Tonal System
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Tonal System
The tonal system is a base 16 system of notation (predating the widespread use of hexadecimal in computing), arithmetic, and metrology proposed in 1859 by John W. Nystrom.Nystrom, John W.''Project of a New System of Arithmetic, Weight, Measure and Coins, Proposed to be Called the Tonal System, with Sixteen to the Base''/ref> In addition to new weights and measures, his proposal included a new calendar with sixteen months, a new system of coinage, and a clock with sixteen major divisions of the day (called tims). Nystrom advocated his system thus: Names for the numbers He proposed names for the digits, calling zero "noll" and counting (from one to sixteen): "An,  de,  ti,  go,  su,  by,  ra,  me,  ni,  ko,  hu,  vy,  la,  po,  fy,  ton." (Therefore, ''ton''al system.) Because hexadecimal requires sixteen digits, Nystrom supplemented the existing decimal digits 0 through 9 with his own invented characters ...
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Hexadecimal Clock By Nystrom
In mathematics and computing, the hexadecimal (also base-16 or simply hex) numeral system is a positional numeral system that represents numbers using a radix (base) of 16. Unlike the decimal system representing numbers using 10 symbols, hexadecimal uses 16 distinct symbols, most often the symbols "0"–"9" to represent values 0 to 9, and "A"–"F" (or alternatively "a"–"f") to represent values from 10 to 15. Software developers and system designers widely use hexadecimal numbers because they provide a human-friendly representation of binary-coded values. Each hexadecimal digit represents four bits (binary digits), also known as a nibble (or nybble). For example, an 8-bit byte can have values ranging from 00000000 to 11111111 in binary form, which can be conveniently represented as 00 to FF in hexadecimal. In mathematics, a subscript is typically used to specify the base. For example, the decimal value would be expressed in hexadecimal as . In programming, a number o ...
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North Pole
The North Pole, also known as the Geographic North Pole or Terrestrial North Pole, is the point in the Northern Hemisphere where the Earth's axis of rotation meets its surface. It is called the True North Pole to distinguish from the Magnetic North Pole. The North Pole is by definition the northernmost point on the Earth, lying antipodally to the South Pole. It defines geodetic latitude 90° North, as well as the direction of true north. At the North Pole all directions point south; all lines of longitude converge there, so its longitude can be defined as any degree value. No time zone has been assigned to the North Pole, so any time can be used as the local time. Along tight latitude circles, counterclockwise is east and clockwise is west. The North Pole is at the center of the Northern Hemisphere. The nearest land is usually said to be Kaffeklubben Island, off the northern coast of Greenland about away, though some perhaps semi-permanent gravel banks lie slightly clos ...
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Nystrom Tonal System
Nystrom is a surname of Danish, Norwegian and Swedish origin. Alternative spelling include Nyström, Nystrøm, and Nystroem. Notable people with these surnames include: Nystrom * Anna Nystrom (1849–1913), Swedish missionary in the Caucasus, Persia, and Xinjiang, China *Bob Nystrom (born 1952), Swedish-Canadian retired professional ice hockey right-winger *Dave Nystrom, Canadian comedian and writer *Eric Nystrom (born 1983), American ice hockey player *John W. Nystrom, Swedish-American engineer who proposed a hexadecimal system * Karl F. Nystrom, American railroad engineer at the Milwaukee Road *Lorne Nystrom, Canadian politician * Mae Taylor Nystrom, American suffragist *Paul Nystrom, American professor of marketing at Columbia University *Stefan Nystrom, Australian criminal (supposed) Nyström *Anders Nyström, Swedish rock musician *Ann-Christine Nyström, Finnish singer * Bob Nyström, Swedish-born Canadian ice hockey player * David Nyström, Swedish ice hockey player *E ...
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45th Parallel South
The 45th parallel south is a circle of latitude that is 45 ° south of the Earth's equator. It is the line that marks the theoretical halfway point between the equator and the South Pole. The true halfway point is south of this parallel because Earth is not a perfect sphere, but bulges at the equator and is flattened at the poles. Unlike its northern counterpart, almost all (97%) of it passes through open ocean. It crosses the South Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, Australasia (New Zealand and just south of Tasmania), the Southern Ocean, and Patagonia. At this latitude, daytime lasts for 15 hours, 37 minutes during the December solstice and 8 hours, 46 minutes during the June solstice. Around the world Starting at the Prime Meridian and heading eastwards, the parallel 45° south passes through: : See also *44th parallel south *46th parallel south * 45×90 points References {{Reflist s45 S45 may refer to: Aviation * Blériot-SPAD S.45, a French biplane airlin ...
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Parallel 45° North
The 45th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 45 degrees north of Earth's equator. It crosses Europe, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America, and the Atlantic Ocean. The 45th parallel north is often called the halfway point between the equator and the North Pole, but the true halfway point is north of it (approximately between 45°08'36" and 45°08'37") because Earth is an oblate spheroid; that is, it bulges at the equator and is flattened at the poles. At this latitude, the sun is visible for 15 hours 37 minutes during the summer solstice, and 8 hours 46 minutes during the winter solstice. The midday Sun stands 21.6° above the southern horizon at the December solstice, 68.4° at the June solstice, and exactly 45.0° at either equinox. Around the world Starting at the Prime Meridian and heading eastwards, the parallel 45° north passes through: : Europe In Europe the 45th parallel hits the Bay of Biscay coast of France in the west. It crosses the river Rhône a ...
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