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The Town Hall In Cieszyn
The Town Hall in Cieszyn is a historic town hall in Cieszyn, Poland. It is located in the corner of the southern frontage of the Town Square and Srebrna Street. History Initially, until 1496, Cieszyn town hall was made of wood and situated in the middle of the old market square. When the borders of the market square were marked in 1496, prince Casimir II ordered the building of a brick town hall with a wooden tower. This town hall burned down in 1552. It was rebuilt but damaged once again during the Thirty Years’ War. The town hall was renovated in 1661. Krzysztof Palm decorated its façade with rich painting. It included, inter alia, a picture of Virgin Mary with Baby Jesus and St. Wenceslas and coats of arms of the Duchy of Cieszyn and the town as well as personifications of Faith, Hope, Wisdom and Justice entwined in a ribbon with a sentence in Latin: ''Haec domus odit, punit, conservat, honorat: nequitiam, pace, orimina, iura, probus (This house hates iniquity, loves pea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cieszyn
Cieszyn ( , ; cs, Těšín ; german: Teschen; la, Tessin; szl, Ćeszyn) is a border town in southern Poland on the east bank of the Olza River, and the administrative seat of Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship. The town has 33,500 inhabitants (as of December 2021), and lies opposite Český Těšín in the Czech Republic. Both towns belong to the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia, and formerly as one town composed the capital of the Duchy of Cieszyn. Geography The town is situated on the Olza river, a tributary of the Oder River, which forms the border with the Czech Republic. It is located within the western Silesian Foothills north of the Silesian Beskids and Mt. Czantoria Wielka, a popular ski resort. Cieszyn is the heart of the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia, the southeasternmost part of Upper Silesia. Until the end of World War I in 1918 it was a seat of the Dukes of Teschen. In 1920 Cieszyn Silesia was divided between the two newly created states of Poland a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frýdek, Frýdek-Místek
Frýdek ( la, Fridecca, german: Friedek, Friedeck, pl, Frydek) was an independent town in Silesia that was joined with the Moravian town of Místek on 1 January 1943 to form the town of Frýdek-Místek. It lies on the western border of the Cieszyn Silesia region. History Frýdek lies on the right bank of the Ostravice River, that was agreed in 1261 by a special treaty between Władysław Opolski, Duke of Opole and Racibórz and Ottokar II of Bohemia to be a local border between their states. In 1290 in the process of feudal fragmentation of Poland the Duchy of Teschen The Duchy of Teschen (german: Herzogtum Teschen), also Duchy of Cieszyn ( pl, Księstwo Cieszyńskie) or Duchy of Těšín ( cs, Těšínské knížectví), was one of the Duchies of Silesia centered on Cieszyn () in Upper Silesia. It was split o ... was formed, and the border on the Ostravice was then confirmed in 1297. The border from the Silesian side was protected by a small gord around which a small to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
City And Town Halls In Poland
A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be defined as a permanent and densely settled place with administratively defined boundaries whose members work primarily on non-agricultural tasks. Cities generally have extensive systems for housing, transportation, sanitation, utilities, land use, production of goods, and communication Communication (from la, communicare, meaning "to share" or "to be in relation with") is usually defined as the transmission of information. The term may also refer to the message communicated through such transmissions or the field of inquir .... Their density facilitates interaction between people, government organisations and businesses, sometimes benefiting different parties in the process, such as improving efficiency of goods and service distribut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bugle Call
A bugle call is a short tune, originating as a military signal announcing scheduled and certain non-scheduled events on a military installation, battlefield, or ship. Historically, bugles, drums, and other loud musical instruments were used for clear communication in the noise and confusion of a battlefield. Naval bugle calls were also used to command the crew of many warships (signaling between ships being by flaghoist, semaphore, signal lamp or other means). A defining feature of a bugle call is that it consists only of notes from a single overtone series. This is in fact a requirement if it is to be playable on a bugle or equivalently on a trumpet without moving the valves. (If a bandsman plays calls on a trumpet, for example, one particular key may be favored or even prescribed, such as: all calls to be played with the first valve down.) Bugle calls typically indicated the change in daily routines of camp. Every duty around camp had its own bugle call, and since cavalry ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polskie Towarzystwo Historyczne
Polish Historical Society ( pl, Polskie Towarzystwo Historyczne, PTH) is a Polish professional scientific society for historians. History Founded in 1886 in Lwów by Ksawery Liske as a local society, in 1926 it became the Poland-wide organization dedicated to advancing the knowledge and studies in history of Poland. Since 1974 it has been organizing tournaments of historical knowledge and since 1980 has been organizing academic conferences at five year intervals. It has 46 local chapters, 8 committees and over 3,000 members. Since 2005, it has had a status of a public benefit organization under Polish law. The Polish Historical Society publishes a number of scientific journals such as ''Małopolskie Studia Historyczne'', ''Rocznik Kaliski'', ''Rocznik Łódzki'', ''Rocznik Lubelski'' and ''Biuletyn Polskiego Towarzystwa Historycznego''. Presidents of the Polish Historical Society * Ksawery Liske (1886-1891) *Tadeusz Wojciechowski (1891-1914) *Ludwik Finkel (1914-1923) * Stanis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Idzi Panic
Idzi Jan Panic (born 1952 in Wodzisław Śląski) is Polish historian, professor at the University of Silesia. He is specializing in history of Cieszyn Silesia and medieval Poland. He graduated from the University of Silesia in Katowice in 1976 and gained a Ph.D. from this university in 1980. In 1999 Panic gained the title of professor. His articles were published in " Studia Historyczne", " Sobótka. Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny", " Pamiętnik Cieszyński" and " Těšínsko". Works * ''Księstwo Cieszyńskie w średniowieczu. Studia z dziejów politycznych i społecznych'' (1988) * ''Historia osadnictwa w księstwie opolskim we wczesnym średniowieczu'' (1992) * ''Początki Węgier. Polityczne aspekty formowania się państwa i społeczeństwa węgierskiego w końcu IX i w pierwszej połowie X wieku'' (1995) * ''Książę cieszyński Przemysław Noszak (* ok. 1332/1336 - + 1410)'' (1996) - political biography * ''Ostatnie lata Wielkich Moraw'' (2000) * ''Poczet Piastów ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chamber Of Cieszyn
Teschener Kammer or Teschen Chamber (, ) is a name of a latifundium owned directly by the Duchy of Teschen, Dukes of Teschen in the years 1653–1918 and a name of the institution managing it on their behalf. History It was instituted after the death of Elizabeth Lucretia, Duchess of Teschen, Elizabeth Lucretia in 1653, which ended the Silesian Piast dynasty, Cieszyn Piast's rule in the duchy. The duchy lapsed directly to the Bohemian monarchs, at that time the House of Habsburg, Habsburgs. As opposed to the local Piast dukes they lived away from the duchy and this necessitated the deployment of administrators presided over by a regency, regent. Kaspar Tłuk became the first regent in September 1653. Initially the Teschener Kammer encompassed 4 towns (Cieszyn, Skoczów, Strumień and Jablunkov) and 31 villages organised into two circles (Cieszyn-Jablunkov and Skoczów-Strumień). In 1737 it had 4 towns, 49 villages and 21 folwarks. A rapid development of the Teschener Kammer ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tenczyn
Tenczyn is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lubień, within Myślenice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It lies approximately south of Lubień, south of Myślenice, and south of the regional capital Kraków Kraków (), or Cracow, is the second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, the city dates back to the seventh century. Kraków was the official capital of Poland until 1596 .... References Tenczyn {{Myślenice-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Of Teschen
The Treaty of Teschen (german: Frieden von Teschen, i.e., "Peace of Teschen"; french: Traité de Teschen) was signed on 13 May 1779 in Teschen, then in Austrian Silesia, between the Austrian Habsburg monarchy and the Kingdom of Prussia, which officially ended the War of the Bavarian Succession.Brendan Simms, ''The Struggle for Mastery in Germany, 1779-1850'' (1998) Background When the childless Wittelsbach elector Maximilian III Joseph of Bavaria died in 1777, the Habsburg emperor Joseph II sought to acquire most of the Electorate of Bavaria and the Upper Palatinate, basing his claim on his marriage with the late elector's sister, Maria Josepha, who had died in 1767. Maximilian's direct heir was his distant cousin Count Palatine and Prince-Elector Charles Theodore (1724–1799), by prior succession agreements between the Bavarian and Palatinate branches of the Wittelsbach dynasty. Charles Theodore was amenable to an agreement with Emperor Joseph II that would allow him to acq ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bas-relief
Relief is a sculptural method in which the sculpted pieces are bonded to a solid background of the same material. The term ''relief'' is from the Latin verb ''relevo'', to raise. To create a sculpture in relief is to give the impression that the sculpted material has been raised above the background plane. When a relief is carved into a flat surface of stone (relief sculpture) or wood (relief carving), the field is actually lowered, leaving the unsculpted areas seeming higher. The approach requires a lot of chiselling away of the background, which takes a long time. On the other hand, a relief saves forming the rear of a subject, and is less fragile and more securely fixed than a sculpture in the round, especially one of a standing figure where the ankles are a potential weak point, particularly in stone. In other materials such as metal, clay, plaster stucco, ceramics or papier-mâché the form can be simply added to or raised up from the background. Monumental bronze reliefs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stucco
Stucco or render is a construction material made of aggregates, a binder, and water. Stucco is applied wet and hardens to a very dense solid. It is used as a decorative coating for walls and ceilings, exterior walls, and as a sculptural and artistic material in architecture. Stucco can be applied on construction materials such as metal, expanded metal lath, concrete, cinder block, or clay brick and adobe for decorative and structural purposes. In English, "stucco" sometimes refers to a coating for the outside of a building and "plaster" to a coating for interiors; as described below, however, the materials themselves often have little to no differences. Other European languages, notably Italian, do not have the same distinction; ''stucco'' means ''plaster'' in Italian and serves for both. Composition The basic composition of stucco is cement, water, and sand. The difference in nomenclature between stucco, plaster, and mortar is based more on use than composition. Until ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Art Nouveau
Art Nouveau (; ) is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. The style is known by different names in different languages: in German, in Italian, in Catalan, and also known as the Modern Style (British Art Nouveau style), Modern Style in English. It was popular between 1890 and 1910 during the Belle Époque period, and was a reaction against the academic art, eclecticism and historicism of 19th century architecture and decoration. It was often inspired by natural forms such as the sinuous curves of plants and flowers. Other characteristics of Art Nouveau were a sense of dynamism and movement, often given by asymmetry or whiplash lines, and the use of modern materials, particularly iron, glass, ceramics and later concrete, to create unusual forms and larger open spaces.Sembach, Klaus-Jürgen, ''L'Art Nouveau'' (2013), pp. 8–30 One major objective of Art Nouveau was to break down the traditional distinction between fine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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