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Traian Vuia
Traian Vuia or Trajan Vuia (; August 17, 1872 – September 3, 1950) was a Romanian inventor and aviation pioneer who designed, built and tested the first tractor monoplane. He was the first to demonstrate that a flying machine could rise into the air by running on wheels on an ordinary road. He is credited with a powered hop of made on March 18, 1906, and he later claimed a powered hop of . Though unsuccessful in sustained flight, Vuia's invention influenced Louis Blériot in designing monoplanes. Later, Vuia also designed helicopters. A French citizen from 1918, Vuia led the Romanians (especially Transylvanians) of France in the Resistance during World War II. He returned to Romania just before his death in 1950. Education and early career Vuia was born from Romanian parents – Simion Popescu, a priest, and his second wife, Ana Vuia – living in Surducul-Mic and/or Bujor, where he attended the local primary school, and Făget, a village in the Banat region, Austro-Hungaria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Traian Vuia, Timiș
Traian Vuia (until 1950 Bujor; hu, Bozsor) is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of six villages: Jupani, Săceni, Sudriaș (commune seat), Surducu Mic, Susani and Traian Vuia. It was the birthplace of inventor and aviator Traian Vuia (1872–1950). It was renamed to commemorate him after his death. Name History The first recorded mention of Bujor dates from 1364. The locality had a high importance in the Middle Ages, being the center of a Vlach district. In 1453 this district had a knyaz, Dionysius, and was donated by King Ladislaus V to John Hunyadi. In 1596 the Bujor District was part of Hunyad County. Within its borders there was at that time the village of Baia, and a little further the village of Chitești, both disappeared. In the past, the hearth of the village was in the Gladna Valley, on the place called "Little Village" ( ro, Satul mic). Due to the frequent floods, in 1823 the village was moved to its present place, protected from floods. D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banat
Banat (, ; hu, Bánság; sr, Банат, Banat) is a geographical and historical region that straddles Central and Eastern Europe and which is currently divided among three countries: the eastern part lies in western Romania (the counties of Timiș, Caraș-Severin, Arad south of the Mureș river, and the western part of Mehedinți); the western part of Banat is in northeastern Serbia (mostly included in Vojvodina, except for a small part included in the Belgrade Region); and a small northern part lies within southeastern Hungary ( Csongrád-Csanád County). The region's historical ethnic diversity was severely affected by the events of World War II. Today, Banat is mostly populated by ethnic Romanians, Serbs and Hungarians, but small populations of other ethnic groups also live in the region. Nearly all are citizens of either Serbia, Romania or Hungary. Name During the Middle Ages, the term " banate" designated a frontier province led by a military governor w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
L'Aérophile
''L’Aérophile'' ("The Aerophile") was a French aviation magazine published from 1893 to 1947. It has been described as "the leading aeronautical journal of the world" around 1910. History and contents ''L’Aérophile'' was founded and run for many years by Georges Besançon. In 1898 it became the official journal of the Aéro Club of France. Important developments in early aviation were documented in its pages: * Octave Chanute's April 1903 speech to the Aéro-Club describing the excitement of the gliding experiments done by his group in 1896/7 and of the Wright brothers was printed in April, 1903. Also Ferdinand Ferber's 1902 glider, the first in Europe modeled on those of the Wright brothers, was illustrated in the February 1903 issue. * The journal published illustrations of ailerons on Robert Esnault-Pelterie’s glider in June 1905, and the ailerons were widely copied afterward. * In December 1905 and January 1906 journal articles confirmed that the Wright ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Angle Of Attack
In fluid dynamics, angle of attack (AOA, α, or \alpha) is the angle between a reference line on a body (often the chord line of an airfoil) and the vector representing the relative motion between the body and the fluid through which it is moving. Angle of attack is the angle between the body's reference line and the oncoming flow. This article focuses on the most common application, the angle of attack of a wing or airfoil moving through air. In aerodynamics, angle of attack specifies the angle between the chord line of the wing of a fixed-wing aircraft and the vector representing the relative motion between the aircraft and the atmosphere. Since a wing can have twist, a chord line of the whole wing may not be definable, so an alternate reference line is simply defined. Often, the chord line of the root of the wing is chosen as the reference line. Another choice is to use a horizontal line on the fuselage as the reference line (and also as the longitudinal axis). Some a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingpost
A king post (or king-post or kingpost) is a central vertical post used in architectural or bridge designs, working in tension to support a beam below from a truss apex above (whereas a crown post, though visually similar, supports items above from the beam below). In aircraft design a strut called a king post acts in compression, similarly to an architectural crown post. Usage in mechanical plant and marine engineering differs again, as noted below. Architecture A king post extends vertically from a crossbeam (the tie beam) to the apex of a triangular truss. The king post, itself in tension, connects the apex of the truss with its base, holding up the tie beam (also in tension) at the base of the truss. The post can be replaced with an iron rod called a king rod (or king bolt) and thus a king rod truss. The king post truss is also called a "Latin truss". In traditional timber framing, a crown post looks similar to a king post, but it is very different structurally: wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otto Lilienthal
Karl Wilhelm Otto Lilienthal (23 May 1848 – 10 August 1896) was a German pioneer of aviation who became known as the "flying man". He was the first person to make well-documented, repeated, successful flights with gliders, therefore making the idea of " heavier than air" a reality. Newspapers and magazines published photographs of Lilienthal gliding, favourably influencing public and scientific opinion about the possibility of flying machines becoming practical. Lilienthal's work led to him developing the concept of the modern wing. His flight attempts in 1891 are seen as the beginning of human flight and the "Lilienthal Normalsegelapparat" is considered to be the first airplane in series production, making the ''Maschinenfabrik Otto Lilienthal'' the first air plane production company in the world. Otto Lilienthal is often referred to as either the "father of aviation" or "father of flight". On 9 August 1896, his glider stalled and he was unable to regain control. Falling ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vuia I
The Vuia 1, also nicknamed ''Liliacul'' (the bat), was a pioneer aircraft designed and built by Romanian inventor Traian Vuia. It was finished in December 1905 in France and first flew on 18 March 1906 at Montesson. Background After finishing his studies, Traian Vuia continued to study the problem of flying, and began building his first aircraft, which he called the ''Aeroplan Automobil''. Being short of funds, Vuia left for Paris in June 1902, hoping he could find someone interested in funding his project. Once there, Vuia met Georges Besançon, the founder of the aeronautical journal ''L'Aérophile''. With his help, Vuia managed to go through the vast documentation and fundamental works regarding aeronautics. Using the knowledge from other aviation pioneers such as George Cayley, Clément Ader, Samuel Langley and Otto Lilienthal, he presented a document to the Académie des Sciences on 16 February 1903. However, his project was rejected with the response that "The problem of fl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Traian Vuia Aircraft
Trajan ( ; la, Caesar Nerva Traianus; 18 September 539/11 August 117) was Roman emperor from 98 to 117. Officially declared ''optimus princeps'' ("best ruler") by the senate, Trajan is remembered as a successful soldier-emperor who presided over one of the greatest military expansions in Roman history and led the empire to attain its greatest territorial extent by the time of his death. He is also known for his philanthropic rule, overseeing extensive public building programs and implementing social welfare policies, which earned him his enduring reputation as the second of the Five Good Emperors who presided over an era of peace within the Empire and prosperity in the Mediterranean world. Trajan was born in Italica, close to modern Seville in present-day Spain, a small Roman ''municipium'' founded by Italic settlers in the province of Hispania Baetica. He came from a branch of the gens Ulpia, the ''Ulpi Traiani'', that originated in the Umbrian town of Tuder. His fat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1903 In Aviation
This is a list of aviation-related events from 1903: Events January–December *1 January – Konstantin Tsiolkovski deduces the Basic Rocket Equation in his article ''Explorations of outer space with the help of reaction apparatuses''. *12 February - The worlds first successful heavier-than-air aircraft engine, which will power the Wright brothers first airplane in December 1903, runs for the first time in Dayton, Ohio. *16 February – Traian Vuia presents to the Académie des Sciences of Paris the possibility of flying with a heavier-than-air mechanical machine and his procedure for taking off, but is rejected for being a utopia, adding the comments: ''The problem of flight with a machine which weighs more than air can not be solved and it is only a dream.'' *23 March – The Wright brothers file an application for a patent for an airplane based on the design of their Glider No. 3. *31 March – Richard Pearse is reputed to have made a powered flight in a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Academy Of Sciences
The French Academy of Sciences (French: ''Académie des sciences'') is a learned society, founded in 1666 by Louis XIV at the suggestion of Jean-Baptiste Colbert, to encourage and protect the spirit of French scientific research. It was at the forefront of scientific developments in Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries, and is one of the earliest Academies of Sciences. Currently headed by Patrick Flandrin (President of the Academy), it is one of the five Academies of the Institut de France. History The Academy of Sciences traces its origin to Colbert's plan to create a general academy. He chose a small group of scholars who met on 22 December 1666 in the King's library, near the present-day Bibliothèque Nationals, and thereafter held twice-weekly working meetings there in the two rooms assigned to the group. The first 30 years of the Academy's existence were relatively informal, since no statutes had as yet been laid down for the institution. In contrast to its Brit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Victor Tatin
Victor Tatin (1843–1913) was a French engineer who created an early airplane, the ''Aéroplane'', in 1879. The craft was the first model airplane to take off using its own power after a run on the ground. The model had a span of and weighed . It had twin propellers and was powered by a compressed-air engine.Exhibit Musée de l'Air et de l'Espace It was flown tethered to a central pole on a circular track at the military facilities of Chalais-Meudon. Running under its own power it took off at a speed of 8 metres per second. Between 1890 and 1897 Tatin and Charles Richet experimented with a steam-powered model with a wingspan of and weighing with fore and aft propellers. They succeeded in flying this for a distance of at a speed of 18 metres per second. In 1902-3 he collaborated with Maurice Mallet on the construction of the dirigible ''Ville de Paris'' for Henri Deutsch de la Meurthe and in 1905 he designed the propeller used by Traian Vuia for his experimental aircraf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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