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TF1 International
TF1 (; standing for ''Télévision Française 1'') is a French commercial television network owned by TF1 Group, controlled by the Bouygues conglomerate. TF1's average market share of 24% makes it the most popular domestic network. TF1 is part of the TF1 Group of mass media companies, which also includes the news channel LCI. It previously owned the satellite TV provider TPS, which was sold to Canal+ Group. The network is a supporter of the Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV (HBBTV) initiative promoting and establishing an open European standard for hybrid set-top boxes for the reception of terrestrial TV and broadband multimedia applications with a single user interface. On 20 May 2021, it was announced that TF1 Group, owners of the channel, proposed a merger with Groupe M6, which owns M6. On September 16, 2022, it was announced that the merger was officially abandoned. History It was the only television channel in France for 28 years, and has changed its name numerous times ...
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TF1 Séries Films
TF1 Séries Films, formerly HD1 (acronym for ''Histoire de'') is a French TV channel, controlled by TF1 Group. HD1 launched on Television in France, TNT, satellite, and xDSL on 12 December 2012. History Proposed new TNT channels With the shutdown of analogue television, TF1 Group initially were to launch a new channel for Breton language channel TV Breizh, to be called 'tv-b'. However, Brussels ordered the sale of the new channel slots to the former analogue terrestrial companies, i.e. TF1 Group, Canal+ Group and M6 (TV channel), M6 Group. The plans for TV Breizh were abandoned. HD1 In March 2012, the Conseil supérieur de l'audiovisuel (CSA) auditioned TF1 Group following its application for an additional channel from one of the six national HD channels on TNT. TF1 Group chose the name 'HD1' "the network of all narratives". On 27 March 2012, the CSA confirmed that HD1 would be one of the six HD channels. An agreement was signed 6 July 2012. On 18 October 2017, TF1 Group announ ...
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Andorra
, image_flag = Flag of Andorra.svg , image_coat = Coat of arms of Andorra.svg , symbol_type = Coat of arms , national_motto = la, Virtus Unita Fortior, label=none (Latin)"United virtue is stronger" , national_anthem = "The Great Charlemagne" , image_map = Location Andorra Europe.png , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Andorra la Vella , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , official_languages = Catalan , ethnic_groups = , ethnic_groups_year = 2017 , religion = Christianity (Catholicism) , religion_ref = , demonym = Andorran , government_type = constitutional elective diarchy , leader_title1 = Co-Princes , leader_name1 = , leader_title2 = Representatives , leader_name2 = , leader_title3 = Prime Minister ...
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Canal+ Group
Groupe Canal+ is a French mass media company. It is owned and controlled by Vivendi and has a film library in excess of 5,000 films. Vivendi has sold some parts of Canal+ to private investors which are still using the name of Canal+. It is headquartered in Issy-les-Moulineaux, in the suburbs of Paris. The ''Wall Street Journal'' described Canal+ as "the French film industry's biggest financial backer, beloved by French cineastes". It is a major source of finance for domestic film production, participating in the financing of the vast majority of films produced in France. It also has its own subsidiary companies with direct involvement in film production. StudioCanal, one of those subsidiaries, announced in 2011 that it would now spend €200 million a year on movie production, establishing its position as "the first port of call outside the U.S. for intelligent upmarket movies" such as ''Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy'' which is fully financed by the studio. Corporate divisions * ...
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Télévision Par Satellite
Télévision Par Satellite (; TPS) was a French company that offered subscription television packages via satellite. It was created in 1996 by Eutelsat and Arte, soon joined by the TF1 Group, the M6 Group, France Télévisions, RTL Group, France Telecom and Suez Environnement. France Télévisions left the company in 2002. TPS offered various channels, including some owned by themselves: *TPS Star, the general entertainment flagship channel *TPS Foot, a football channel * Multivision, a 7-channel premium PPV service *And several movie channels: TPS Cineclub, TPS CinéComedy, TPS Cinéculte, TPS Cinextrême, TPS Cinéfamily, TPS Cinéstar, TPS Cinétoile and TPS Homecinéma. In November 2005, it was announced that TPS would merge with its competitor CanalSat, owned by the Canal+ Group Canals or artificial waterways are waterways or engineered channels built for drainage management (e.g. flood control and irrigation) or for conveyancing water transport vehicles (e.g ...
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Bouygues
Bouygues S.A. () is a French industrial group headquartered in the 8th arrondissement of Paris, 8th arrondissement of Paris, France. Bouygues is listed on the Euronext, Euronext Paris exchange and is a blue chip (stock market), blue chip in the CAC 40 stock market index. The company was founded in 1952 by Francis Bouygues and has been led by his son Martin Bouygues since 1989. The group specialises in construction (Colas Group and Bouygues Construction), real estate development (Bouygues Immobilier), media (TF1 Group), telecommunications (Bouygues Telecom). History The company was founded by Francis Bouygues in 1952.Sources: In 1970 Bouygues became listed on the Paris Stock Exchange. In 1985 and 1986 Bouygues acquired road construction groups Screg, Sacer (company), Sacer and Colas Group, Colas; later reorganised as Colas Group. In 1987 the company started operating the television channel TF1 and in 1988 Bouygues moved into its new head office, the Challenger complex, in Saint-Qu ...
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Television Broadcasting
A television network or television broadcaster is a telecommunications network for distribution of television program content, where a central operation provides programming to many television stations or pay television providers. Until the mid-1980s, television programming in most countries of the world was dominated by a small number of terrestrial networks. Many early television networks (such as NBC, the ABC, or the BBC) evolved from earlier radio networks. Overview In countries where most networks broadcast identical, centrally originated content to all of their stations and where most individual television transmitters therefore operate only as large " repeater stations", the terms "television network", "television channel" (a numeric identifier or radio frequency) and "television station" have become mostly interchangeable in everyday language, with professionals in television-related occupations continuing to make a differentiation between them. Within the industry, a ti ...
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Television
Television, sometimes shortened to TV, is a telecommunication medium for transmitting moving images and sound. The term can refer to a television set, or the medium of television transmission. Television is a mass medium for advertising, entertainment, news, and sports. Television became available in crude experimental forms in the late 1920s, but only after several years of further development was the new technology marketed to consumers. After World War II, an improved form of black-and-white television broadcasting became popular in the United Kingdom and the United States, and television sets became commonplace in homes, businesses, and institutions. During the 1950s, television was the primary medium for influencing public opinion.Diggs-Brown, Barbara (2011''Strategic Public Relations: Audience Focused Practice''p. 48 In the mid-1960s, color broadcasting was introduced in the U.S. and most other developed countries. The availability of various types of archival st ...
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Digital Terrestrial Television
Digital terrestrial television (DTTV or DTT, or DTTB with "broadcasting") is a technology for terrestrial television in which land-based (terrestrial) television stations broadcast television content by radio waves to televisions in consumers' residences in a digital format. DTTV is a major technological advance over the previous analog television, and has largely replaced analog which had been in common use since the middle of the 20th century. Test broadcasts began in 1998 with the changeover to DTTV (aka Analog Switchoff (ASO), or Digital Switchover (DSO)) beginning in 2006 and is now complete in many countries. The advantages of ''digital'' terrestrial television are similar to those obtained by digitising platforms such as cable TV, satellite, and telecommunications: more efficient use of limited radio spectrum bandwidth, provision of more television channels than analog, better quality images, and potentially lower operating costs for broadcasters (after the initial up ...
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Boulogne-Billancourt
Boulogne-Billancourt (; often colloquially called simply Boulogne, until 1924 Boulogne-sur-Seine, ) is a wealthy and prestigious Communes of France, commune in the Parisian area, located from its Kilometre zero, centre. It is a Subprefectures in France, subprefecture of the Hauts-de-Seine Departments of France, department and thus the seat of the larger arrondissement of Boulogne-Billancourt. Boulogne-Billancourt includes two large islands in the Seine: Île Saint-Germain and Île Seguin. With a population of 121,334 as of 2018, it is the most populous commune in Hauts-de-Seine and most populous suburb of Paris, as well as one of the most densely populated municipalities in Europe. Boulogne-Billancourt is one of the wealthiest regions in the Parisian area and in France. Formerly an important industrial site, it has successfully reconverted into business services and is now home to major communication companies headquartered in the Val de Seine Central business district, business ...
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TF1 Tower
The TF1 Tower (french: Tour TF1) is a building in the Boulogne-Billancourt suburb of Paris, used as the headquarters of the French TV channel TF1 and several subsidiaries of the TF1 Group since 1992. Location The TF1 Tower is located at the corner of Quai du Point-Du-Jour and Avenue Le-Jour-Se-Lève in the Point-Du-Jour neighborhood of Boulogne-Billancourt in the Hauts-de-Seine department, southwest of Paris. It is situated close to the Pont aval and the Pont d'Issy. Architecture The TF1 Tower is shaped as cylinder covered with reflective glass. It has 14 floors and an overall floor area of . The direction offices are located on the upper floor. A webcam on the top of the tower broadcasts real-time pictures of Paris on TF1's official website as well as in TF1's news programme studio. History The building was designed by architect and built by the Bouygues group. Its construction was decided after a delegated project management agreement dated March 20th, 1991 and authorised b ...
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Switzerland
). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel, St. Gallen a.o.). , coordinates = , largest_city = Zürich , official_languages = , englishmotto = "One for all, all for one" , religion_year = 2020 , religion_ref = , religion = , demonym = , german: Schweizer/Schweizerin, french: Suisse/Suissesse, it, svizzero/svizzera or , rm, Svizzer/Svizra , government_type = Federalism, Federal assembly-independent Directorial system, directorial republic with elements of a direct democracy , leader_title1 = Federal Council (Switzerland), Federal Council , leader_name1 = , leader_title2 = , leader_name2 = Walter Thurnherr , legislature = Fe ...
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