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Tutul Xiues
Tutul-Xiu, also Tutul Xiues or Mani, was the name of a Mayan chiefdom of the central Yucatán Peninsula with capital in Maní, before the arrival of the Spanish conquistadors in the sixteenth century. Earlier history In later accounts the Cocum family are stated to have founded Mayapan in the Yucatán Peninsula. However earlier accounts state that the earliest rulers were the Xiu. They held dominance in the settlement for the first century of its existence (c. 1180-1280). This period is marked by an increasing number of stelae being dedicated to mark the end of k'atun periods, perhaps inspired by practices in the city of Uxmal. During this time Mayapan worked cooperatively with Uxmal and also Chichen Itza, which by this point had entered its decline. The Xiu gradually lost control of Mayapan, which was in the hands of the Cocom and their Canul mercenaries by 1300. In c. 1400 the Cocom expelled a large number of Xiu from the settlement. However the Xiu plotted revenge a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mesoamerican Chronology
Mesoamerican chronology divides the history of pre-Columbian, prehispanic Mesoamerica into several periods: the Paleo-Indian (first human habitation until 3500 BCE); the Archaic (before 2600 BCE), the Preclassic or Formative (2500 BCE – 250 CE), the Classic (250–900 CE), and the Postclassic (); as well as the post European contact Colonial Period (1521–1821), and Postcolonial, or the period after independence from Spain (1821–present). The periodisation of Mesoamerica by researchers is based on archaeological, ethnohistorical, and modern cultural anthropology research dating to the early twentieth century. Archaeologists, ethnohistorians, historians, and cultural anthropologists continue to work to develop cultural histories of the region. Overview Paleo-Indian period 10,000–3500 BCE The Paleo-Indian (less frequently, ''Lithic stage, Lithic'') period or era is that which spans from the first signs of human presence in the region, to t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uxmal
Uxmal (Yucatec Maya: ''Óoxmáal'' ) is an ancient Maya city of the classical period located in present-day Mexico. It is considered one of the most important archaeological sites of Maya culture, along with Palenque, Chichen Itza and Calakmul in Mexico, Caracol and Xunantunich in Belize, and Tikal in Guatemala. It is located in the Puuc region of the eastern Yucatán Peninsula, and is considered one of the Maya cities most representative of the region's dominant architectural style. It has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in recognition of its significance. Uxmal is located 62 km south of Mérida, capital of Yucatán state in Mexico. Its buildings are noted for their size and decoration. Ancient roads called ''sacbes'' connect the buildings, and also were built to other cities in the area such as Chichén Itzá in modern-day Mexico, Caracol and Xunantunich in modern-day Belize, and Tikal in modern-day Guatemala. Its buildings are typical of the Puuc style, wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
15th-century Establishments In The Maya Civilization
The 15th century was the century which spans the Julian dates from 1 January 1401 ( MCDI) to 31 December 1500 ( MD). In Europe, the 15th century includes parts of the Late Middle Ages, the Early Renaissance, and the early modern period. Many technological, social and cultural developments of the 15th century can in retrospect be seen as heralding the "European miracle" of the following centuries. The architectural perspective, and the modern fields which are known today as banking and accounting were founded in Italy. The Hundred Years' War ended with a decisive French victory over the English in the Battle of Castillon. Financial troubles in England following the conflict resulted in the Wars of the Roses, a series of dynastic wars for the throne of England. The conflicts ended with the defeat of Richard III by Henry VII at the Battle of Bosworth Field, establishing the Tudor dynasty in the later part of the century. Constantinople, known as the capital of the world an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1441 Establishments In North America
Events January–December * February – The Republic of Venice annexes the seigniory of Ravenna, ending the da Polenta Dynasty. * February 12 – King's College, Cambridge, is founded by King Henry VI of England. * March 1 – Battle of Samobor: The army of Ulrich II, Count of Celje, defeats the army of Stjepan Banić at Samobor, Croatia in union with Hungary. * November 10 – Alfonso V of Aragon lays siege to Naples. * November 20 – The Peace of Cremona (1441) ends the war between the Republic of Venice and the Duchy of Milan. Date unknown * Ouagadougou becomes the capital of the Mossi Kingdoms. * Two subjects of the Ethiopian Empire attend a Christian ecclesiastical council at Florence as part of negotiations concerning a possible union of Coptic Orthodoxy and the Latin Church. This is the earliest recorded contact of the Ethiopian branch of the Coptic Church with Europe. * A revolt occurs in the Mayan nation of Mayapan; the Maya civilization splits into warring ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rulers Of Tutul-Xiu
A ruler, sometimes called a rule, line gauge, or scale, is a device used in geometry and technical drawing, as well as the engineering and construction industries, to measure distances or draw straight lines. Variants Rulers have long been made from different materials and in multiple sizes. Some are wooden. Plastics have also been used since they were invented; they can be molded with length markings instead of being scribed. Metal is used for more durable rulers for use in the workshop; sometimes a metal edge is embedded into a wooden desk ruler to preserve the edge when used for straight-line cutting. in length is useful for a ruler to be kept on a desk to help in drawing. Shorter rulers are convenient for keeping in a pocket. Longer rulers, e.g., , are necessary in some cases. Rigid wooden or plastic yardsticks, 1 yard long, and meter sticks, 1 meter long, are also used. Classically, long measuring rods were used for larger projects, now superseded by tap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mayan Chiefdoms Of The Yucatán Peninsula
Mayan most commonly refers to: * Maya peoples, various indigenous peoples of Mesoamerica and northern Central America * Maya civilization, pre-Columbian culture of Mesoamerica and northern Central America * Mayan languages, language family spoken in Mesoamerica and northern Central America * Yucatec Maya language, language spoken in the Yucatán Peninsula and northern Belize Mayan may also refer to: * Mayan, Semnan, Iran * Mayan stage, geological period that occurred during the end of the Middle Cambrian * Mayan (band), a Dutch symphonic death-metal band * Mayan (software) See also * List of Mayan languages * Maayan (other) * ''Mayan Renaissance'' * Mayan-e Olya, East Azerbaijan * Mayan-e Olya, Razavi Khorasan * Mayan-e Sofla, East Azerbaijan * Mayan-e Sofla, Razavi Khorasan * Mayan-e Vosta * Mayian Maiyan, also known as Maiyun, Haldi, or Ubtan, is the term used for the preparation ceremony one day before Punjabi wedding traditions, Punjabi weddings of India and Pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sotuta
Sotuta is a small town and municipality of the Mexican state of Yucatán, and also was the name of a Mayan chiefdom of the northern central Yucatán Peninsula, before the arrival of the Spanish conquistadors in the sixteenth century. See also * Ah Kin Chel * Ah Canul * Ceh Pech * Chakan * Chetumal Chetumal (, , ; yua, label=Yucatec Maya, Chactemàal , ) is a city on the east coast of the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico. It is the capital of the state of Quintana Roo and the municipal seat of the Municipality of Othón P. Blanco. In 2020 i ... References Mayan chiefdoms of the Yucatán Peninsula Populated places in Yucatán {{Mexico-hist-stub es:Sotuta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francisco De Montejo The Younger
Francisco de Montejo y León (; 1508 – 8 February 1565), known as "the Younger" (), was a Spanish conquistador, who in 1542 founded the city of Mérida, capital of State of Yucatán, Mexico. The son of Francisco de Montejo, ca. June 1527 he sailed with his father and his cousin Francisco de Montejo "the Nephew" from Sanlúcar de Barrameda to Cozumel, launching the first military campaign of the conquest of Yucatán. In 1528 he came to the now lost city of Santa Maria de la Victoria (the first Spanish city in Mexican territory in the current state of Tabasco, founded at the mouth of the San Pedro River near the town of Salamanca de Xicalango), with the mission of pacifying the area, becoming in 1530 the leader of the campaign when his father left for the conquest of Yucatán. However, when he had already pacified virtually the entire region of Grijalva River, the First Court dismissed his father while he was in Honduras and appointed Baltazar Osorio as mayor of Tabasco, fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tecoh
Tecoh is a town and the municipal seat of the Tecoh Municipality, Yucatán in Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema .... References Populated places in Yucatán {{Yucatán-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chel Family
The Chels, Cheles, or Che'els (From Yucatec Che'el Staff / rod of justice or Chel arch sky / rainbow )(in Maya glyphs) were the ruling family of the Maya civilization, Maya Kuchkabal of Ah Kin Chel. The Chels originally hailed from Mayapan, one of the three capitals of the League of Mayapan, where they were traditionally priests and nobles. Mo-Chel was the first ruler of Ah Kin Chel. He was originally a nobleman, the son-in-law of one of the principal priests at Mayapan. Another priest Ah Xupan Nauat married his daughter Namox Chel to Mo. Mo-Chel is said to have foreseen the destruction of the League of Mayapan in 1441 and he fled with some followers to Tecoh near Izamal, where he established an independent state which he named ''Ah Kin'' (high priest, literally ''is from the sun'') ''Chel'' (from his last name; this was a naming tradition used by many Kuchkabals).http://holybooks.lichtenbergpress.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/Book-of-Chilam-Balam-the-of-Chumayel.pdf The Ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pre-Columbian Mexico
The pre-Columbian (or prehispanic) history of the territory now making up the country of Mexico is known through the work of archaeologists and epigraphers, and through the accounts of Spanish conquistadores, settlers and clergymen as well as the indigenous chroniclers of the immediate post-conquest period. Human presence in the Mexican region was once thought to date back 40,000 years based upon what were believed to be ancient human footprints discovered in the Valley of Mexico, but after further investigation using radioactive dating, it appears this is untrue. It is currently unclear whether 21,000-year-old campfire remains found in the Valley of Mexico are the earliest human remains in Mexico. Indigenous peoples of Mexico began to selectively breed maize plants around 8000 BC. Evidence shows a marked increase in pottery working by 2300 BC and the beginning of intensive corn farming between 1800 and 1500 BC. Between 1800 and 300 BC, complex cultures began to form. Many mat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ah Xiu Xupan
Ah Xiu Xupan (Maya glyphs ) was the last known ruler of the Mayan chiefdom of Tutul-Xiu when it was part of the League of Mayapan. In 1441, Ah Xiu Xupan, who was the great ruler of Uxmal at that time, was given the task of starting a war with the royal family of Cocom, which founded Tibolón. He managed to kill everyone except for one Cocom survivor. The war between Uxmal and Cocom plunged the league into chaos; there was segregation in the provinces and several uprisings broke out. By 1461, the league was completely disintegrated. After the war, Yucatán was divided into sixteen kuchkabal A ''kuchkabal'' ( , ''kuchkabalo'ob'', 'province'), also known as an ''ah kuch-kab'' or ''ah cuch-cab'', was a system of social and political organisation common to Maya polities of the Maya Lowlands, in the Yucatán Peninsula, during the ...s.Chamberlain, Robert S. (1974) ''"Conquista y Colonización de Yucatán"'', Ed. Porrúa References [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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