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Timaeus The Sophist
Timaeus the Sophist ( grc-gre, Τίμαιος ὁ Σοφιστής) was a Greek philosopher who lived sometime between the 1st and 4th centuries. Nothing is known about his life. He is the supposed author of a ''Lexicon'' of Platonic words which is still extant. The ''Lexicon'' made use of earlier commentaries on Plato which are now lost. It underwent significant additions and subtractions of text during later periods leading to the inclusion of many words which have nothing to do with Plato or his philosophy. The purpose of the ''Lexicon'' was to explain the usage of words and phrases which occur in Plato's works. The first detailed study of the manuscript and edition of the Lexicon was produced in the late 18th century by David Ruhnken (1754; 2nd ed. 1789) who also provided a detailed commentary. There was a revised version of Ruhnken's second edition by Georg Aenotheus Koch in 1828. References *Eleanor Dickey Eleanor Dickey, FBA (born 9 April 1967) is an American classicist, li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greek Philosophy
Ancient Greek philosophy arose in the 6th century BC, marking the end of the Greek Dark Ages. Greek philosophy continued throughout the Hellenistic period and the period in which Greece and most Greek-inhabited lands were part of the Roman Empire. Philosophy was used to make sense of the world using reason. It dealt with a wide variety of subjects, including astronomy, epistemology, mathematics, political philosophy, ethics, metaphysics, ontology, logic, biology, rhetoric and aesthetics. Greek philosophy has influenced much of Western culture since its inception. Alfred North Whitehead once noted: "The safest general characterization of the European philosophical tradition is that it consists of a series of footnotes to Plato". Clear, unbroken lines of influence lead from ancient Greek and Hellenistic philosophers to Roman philosophy, Early Islamic philosophy, Medieval Scholasticism, the European Renaissance and the Age of Enlightenment. Greek philosophy was influenced t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Platonism
Platonism is the philosophy of Plato and philosophical systems closely derived from it, though contemporary platonists do not necessarily accept all of the doctrines of Plato. Platonism had a profound effect on Western thought. Platonism at least affirms the existence of abstract objects, which are asserted to exist in a third realm distinct from both the sensible external world and from the internal world of consciousness, and is the opposite of nominalism." Philosophers who affirm the existence of abstract objects are sometimes called platonists; those who deny their existence are sometimes called nominalists. The terms "platonism" and "nominalism" have established senses in the history of philosophy, where they denote positions that have little to do with the modern notion of an abstract object. In this connection, it is essential to bear in mind that modern platonists (with a small 'p') need not accept any of the doctrines of Plato, just as modern nominalists need not accept ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Commentaries On Plato
Commentaries on Plato refers to the great mass of literature produced, especially in the ancient and medieval world, to explain and clarify the works of Plato. Many Platonist philosophers in the centuries following Plato sought to clarify and summarise his thoughts, but it was during the Roman era, that the Neoplatonists, in particular, wrote many commentaries on individual dialogues of Plato, many of which survive to the present day. Greek commentators Many of the scholars in the Platonic Academy sought to clarify and explain Plato's ideas. Already in the 3rd century BC, we hear of a commentary to Plato's ''Timaeus (dialogue), Timaeus'' being written by Crantor, Crantor of Soli; and in the 1st century AD a commentary on Plato's ''The Republic (Plato), Republic'' was written by Onasander. By the 2nd century the Middle Platonism, Middle Platonists were producing paraphrases and summaries of Plato's thought. Thus we have Albinus (philosopher), Albinus, who wrote an introduction to Pla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plato
Plato ( ; grc-gre, Πλάτων ; 428/427 or 424/423 – 348/347 BC) was a Greek philosopher born in Athens during the Classical period in Ancient Greece. He founded the Platonist school of thought and the Academy, the first institution of higher learning on the European continent. Along with his teacher, Socrates, and his student, Aristotle, Plato is a central figure in the history of Ancient Greek philosophy and the Western and Middle Eastern philosophies descended from it. He has also shaped religion and spirituality. The so-called neoplatonism of his interpreter Plotinus greatly influenced both Christianity (through Church Fathers such as Augustine) and Islamic philosophy (through e.g. Al-Farabi). In modern times, Friedrich Nietzsche diagnosed Western culture as growing in the shadow of Plato (famously calling Christianity "Platonism for the masses"), while Alfred North Whitehead famously said: "the safest general characterization of the European philosophical tra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David Ruhnken
David Ruhnken (2 January 172314 May 1798) was a Dutch classical scholar of German origin. Origins Ruhnken was born in Bedlin (today Bydlino) near Stolp, Pomerania Province, (today Słupsk, Poland). After he had attended Latin school at Königsberg (1737–1741), his parents wanted him to enter the church, but after two years at the University of Wittenberg he determined to live the life of a scholar. At Wittenberg, Ruhnken studied with two distinguished professors, Johann Daniel Ritter and Johann Wilhelm von Berger. To them he owed a thorough grounding in ancient history and Roman antiquities and literature; and from them he learned a pure and vivid Latin style. At Wittenberg, Ruhnken also studied mathematics and Roman law. The only thing that made him want to leave Wittenberg was a desire to explore Greek literature. Neither at Wittenberg nor at any other German university was Greek being seriously studied at the time. It was taught to students in divinity for the sake of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georg Aenotheus Koch
Georg Aenotheus Koch (15 November 1802, Drebach – 9 July 1879, Leipzig) was a German classical philologist and lexicographer. He studied theology and classical philology at the University of Leipzig as a student of Gottfried Hermann and Christian Daniel Beck. In 1825 he received his doctorate, and beginning in 1831 he taught classes at the Thomasschule zu Leipzig. In 1862 he was appointed school conrector.Koch, Georg Aenotheus in: 16 (1882), S. 378–379. In addition to writing numerous editions of classical works, he did extensive work in regards to the lexicography of individual authors, namely: |
Eleanor Dickey
Eleanor Dickey, FBA (born 9 April 1967) is an American classicist, linguist, and academic, who specialises in the history of the Latin and Greek languages. Since 2013, she has been Professor of Classics at the University of Reading in England. Early life and education Dickey was born on 9 April 1967 in New Haven, Connecticut, United States. She was educated at Bryn Mawr College, graduating with both Bachelor of Arts (AB) and Master of Arts (MA) degrees in 1989. She then moved to England, and studied classics at Balliol College, Oxford, graduating with a Master of Philosophy (MPhil) degree in 1991. Dickey was awarded a Marshall Scholarship. She then undertook postgraduate research at Merton College, Oxford under the supervision of Anna Morpurgo Davies, and she completed her Doctor of Philosophy (DPhil) degree in 1994. Her doctoral thesis was titled "Greek forms of address: a linguistic analysis of selected prose authors". Academic career From 1995 to 1999, Dickey was an assistant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middle Platonists
Middle Platonism is the modern name given to a stage in the development of Platonic philosophy, lasting from about 90 BC – when Antiochus of Ascalon rejected the scepticism of the new Academy – until the development of neoplatonism under Plotinus in the 3rd century. Middle Platonism absorbed many doctrines from the rival Peripatetic and Stoic schools. The pre-eminent philosopher in this period, Plutarch (c. 45–120), defended the freedom of the will and the immortality of the soul. He sought to show that God, in creating the world, had transformed matter, as the receptacle of evil, into the divine soul of the world, where it continued to operate as the source of all evil. God is a transcendent being, who operates through divine intermediaries, which are the gods and daemons of popular religion. Numenius of Apamea (c. 160) combined Platonism with neopythagoreanism and other eastern philosophies, in a move which would prefigure the development of neoplatonism. His ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
