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Théophile Bader
Théophile Bader (24 April 1864 – 16 March 1942), co-founder of Galeries Lafayette, was a French businessman and art collector whose family was persecuted during the Nazi occupation of France because of their Jewish heritage. Early life Théophile Bader was born to Jewish merchants Cerf Bader and Adèle Hirstel. His family were vineyard owners and sold livestock. The family name, "Bader," resulted from 1808 Napoleonic decree from which required Jews to choose a fixed surname for themselves and their children. One of his ancestors, Jacques Lévy, chose Bader. It is possible that he borrowed the name from a non-Jewish friend. After the 1870 defeat and the annexation of Alsace-Lorraine to Prussia, the Baders, very attached to France, moved to Belfort where Théophile continued his studies. At the age of 14 years his parents sent him to Paris to work in clothing manufacturing. Career In 1893, Bader and his cousin Alphonse Kahn opened a 70 square meter haberdashery called ''Les Ga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ginette Moulin
Ginette Moulin (born February 1926) is a French businesswoman. She is the chairman and majority shareholder of Galeries Lafayette. She also owns 11,5% of Carrefour as well as a stake in Château Beauregard. As of 2016, Moulin and her family were worth an estimated €3 billion. Heilbronn's father was Max Heilbronn, the founder of Monoprix, and her grandfather was Théophile Bader Théophile Bader (24 April 1864 – 16 March 1942), co-founder of Galeries Lafayette, was a French businessman and art collector whose family was persecuted during the Nazi occupation of France because of their Jewish heritage. Early life Théop ..., co-founder of Galeries Lafayette. References Living people Businesspeople from Paris People from Carpentras People from Var (department) 20th-century French businesswomen 20th-century French businesspeople French billionaires Female billionaires Officers of the Ordre national du Mérite Officers of the Legion of Honour 1926 births ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Montpellier
Montpellier (, , ; oc, Montpelhièr ) is a city in southern France near the Mediterranean Sea. One of the largest urban centres in the region of Occitania (administrative region), Occitania, Montpellier is the prefecture of the Departments of France, department of Hérault. In 2018, 290,053 people lived in the city, while its Functional area (France), metropolitan area had a population of 787,705.Comparateur de territoire INSEE, retrieved 20 June 2022. The inhabitants are called Montpelliérains. In the Middle Ages, Montpellier was an important city of the Crown of Aragon (and was the birthplace of James I of Aragon, James I), and then of Kingdom of Majorca, Majorca, before its sale to France in 1349. Established in 1220, the University of Montpellier is one of the List of oldest univ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1864 Births
Events January–March * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song " Beautiful Dreamer" is published in March. * January 16 – Denmark rejects an Austrian-Prussian ultimatum to repeal the Danish Constitution, which says that Schleswig-Holstein is part of Denmark. * January 21 – New Zealand Wars: The Tauranga campaign begins. * February – John Wisden publishes '' The Cricketer's Almanack for the year 1864'' in England; it will go on to become the major annual cricket reference publication. * February 1 – Danish-Prussian War (Second Schleswig War): 57,000 Austrian and Prussian troops cross the Eider River into Denmark. * February 15 – Heineken brewery founded in Netherlands. * February 17 – American Civil War: The tiny Confederate hand-propelled submarine ''H. L. Hunl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Holocaust In France
The Holocaust in France was the persecution, deportation, and annihilation of Jews and Roma between 1940 and 1944 in occupied France, metropolitan Vichy France, and in Vichy-controlled French North Africa, during World War II. The persecution began in 1940, and culminated in deportations of Jews from France to Nazi concentration camps in Nazi Germany and Nazi-occupied Poland. The deportation started in 1942 and lasted until July 1944. Of the 340,000 Jews living in metropolitan/continental France in 1940, more than 75,000 were deported to death camps, where about 72,500 were murdered. Anti-semitism was prevalent to at least some extent throughout Europe at the time. As was the case elsewhere in other German-occupied and aligned states, in France the Nazis relied to a considerable extent on the co-operation of local authorities to carry out what they called the Final Solution. The government of Vichy France and the French police organized and implemented the roundups of Jews. Alt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Kreuter
Alexander Kreuter (November 29, 1886, in Speyer – September 27, 1977) was an influential German business lawyer and banker during the Nazi occupation of France. Education and early career Kreuter studied law and political science at the University of Munich from 1906 and was awarded a doctorate by Walther Lotz in 1909. He was a civil commissioner for the province of Leuven in occupied Belgium during World War I. In 1918 he was advisor to the Armistice Commission and the delegation for the Peace Treaty of Versailles for economic and financial matters. In 1919, he was commissioner for raw materials and products of the "Dictatorial Economic Committee". In 1922, he became a member of the Provisional Reich Economic Council. He negotiated the German-Dutch financial agreement of May 11, 1920, with the Dutch government. After leaving the civil service, he founded the trust administration for the German-Dutch financial agreement GmbH (" Tredefina"), which he headed for over fifty years ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fred Jones Jr
Fred may refer to: People * Fred (name), including a list of people and characters with the name Mononym * Fred (cartoonist) (1931–2013), pen name of Fred Othon Aristidès, French * Fred (footballer, born 1949) (1949–2022), Frederico Rodrigues de Oliveira, Brazilian * Fred (footballer, born 1979), Helbert Frederico Carreiro da Silva, Brazilian * Fred (footballer, born 1983), Frederico Chaves Guedes, Brazilian * Fred (footballer, born 1986), Frederico Burgel Xavier, Brazilian * Fred (footballer, born 1993), Frederico Rodrigues de Paula Santos, Brazilian * Fred Again (born 1993), British songwriter known as FRED Television and movies * ''Fred Claus'', a 2007 Christmas film * ''Fred'' (2014 film), a 2014 documentary film * Fred Figglehorn, a YouTube character created by Lucas Cruikshank ** ''Fred'' (franchise), a Nickelodeon media franchise ** '' Fred: The Movie'', a 2010 independent comedy film * '' Fred the Caveman'', French Teletoon production from 2002 * Fred Flint ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daniel Wildenstein
Daniel Leopold Wildenstein (11 September 1917 – 23 October 2001) was a French art dealer, historian and owner-breeder of thoroughbred race horses. He was the third member of the family to preside over Wildenstein & Co., one of the most successful and influential art-dealerships of the 20th century. He was once described as "probably the richest and most powerful art dealer on earth".Andrews, Suzanna"Bitter Spoils" '' Vanity Fair'', March 1998. Retrieved 8 October 2012. Early life and education Wildenstein was born in Verrières-le-Buisson, Essonne, just outside Paris. He was educated at Cours Hattemer and at the University of Paris, graduating in 1938 and going on to study at the École du Louvre.Riding, Alan"Daniel Wildenstein, 84, Head of Art-World Dynasty, Dies" ''The New York Times'', 26 October 2001. Retrieved 6 October 2012. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shepherdess Bringing In Sheep
''Shepherdess Bringing in the Sheep'' () is a painting by Camille Pissarro from 1886. Ownership dispute Looted by the Nazis from Raoul Meyer during the German occupation of France, the Pissarro painting was the object of a restitution claim by Raoul Meyer after the war against the art dealer Christoph Bernoulli and again decades later by his daughter, Léone-Noëlle Meyer, against the Fred Jones Jr. Museum at the University of Oklahoma. The museum fought the claim. A settlement was reached in 2016 which involved the circulation of the Pissarro between the Fred Jones Jr. Museum of Art and the Musée d'Orsay The Musée d'Orsay ( , , ) ( en, Orsay Museum) is a museum in Paris, France, on the Left Bank of the Seine. It is housed in the former Gare d'Orsay, a Beaux-Arts railway station built between 1898 and 1900. The museum holds mainly French art .... The settlement was later called into question and the case landed back in court. Sources * Joachim Pissarro et Claire Du ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christoph Bernoulli
Carl Christoph Friedrich Bernoulli (born 2 October 1897 in Basel; died 9 August 1981 in Rheinfelden) was a Swiss art dealer and interior designer from the Bernoulli family of scholars. Early life Christoph Bernoulli was born in 1897, into the well-known Bernoulli family. Son of the librarian Carl Christoph Bernoulli and Anna Bertha, née Burger, he spent his childhood in Basel with two older sisters. In 1917 he began to study law in Basel and Zurich but soon switched to philosophy, music history and German literary history, completing his doctorate in 1921 on The Music of Romanticism. In 1921 he and his father founded the music publishing house "Edition Bernoulli" in Berlin, in 1922 he was a trainee at Frankfurter Zeitung. On 4 March 1926 he married Alice. The couple had two sons: Carl Christoph (1929–2011) and Peter Daniel (1936–2007). Bernoulli worked mainly as an art dealer and interior designer. Among his acquaintances among the cultural workers in Berlin in the 1920s we ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raoul Meyer
Raoul Salomon Meyer, born on 30 June 1892 in Villefranche-sur-Saône and died on 14 June 1970 in Neuilly-sur-Seine, was a French businessman and anti-Nazi resistance fighter who directed the Galeries Lafayette group. Biography Raoul Meyer was the son-in-law of Théophile Bader, the head of Galeries Lafayette, whose eldest daughter Yvonne he married. After participating in the Resistance and the Liberation of Paris, he took charge of Galeries Lafayette on September 20, 1944, until 1970. He is the grandfather of Rabbi David Meyer. Raoul Meyer and his wife had an adopted daughter Léone-Noëlle Meyer, whose biological family was murdered in the Holocaust. She became the mother of Rabbi David Meyer. Nazi era During the Nazi occupation of France in 1940, Les Galeries Lafayette underwent a process of "Aryanization", that is the removal of Jewish owners and their replacement by non-Jewish owners. Théophile Bader, Raoul Meyer, Max Heilbronn, the store's administrators and 129 Jewish e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monoprix
Monoprix S.A. () is a major French retail chain with its headquarters in Clichy, Hauts-de-Seine, France, near Paris. The company's stores combine food retailing with fashion, beauty and home products. History The company was founded in 1932 in Rouen by Max Heilbronn, a son-in-law of Theophile Bader, the founder of Galeries Lafayette. In 1991, Monoprix acquired the Uniprix brand after Galeries Lafayette took over Nouvelles Galeries, the parent of Uniprix. In 1997, the chain merged with French retailer Prisunic, in a deal that saw Casino Group Casino Group or Casino Guichard-Perrachon is a French mass-market retail group. It was founded on 2 August 1898 by Geoffroy Guichard under the corporate name Guichard-Perrachon & Co. Casino Group is the source of many innovations such as the ... acquire a 21% stake in the merged company. In 2000, Galeries Lafayette, entered into an agreement to sell a 50% interest in Monoprix. Casino Group provided Galeries Lafayette with a p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aryanization
Aryanization (german: Arisierung) was the Nazi term for the seizure of property from Jews and its transfer to non-Jews, and the forced expulsion of Jews from economic life in Nazi Germany, Axis-aligned states, and their occupied territories. It entailed the transfer of Jewish property into " Aryan" or non-Jewish, hands. "Aryanization" is , according to Kreutzmüller and Zaltin in ''Dispossession:Plundering German Jewry, 1933-1953'', "a Nazi slogan that was used to camouflage theft and its political consequences." The process started in 1933 in Nazi Germany with transfers of Jewish property and ended with the Holocaust. Two phases have generally been identified: a first phase in which the theft from Jewish victims was concealed under a veneer of legality, and a second phase, in which property was more openly confiscated. In both cases, Aryanization corresponded to Nazi policy and was defined, supported, and enforced by Germany's legal and financial bureaucracy. Michael Bazyler ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
