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Tungsram
Tungsram was a manufacturing company located in Hungary and known for their light bulbs and electronics. Established in Újpest (today part of Budapest, Hungary) in 1896, it initially produced telephones, wires and switchboards. The name "Tungsram" is a portmanteau of "tungsten" and "wolfram" (the two common names of the metal used for making light bulb filaments). Before becoming nationalized by the Communist government in 1945, the company was the world's third largest manufacturer of light bulbs and radiotubes, after the American General Electric and RCA companies. History On 13 December 1904, Hungarian Sándor Just and Croatian Franjo Hanaman were granted Hungarian patent no. 34541 for the world's first tungsten filament bulb that lasted longer and produced brighter light than a carbon filament. The co-inventors licensed their patent to the company, which came to be named Tungsram after the eponymous tungsten incandescent bulbs, which are still called Tungsram bulbs in ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electrical Filament
An incandescent light bulb, incandescent lamp or incandescent light globe is an electric light with a wire filament heated until it glows. The filament is enclosed in a glass bulb with a vacuum or inert gas to protect the filament from oxidation. Current is supplied to the filament by terminals or wires embedded in the glass. A bulb socket provides mechanical support and electrical connections. Incandescent bulbs are manufactured in a wide range of sizes, light output, and voltage ratings, from 1.5 volts to about 300 volts. They require no external regulating equipment, have low manufacturing costs, and work equally well on either alternating current or direct current. As a result, the incandescent bulb became widely used in household and commercial lighting, for portable lighting such as table lamps, car headlamps, and flashlights, and for decorative and advertising lighting. Incandescent bulbs are much less efficient than other types of electric lighting, converting less ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Incandescent Light Bulb
An incandescent light bulb, incandescent lamp or incandescent light globe is an electric light with a wire filament heated until it glows. The filament is enclosed in a glass bulb with a vacuum or inert gas to protect the filament from oxidation. Current is supplied to the filament by terminals or wires embedded in the glass. A bulb socket provides mechanical support and electrical connections. Incandescent bulbs are manufactured in a wide range of sizes, light output, and voltage ratings, from 1.5 volts to about 300 volts. They require no external regulating equipment, have low manufacturing costs, and work equally well on either alternating current or direct current. As a result, the incandescent bulb became widely used in household and commercial lighting, for portable lighting such as table lamps, car headlamps, and flashlights, and for decorative and advertising lighting. Incandescent bulbs are much less efficient than other types of electric lighting, converti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ernő Winter
Ernő Winter (15 March 1897 – 2 June 1971) "Fizikai Szemle 1999/5 - Zsolt Bor: OPTICS BY HUNGARIANS" (with Ernő Winter József Attila University, Szeged, Hungary, 1999, webpage:KFKI-Hungary-Bor was an engineer who developed barium lamps."GE Lighting 2" (including Ernő Winter), Rövid Történet, GE Lighting Tungsram, 1996, webpageTungsram-History. Working at Tungsram, Ernő Winter, along with others, co-developed tungsten Tungsten, or wolfram, is a chemical element with the symbol W and atomic number 74. Tungsten is a rare metal found naturally on Earth almost exclusively as compounds with other elements. It was identified as a new element in 1781 and first isol ... technology for the production of more reliable and longer-lasting coiled-filament lamps. In 1923 at Tungsram Ltd., a research laboratory was established for improving light sources, mainly electric bulbs. The head of that laboratory was Ignác Pfeifer (1867–1941), whose research staff included Ernő Win ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tivadar Millner
Tivadar Millner (7 March 1899 – 28 October 1988) "Fizikai Szemle 1999/5 - Zsolt Bor: OPTICS BY HUNGARIANS" (with Pál Selényi), József Attila University, Szeged, Hungary, 1999, webpage: KFKI-Hungary-Bor was a Hungarian chemical engineer, educator, and inventor who developed tungsten lamps. "GE Lighting 2" (including Tivadar Millner), Rövid Történet, GE Lighting Tungsram, 1996, webpage: Tungsram-History Working at Tungsram, Tivadar Millner, along with Pál Túry, co-developed large-crystal tungsten technology for the production of more reliable and longer-lasting coiled filament lamps. In 1923 at Tungsram Ltd., a research laboratory was established for improving light sources, mainly electric bulbs. The head of that laboratory was Ignácz Pfeiffer (1867-1941), whose research staff included Tivadar Millner, along with Zoltán Bay (1900-1992), Imre Bródy (1891-1944), György Szigeti (1905-1978), and Ernő Winter Ernő Winter (15 March 1897 � ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pál Selényi
Engineer Pál Selényi (17 November 1884 – 21 March 1954) "Fizikai Szemle 1999/5 - Zsolt Bor: OPTICS BY HUNGARIANS" (with Pál Selényi), József Attila University, Szeged, Hungary, 1999, webpage: KFKI-Hungary-Bor was known as the "father of xerography" at Tungsram corporation."GE Lighting 2" (including Pál Selényi), Rövid Történet, GE Lighting Tungsram, 1996, webpage: Tungsram-History. He is also known as Paul Selenyi. Chester Carlson read one of Selenyi's papers in the 1930s and was very greatly impressed; subsequently, he invested in a big effort to develop xerography. That may be the reason why Selenyi was known as the "father of xerography" by some people. Pál Selényi studied physics and mathematics at the Budapest University. After finishing his studies, Selényi started to work for the newly created Applied Physics Department of the University. From his early works, Selényi was engaged in studying the nature of light. One well-known resu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
György Szigeti
György Szigeti (29 January 1905 – 27 November 1978), "Fizikai Szemle 1999/5 - Zsolt Bor: Optics by Hungarians" (with Zoltan Bay), József Attila University, Szeged, Hungary, 1999, webpage: KFKI-Hungary-Bor also known as Gyorgy Szigeti, was a Hungarian physicist and engineer who developed tungsten lamps. In 1923 at Tungsram Ltd., a research laboratory was established for improving light sources, mainly electric bulbs. The head of that laboratory was Ignácz Pfeiffer (1867-1941), whose research staff included Szigeti, along with Zoltán Bay (1900-1992), Tivadar Millner, Imre Bródy (1891-1944), Ernő Winter (1897-1971), and others. Szigeti worked together with Zoltán Bay on metal-vapor lamps and fluorescent light sources. They received a U.S. patent on "electroluminescent light sources" that were made of silicon carbide; these light sources were the ancestors of light-emitting diode A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor device that emits ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Imre Bródy
Imre Bródy (1891, Gyula, HungaryAntal Papp: Magyarország (Hungary), Panoráma, Budapest, 1982, , p. 860, pp. 453-456–1944, Mühldorf) was a Hungarian physicist who invented in 1930 the krypton-filled fluorescent lamps (also known as the krypton electric bulb), "The Contribution of Hungarians to Universal Culture" (with inventors), Embassy of the Republic of Hungary in Damascus, Syria, 2006, webpage: HungEMB-Culture. with fellow-Hungarian inventors Emil Theisz, Ferenc Kőrösy and Tivadar Millner. He developed the technology of the production of krypton bulbs together with Michael Polanyi ( hu, Polányi Mihály). He was the nephew of writer Sándor Bródy. Career Educated in Budapest, he wrote his doctoral thesis on the chemical constant of monatomic gases. After teaching in a high school, he became an assistant professor in applied physics at the University of Sciences and accomplished valuable theoretical work investigating specific heat and molecular h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Egon Orowan
Egon Orowan FRS ( hu, Orován Egon) (August 2, 1902 – August 3, 1989) was a Hungarian- British physicist and metallurgist. According to György Marx, he was one of The Martians. Life Orowan was born in the Óbuda district of Budapest. His father, Berthold (d. 1933), was a mechanical engineer and factory manager, and his mother, Josze (Josephine) Spitzer Ságvári, was the daughter of an impoverished land owner. In 1920 he went to the University of Vienna, where he studied chemistry for one year and astronomy for another. After six months of mandatory apprenticeship done home in Hungary, he was admitted to the Technical University of Berlin, where he studied mechanical and then electrical engineering. Eventually he started his own experiments in physics, where he was adopted as a student by Professor Richard Becker in 1928. In 1932 he completed his doctorate on the fracture of mica. Soon after Hitler's rise to power in 1933, Orowan, who was of partially Jewish descent, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zoltán Bay
Zoltán () is a Hungarian masculine given name. The name days for this name are 8 March and 23 June in Hungary, and 7 April in Slovakia. Zoltána is the feminine version. Notable people * Zoltán of Hungary * Zoltan Bathory, guitarist of heavy metal band Five Finger Death Punch * Zoltán Lajos Bay * Zoltán Berczik, six times European Champion in table-tennis. * Zoltán Czibor * Zoltán Czukor * Zoltán Dani * Zoltán Gera (actor) * Zoltán Gera (footballer) – Fulham F.C. * Zoltán Halmay * Zoltán Horváth (other) – several people * Zoltan Istvan – American writer and futurist * Zoltan Kaszas – American comedian * Zoltán Kammerer * Zoltán Kocsis, pianist, conductor, and composer * Zoltán Kodály, composer, creator of the Kodály-method. * Zoltán Korda * Zoltán Kovács (ice hockey), ice hockey coach and administrator, recipient of the Paul Loicq Award * Zoltán Lajos Bay, physicist. * Zoltán Latinovits, Hungarian actor, director. * Zoltán Magyar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Budapest
Budapest (, ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Hungary. It is the ninth-largest city in the European Union by population within city limits and the second-largest city on the Danube river; the city has an estimated population of 1,752,286 over a land area of about . Budapest, which is both a city and county, forms the centre of the Budapest metropolitan area, which has an area of and a population of 3,303,786; it is a primate city, constituting 33% of the population of Hungary. The history of Budapest began when an early Celtic settlement transformed into the Roman town of Aquincum, the capital of Lower Pannonia. The Hungarians arrived in the territory in the late 9th century, but the area was pillaged by the Mongols in 1241–42. Re-established Buda became one of the centres of Renaissance humanist culture by the 15th century. The Battle of Mohács, in 1526, was followed by nearly 150 years of Ottoman rule. After the reconquest of Buda in 1686, the r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Budapest Business Journal
The ''Budapest Business Journal'' or ''BBJ'' is a biweekly business magazine published in Hungary. It is the largest, oldest and a leading publication in its category in the country. History and profile The ''BBJ'' was launched in November 1992 as a weekly. The magazine, based in Budapest, was converted into biweekly later. It was founded by a US-owned company headed by Stephen A. O'Connor, an American media entrepreneur. Mike Stone was also its founder. The publisher is Absolut Media Kft. It was originally published by New World Publishing which also published the ''Warsaw Business Journal'' in Poland and the '' Prague Business Journal'' in Czechoslovakia (and later the Czech Republic) until January 2004. As its title implies, the ''BBJ'' exclusively focuses on business news and related analysis, targeting business professionals. In addition, it provides detailed industry and company information. The magazine publishes rankings of Hungarian companies each year in a separ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michael Polanyi
Michael Polanyi (; hu, Polányi Mihály; 11 March 1891 – 22 February 1976) was a Hungarian-British polymath, who made important theoretical contributions to physical chemistry, economics, and philosophy. He argued that positivism supplies an imperfect account of knowing as no observer is perfectly impartial. His wide-ranging research in physical science included chemical kinetics, x-ray diffraction, and adsorption of gases. He pioneered the theory of fibre diffraction analysis in 1921, and the dislocation theory of plastic deformation of ductile metals and other materials in 1934. He immigrated to Germany, in 1926 becoming a chemistry professor at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute in Berlin, and then in 1933 to England, becoming first a chemistry professor, and then a social sciences professor at the University of Manchester. Two of his pupils, and his son John Charles Polanyi won Nobel Prizes in Chemistry. In 1944 Polanyi was elected to the Royal Society. The contribution ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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