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Tanneries
Tanning may refer to: *Tanning (leather), treating animal skins to produce leather *Sun tanning, using the sun to darken pale skin **Indoor tanning, the use of artificial light in place of the sun **Sunless tanning, application of a stain or dye to the skin (active ingredient in tanning lotion products is dihydroxyacetone (DHA)). * Physical punishment, metaphorically, such as a severe spanking which leaves clear marks See also *Skin whitening *Tan (color) *Tan (other) Tan or TAN may refer to: Businesses and organisations * Black and Tans, a nickname for British special constables during the Irish War of Independence. By extension "Tans" can now also colloquially refer to English or British people in general, ... * Tannin (other) {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tanning (leather)
Tanning is the process of treating skins and hides of animals to produce leather. A tannery is the place where the skins are processed. Tanning hide into leather involves a process which permanently alters the protein structure of skin, making it more durable and less susceptible to decomposition and coloring. Before tanning, the skins are dehaired, degreased, desalted and soaked in water over a period of six hours to two days. Historically this process was considered a noxious or "odoriferous trade" and relegated to the outskirts of town. Historically, tanning used tannin, an acidic chemical compound from which the tanning process draws its name, derived from the bark of certain trees. An alternative method, developed in the 1800s, is chrome tanning, where chromium salts are used instead of natural tannins. History The English word for tanning is from medieval Latin , derivative of ( oak bark), from French (tanbark), from old-Cornish (red oak). These terms are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sun Tanning
Sun tanning or tanning is the process whereby skin color is darkened or tanned. It is most often a result of exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight or from artificial sources, such as a tanning lamp found in indoor tanning beds. People who deliberately tan their skin by exposure to the sun engage in a passive recreational activity of sun bathing. Some people use chemical products which can produce a tanning effect without exposure to ultraviolet radiation, known as sunless tanning. Impact on skin health Moderate exposure to direct sunlight contributes to the production of melanin and vitamin D by the body, but excessive exposure to ultraviolet rays has negative health effects, including sunburn and increased risk of skin cancer, as well as depressed immune system function and accelerated aging of the skin. Some people tan or sunburn more easily than others. This may be the result of different skin types and natural skin color, and these may be a result o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indoor Tanning
Indoor tanning involves using a device that emits ultraviolet radiation to produce a cosmetic tan. Typically found in tanning salons, gyms, spas, hotels, and sporting facilities, and less often in private residences, the most common device is a horizontal tanning bed, also known as a sunbed or solarium. Vertical devices are known as tanning booths or stand-up sunbeds. First introduced in the 1960s, indoor tanning became popular with people in the Western world, particularly in Scandinavia, in the late 1970s. The practice finds a cultural parallel in skin whitening in Asian countries, and both support multibillion-dollar industries. Most indoor tanners are women, 16–25 years old, who want to improve their appearance or mood, acquire a pre-holiday tan, or treat a skin condition.Hay and Lipsky (2012), 181–184. Across Australia, Canada, Northern Europe and the United States, 18.2% of adults, 45.2% of university students, and 22% of adolescents had tanned indoors in the previous ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sunless Tanning
Sunless tanning, also known as UV filled tanning, self tanning, spray tanning (when applied topically), or fake tanning, refers to the effect of a suntan without exposure to the Sun. Sunless tanning involves the use of oral agents (carotenids), or creams, lotions or sprays applied to the skin. Skin-applied products may be skin-reactive agents or temporary bronzers (colorants). The popularity of sunless tanning has risen since the 1960s after health authorities confirmed links between UV exposure (from sunlight or tanning beds) and the incidence of skin cancer. Global self-tanning product market size is projected to increase by 5.9% from 2019 to 2025. The convenience and effective results continue to boost demand and interest in products. The chemical compound dihydroxyacetone (DHA) is used in sunless tanning products in concentrations of 3%-5%. DHA concentration is adjusted to provide darker and lighter shades of tan. The reaction of keratin protein present in skin and DHA ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Skin Whitening
Skin whitening, also known as skin lightening and skin bleaching, is the practice of using chemical substances in an attempt to lighten the skin or provide an even skin color by reducing the melanin concentration in the skin. Several chemicals have been shown to be effective in skin whitening, while some have proven to be toxic or have questionable safety profiles. This includes mercury compounds which may cause neurological problems and kidney problems. In a number of African countries, between 25 and 80% of women regularly use skin whitening products. In Asia, this number is around 40%. In India, specifically, over half of skin care products are sold to whiten skin. In Pakistan, where skin lightening products are popular, creams have been found to contain toxic levels of hydroquinone and mercury. Efforts to lighten the skin date back to at least the 1500s in Asia. While a number of agents—such as kojic acid and alpha hydroxy acid—are allowed in cosmetics in Europe, a nu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tan (color)
Tan is a pale tone of brown. The name is derived from tannum ( oak bark) used in the tanning of leather. The first recorded use of ''tan'' as a color name in English was in the year 1590. Colors which are similar or may be considered synonymous to tan include: tawny, tenné, and fulvous. __TOC__ Variations of tan Sandy tan Displayed at right is the color ''Sandy tan''. This color was formulated by Crayola in 2000 as a Crayola marker color. Tan (Crayola) Displayed at right is the orangish tone of tan called ''tan'' since 1958 in Crayola crayons and 1990 in Crayola markers. Windsor tan Displayed at right is the color ''Windsor tan''. The first recorded use of ''Windsor tan'' as a color name in English was in 1925. Tuscan tan Displayed at right is the color ''Tuscan tan''. The first recorded use of ''Tuscan tan'' as a color name in English was in 1926. The normalized color coordinates for Tuscan tan are identical to café au lait and French beige, whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tan (other)
Tan or TAN may refer to: Businesses and organisations * Black and Tans, a nickname for British special constables during the Irish War of Independence. By extension "Tans" can now also colloquially refer to English or British people in general, especially disparagingly. * TAN Books, a Catholic publishing company * FC Rubin-TAN Kazan, a Russian professional ice hockey club in Kazan in 1991-94 * Transportes Aereos Nacionales, an airline based in Honduras known as TAN Airlines People * Tan (surname) (譚), a Chinese surname * Chen (surname) (陳), a Chinese surname, pronounced "Tan" in Min Nan languages * Laozi, posthumous name "Tan" or "Dān" (聃), philosopher of ancient China * Leborgne, nicknamed Tan, a patient of Paul Broca's, on whose autopsy he identified Broca's area * TAN (musician) (born 1990), Malaysian pop singer * Tan Sağtürk (born 1969), Turkish ballet Places China * Tan (state) Tan (; 1046–684 BCE) was an ancient state located in present-day Shandong Pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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