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Thermoanaerobium Brockii
''Thermoanaerobacter brockii'', formerly ''Thermoanaerobium brockii'', is a thermophilic, anaerobic, spore-forming bacterium. The bacterium was first isolated from Yellowstone National Park. The growth range for the organism is 35 to 80°C and pH 5.5-9.5, with optimal growth conditions at 65-70°C and pH 7.5. ''T. brockii'' stains Gram-positive.J. G. Zeikus, P. W. Hegge and Mary Ann Anderson. ''Thermoanaerobium brockii'' gen. nov. and sp. nov., a new chemoorganotrophic, caldoactive, anaerobic bacterium. ''Archives of Microbiology''. Volume 122, Number 1 (1979), 41-48, DOI: 10.1007/BF00408044. While originally thought to be non-sporeforming bacteria, it was later discovered that the organism produced spores that can survive heating at 115 °C for 80 min. The species was originally classified as ''Thermoanaerobium brockii'', but further analysis put the bacteriait into the genus ''Thermoanaerobacter ''Thermoanaerobacter'' is a genus in the phylum Bacillota (Bacteria). Me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacteria
Bacteria (; singular: bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were among the first life forms to appear on Earth, and are present in most of its habitats. Bacteria inhabit soil, water, acidic hot springs, radioactive waste, and the deep biosphere of Earth's crust. Bacteria are vital in many stages of the nutrient cycle by recycling nutrients such as the fixation of nitrogen from the atmosphere. The nutrient cycle includes the decomposition of dead bodies; bacteria are responsible for the putrefaction stage in this process. In the biological communities surrounding hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, extremophile bacteria provide the nutrients needed to sustain life by converting dissolved compounds, such as hydrogen sulphide and methane, to energy. Bacteria also live in symbiotic and parasitic relationsh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacillota
The Bacillota (synonym Firmicutes) are a phylum of bacteria, most of which have gram-positive cell wall structure. The renaming of phyla such as Firmicutes in 2021 remains controversial among microbiologists, many of whom continue to use the earlier names of long standing in the literature. The name "Firmicutes" was derived from the Latin words for "tough skin," referring to the thick cell wall typical of bacteria in this phylum. Scientists once classified the Firmicutes to include all gram-positive bacteria, but have recently defined them to be of a core group of related forms called the low- G+C group, in contrast to the Actinomycetota. They have round cells, called cocci (singular coccus), or rod-like forms (bacillus). A few Firmicutes, such as ''Megasphaera'', ''Pectinatus'', ''Selenomonas'' and ''Zymophilus'', have a porous pseudo-outer membrane that causes them to stain gram-negative. Many Bacillota (Firmicutes) produce endospores, which are resistant to desiccation and can ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clostridia
The Clostridia are a highly polyphyletic class of Bacillota, including '' Clostridium'' and other similar genera. They are distinguished from the Bacilli by lacking aerobic respiration. They are obligate anaerobes and oxygen is toxic to them. Species of the class ''Clostridia'' are often but not always Gram-positive (see ''Halanaerobium'') and have the ability to form spores. Studies show they are not a monophyletic group, and their relationships are not entirely certain. Currently, most are placed in a single order called Clostridiales, but this is not a natural group and is likely to be redefined in the future. Most species of the genus ''Clostridium'' are saprophytic organisms that ferment plant polysaccharides and are found in many places in the environment, most notably the soil. However, the genus does contain some human pathogens (outlined below). The toxins produced by certain members of the genus ''Clostridium'' are among the most dangerous known. Examples are tetanus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thermoanaerobacterales
The Thermoanaerobacterales is a polyphyletic order of bacteria placed within the polyphyletic class Clostridia, and encompassing four families: the Thermoanaerobacteraceae, the Thermodesulfobiaceae, the Thermoanaerobacterales Family III. Incertae Sedis, and the Thermoanaerobacterales Family IV. Incertae Sedis, and various unplaced genera. This order is noted for the species' abilities to survive in extreme environments without oxygen and of relatively elevated temperatures for a living being (up to 80-90 °C). An example organism in this order is '' Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus''.C.Michael Hogan. 2010''Extremophile''. eds. E.Monosson & C.Cleveland, Encyclopedia of Earth. National Council for Science and the Environment, Washington DC./ref> Phylogeny The Thermoanaerobacterales, as previously mentioned, is polyphyletic A polyphyletic group is an assemblage of organisms or other evolving elements that is of mixed evolutionary origin. The term is often applied to grou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thermoanaerobacteraceae
The Thermoanaerobacteraceae is a highly polyphyletic family of bacteria placed within the class clostridia. Originally placed within the highly polyphyletic class Clostridia and order Thermoanaerobacterales, according to the NCBI and LPSN, it is now thought to be a basal clade of the phylum Bacillota. Phylogeny The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and the phylogeny is based on 16S rRNA-based LTP release 111 by The All-Species Living Tree ProjectAll-Species Living Tree Project The All-Species Living Tree' Project is a collaboration between various academic groups/institutes, such as ARB, SILVA rRNA database project, and LPSN, with the aim of assembling a database of 16S rRNA sequences of all validly published species .... References {{Taxonbar, from=Q3990307 *Thermoanaerobacterales ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thermoanaerobacter
''Thermoanaerobacter'' is a genus in the phylum Bacillota (Bacteria). Members of this genus are thermophilic and anaerobic, several of them were previously described as ''Clostridium'' species and members of the now obsolete genera ''Acetogenium'' and ''Thermobacteroides'' Etymology The name ''Thermoanaerobacter'' derives from:Greek adjective ''thermos (θερμός)'', hot; Greek prefix ''an (ἄν)'', not; Greek noun ''aer, aeros (ἀήρ, ἀέρος)'', air; New Latin grammatical gender, masculine gender noun, ''-bacter, bacter'', nominally meaning "a rod", but in effect meaning a bacterium, rod; New Latin grammatical gender, masculine gender noun ''Thermoanaerobacter'', rod which grows in the absence of air at elevated temperatures. Species The genus contains 15 species, namely * ''Thermoanaerobacter acetoethylicus, T. acetoethylicus'' (Ben-Bassat and Zeikus 1983) Rainey and Stackebrandt 1993 (Latin noun ''acetum'', vinegar; New Latin adjective ''ethylicus'', pertaining to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
