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Trümmerliteratur
''Trümmerliteratur'' ("rubble literature"), also called ''Kahlschlagliteratur'' ("clear-cutting literature"), is a literary movement that began shortly after World War II in Germany and lasted until about 1950. It is primarily concerned with the fate of former soldiers and POWs who could return to Germany, who must stand both before the rubble of their homeland and their possessions as well as before the rubble of their ideals and deal with it. American short stories served as a model for the authors of this epoch. The stylistic means employed were simple, direct language, which laconically described but did not evaluate the destroyed world, and a restriction, usual for short stories, of the space, narrated time, and characters. On account of its simplification, writing of this epoch is also referred to as ''Kahlschlagliteratur'' ("clear-cutting literature"), and the aim of its authors was to use shortened sentences and straightforward language as a response to the misuse of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wolfgang Borchert
Wolfgang Borchert (; 20 May 1921 – 20 November 1947) was a German author and playwright whose work was strongly influenced by his experience of dictatorship and his service in the ''Wehrmacht'' during the Second World War. His work is among the best-known examples of the Trümmerliteratur movement in post-World War II Germany. His most famous work is the drama ''Draußen vor der Tür'' (''The Man Outside''), which he wrote soon after the end of World War II. His works are uncompromising on the issues of humanity and humanism. He is one of the most popular authors of the German postwar period; his work continues to be studied in German schools. Life Borchert was born in Hamburg, the only child of teacher Fritz Borchert, who also worked for the Dada magazine ''Die Rote Erde'', and author Hertha Borchert, who worked for the Hamburg radio and was famous for her dialect poetry. Borchert's family was liberal and progressive, and they moved in Hamburg's intellectual social circles. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wolfdietrich Schnurre
Wolfdietrich Schnurre (22 August 19209 June 1989) was a German writer. Best known for his short stories, he also wrote tales, diaries, poems, radio plays, and children's books. Born in Frankfurt am Main, and later raised in Berlin-Weißensee, he grew up in a lower-middle class family and did not receive a post-secondary education. He served in Nazi Germany's army from 1939 until 1945, when he escaped from a prisoner camp after having been arrested for desertion. He was briefly imprisoned by British troops; after his release he returned to Germany in 1946 and began to write commercially. Schnurre's experiences during the Second World War informed the themes of his writings, which often discuss guilt and moral responsibility; though influenced by his socialist political views, his works aim at ethical activation of the reader and not political activism. He is sometimes considered a representative of the rubble literature movement, a short period in German literary history durin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Draußen Vor Der Tür
''The Man Outside'' (, literally ''Outside, at the door'') is a play by Wolfgang Borchert, written in a few days in the late autumn of 1946. It made its debut on German radio on 13 February 1947. ''The Man Outside'' describes the hopelessness of a post-war soldier called Beckmann who returns from Russia to find that he has lost his wife and his home, as well as his illusions and beliefs. He finds every door he comes to closed; even nature seems to reject him. Due to its release during the sensitive immediate postwar period, Borchert subtitled his play "''A play that no theatre wants to perform and no audience wants to see.''" Despite this, the first radio broadcast (February 1947) was very successful. The first theatrical production of ''The Man Outside'' (at the ''Hamburger Kammerspiele'') opened on the day after Borchert's death, 21 November 1947. The play consists of five scenes in one act. It makes use of expressionist forms and Brechtian techniques, such as the '' Verfre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trümmerliteratur
''Trümmerliteratur'' ("rubble literature"), also called ''Kahlschlagliteratur'' ("clear-cutting literature"), is a literary movement that began shortly after World War II in Germany and lasted until about 1950. It is primarily concerned with the fate of former soldiers and POWs who could return to Germany, who must stand both before the rubble of their homeland and their possessions as well as before the rubble of their ideals and deal with it. American short stories served as a model for the authors of this epoch. The stylistic means employed were simple, direct language, which laconically described but did not evaluate the destroyed world, and a restriction, usual for short stories, of the space, narrated time, and characters. On account of its simplification, writing of this epoch is also referred to as ''Kahlschlagliteratur'' ("clear-cutting literature"), and the aim of its authors was to use shortened sentences and straightforward language as a response to the misuse of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wanderer, Kommst Du Nach Spa…
"Stranger, Bear Word to the Spartans We..." (german: Wanderer, kommst du nach Spa...) is a short story by the German author Heinrich Böll (1917–1985). It tells the story of a seriously wounded soldier during World War II being carried on a stretcher through the school which he left three months earlier, because the school is being used as a makeshift military hospital. The narrator slowly notices details confirming where he is, but ignores and explains them away in an internal monologue. At the end of the story, in the art room, he sees unmistakable confirmation that he is indeed in his old school: his own handwriting in chalk on the blackboard: ''Stranger, bear word to the Spartans we...'' The story was first published by Verlag Friedrich Middelhauve in 1950 as the title story in a short story collection. Today, ''Stranger, Bear Word to the Spartans We...'' is one of Böll's most famous stories and is one of the best known of examples of ''Trümmerliteratur'' ("Rubble liter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heinrich Böll
Heinrich Theodor Böll (; 21 December 1917 – 16 July 1985) was a German writer. Considered one of Germany's foremost post-World War II writers, Böll is a recipient of the Georg Büchner Prize (1967) and the Nobel Prize for Literature (1972). Biography Böll was born in Cologne, Germany, to a Roman Catholic and pacifist family that later opposed the rise of Nazism. Böll refused to join the Hitler Youth during the 1930s. He was apprenticed to a bookseller before studying German studies and classics at the University of Cologne. Conscripted into the Wehrmacht, he served in Poland, France, Romania, Hungary and the Soviet Union. In 1942, Böll married Annemarie Cech, with whom he had three sons; she later collaborated with him on a number of different translations into German of English language literature. During his war service, Böll was wounded four times and contracted typhoid. He was captured by US Army soldiers in April 1945 and sent to a prisoner-of-war camp. Afte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heinz Rein
Heinz Rein (pseudonym: Reinhard Andermann) was an influential German novelist writing before and after the Second World War. He became a major figure in the "rubble literature" period, and his famous novel ''Berlin Finale'', published in 1947, was one of the first bestsellers of the German rebuilding period. Early life Heinz Rein worked as a bank clerk in the 1920s after completing a banking apprenticeship. He later worked as a sports journalist. Because of his political commitments, the National Socialist rulers imposed a writing ban on him in 1934; consequently, in 1935, Rein became unemployed Katrin Hillgruber: ''Im Schatten der Blockwalter'', Rezension, in: Frankfurter Rundschau, 9. Mai 2015, S. 34 During the war, he was subject to compulsory service at the German National Railway and at times Rein was in Gestapo detention. After the war's end, he worked for the Cultural Advisory Board for Publishing at the East German Administration for Public Education until 1950. The Cultu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Günter Eich
Günter Eich (; 1 February 1907 – 20 December 1972) was a German lyricist, dramatist, and author. He was born in Lebus, on the Oder River, and educated in Leipzig, Berlin, and Paris. Life Eich made his first appearance in print with some poems in the ''Anthology of the Latest Poetry''. His first radio play, written in collaboration with Martin Raschke, was performed in 1929. From 1929–1932, Eich lived as a freelance writer in Dresden, Berlin, and on the Baltic coast, writing mainly for the radio. From 1939–1945, Eich served in the German army in a signals unit. In 1945 he was held as a war prisoner in an American internment camp, and in 1946 he was released and moved to Geisenhausen in Bavaria. After being held as a prisoner of war, he was one of the founders in 1947 of Gruppe 47, and for poems in his then unpublished ''Abgelegene Gehöfte'', he was one of the first two recipients, in 1950, of its Literature Prize for young writers. In 1953, he married the Jewish Austrian wri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Das Brot
"The Bread" ("Das Brot") is a short story by Wolfgang Borchert. The story takes places in 1945 post-war Germany where food was in short supply. Background Borchert wrote the story in 1946. The story was published for the first time in 1947 in a literature magazine called '' Das Karussell''. Plot Shortly after World War II in Germany, an older woman wakes up in the dark of the night and catches her husband who is eating an extra slice of their rationed bread. They don't talk about what happened and a perplexed conversation takes place. They end up with the fact that there was nothing and they both woke up because of the wind outside and the sound of the rain gutter. They go back to bed. While they are trying to sleep, she hears her husband secretly eating more bread. The next evening she prepares dinner and gives him an extra slice of her ration of bread under the pretext that in the evening she can't take the bread all that well. They avoid eye contact, after a while she sits do ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Das Begräbnis
(The Funeral) is a short story by German author Wolfdietrich Schnurre. It was written in the immediate aftermath of the Second World War and was first published in 1948 in the February issue of the magazine (Yes. Paper of the young generation). In 1960, Schnurre included a revised version in the prose collection (One should be against it). is also significant in literary history as the first text to be read at a meeting of the writers' association Gruppe 47. The short story describes the funeral of God, whose death is hardly noticed in the world and is commented on indifferently. Even the priest knows little about the name of the deceased, and the funeral is attended without sympathy by the few people present. The story is considered a typical example of rubble literature as well as magical realism. Plot A doorbell interrupts the work of an unnamed narrator, but there is no one at the door. He merely hears a voice and finds a letter smelling of incense that contains an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gruppe 47
Gruppe 47 (Group 47) was a group of participants in German writers' meetings, invited by Hans Werner Richter between 1947 and 1967. The meetings served the dual goals of literary criticism as well as the promotion of young, unknown authors. In a democratic vote titled "Preis der Gruppe 47" (Prize of Group 47), it proved to be excellent for many who were beginning their writing careers.Arnold, Heinz Ludwig.Aufstieg und Ende der Gruppe 47. ''Bundeszentrale für Politische Bildung'', 6 June 2007. Group 47 had no organizational form, no fixed membership list, and no literary program, but was strongly influenced by Richter's invitations. In its early days, Gruppe 47 offered young writers a platform for the renewal of German literature after World War II. It later became an influential institution in the cultural life of the Federal Republic of Germany, as important contemporary writers and literary critics participated in the meetings. The cultural and political influence of Group 47 h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wolfgang Weyrauch
Wolfgang Weyrauch (15 October 1904 – 7 November 1980) was a German writer, journalist, and actor. He wrote under the pseudonym name Joseph Scherer. Life and work Wolfgang Weyrauch was born Königsberg, Prussia as the son of a surveyor. After attending gymnasium, and receiving his Abitur, he began going to acting school in Frankfurt am Main in 1924. Between 1925 and 1927, he acted in theaters in Münster, Bochum, and at the Harztheater in Thale. From 1927 to 1929, Weyrauch pursued German history, German studies, and Romance studies at Goethe University Frankfurt. In 1929, he began working as a freelance writer, from 1929 to 1933, at the '' Frankfurter Zeitung'', from 1932 to 1938, at the ''Berliner Tageblatt'', and, from 1933 to 1934, at the ''Vossische Zeitung''. In the 1930s, Weyrauch also began to write radio plays, a newly emerged art form. During the 1930s, Weyrauch also worked as a literary editor, and published his first books. From 1940 to 1945, he worked in an air ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
