, Harding called for labor negotiat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
UMWA Strike Meeting, Bantley Place, Scalp Level, PA 1922
The United Mine Workers of America (UMW or UMWA) is a North American labor union best known for representing coal miners. Today, the Union also represents health care workers, truck drivers, manufacturing workers and public employees in the United States and Canada. Although its main focus has always been on workers and their rights, the UMW of today also advocates for better roads, schools, and universal health care. By 2014, coal mining had largely shifted to open pit mines in Wyoming, and there were only 60,000 active coal miners. The UMW was left with 35,000 members, of whom 20,000 were coal miners, chiefly in underground mines in Kentucky and West Virginia. However it was responsible for pensions and medical benefits for 40,000 retired miners, and for 50,000 spouses and dependents. The UMW was founded in Columbus, Ohio, on January 25, 1890, with the merger of two old labor groups, the Knights of Labor Trade Assembly No. 135 and the National Progressive Miners Union.The Unit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
