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Truncospora Detrita
''Truncospora'' is a genus of 10 species of fungi in the family Polyporaceae. Taxonomy The genus was originally proposed by Czech mycologist Albert Pilát in 1941, but this publication is invalid because a type species was not designated, contrary to the rules of botanical nomenclature. He published the genus validly in 1953 with two species: ''Truncospora oboensis'', and the type, ''T. ochroleuca''. Leif Ryvarden placed the genus in synonymy with '' Perenniporia'' in 1972, but molecular studies have shown that ''Truncospora'' is distinct genetically, and comprises part of the "core polyporoid clade", a grouping of fungi roughly equivalent to the family Polyporaceae. The generic name ''Truncospora'' is derived from the Latin ''trunco'' ("I cut off") and the Ancient Greek ("spore"). Description ''Truncospora'' is characterized by relatively small, cap-forming fruit bodies that generally measure about long, wide, and thick. The skeletal hyphae range from non-dextrinoid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungi
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from the other eukaryotic kingdoms, which by one traditional classification include Plantae, Animalia, Protozoa, and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related organisms, named the ''Eumycota'' (''t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Molecular Phylogenetics
Molecular phylogenetics () is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships. From these analyses, it is possible to determine the processes by which diversity among species has been achieved. The result of a molecular phylogenetic analysis is expressed in a phylogenetic tree. Molecular phylogenetics is one aspect of molecular systematics, a broader term that also includes the use of molecular data in taxonomy and biogeography. Molecular phylogenetics and molecular evolution correlate. Molecular evolution is the process of selective changes (mutations) at a molecular level (genes, proteins, etc.) throughout various branches in the tree of life (evolution). Molecular phylogenetics makes inferences of the evolutionary relationships that arise due to molecular evolution and results in the construction of a phylogenetic tree. History The theoretical frame ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Truncospora Floridana
''Truncospora'' is a genus of 10 species of fungi in the family Polyporaceae. Taxonomy The genus was originally proposed by Czech mycologist Albert Pilát in 1941, but this publication is invalid because a type species was not designated, contrary to the rules of botanical nomenclature. He published the genus validly in 1953 with two species: ''Truncospora oboensis'', and the type, ''T. ochroleuca''. Leif Ryvarden placed the genus in synonymy with '' Perenniporia'' in 1972, but molecular studies have shown that ''Truncospora'' is distinct genetically, and comprises part of the "core polyporoid clade", a grouping of fungi roughly equivalent to the family Polyporaceae. The generic name ''Truncospora'' is derived from the Latin ''trunco'' ("I cut off") and the Ancient Greek ("spore"). Description ''Truncospora'' is characterized by relatively small, cap-forming fruit bodies that generally measure about long, wide, and thick. The skeletal hyphae range from non-dextrinoid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Truncospora Detrita
''Truncospora'' is a genus of 10 species of fungi in the family Polyporaceae. Taxonomy The genus was originally proposed by Czech mycologist Albert Pilát in 1941, but this publication is invalid because a type species was not designated, contrary to the rules of botanical nomenclature. He published the genus validly in 1953 with two species: ''Truncospora oboensis'', and the type, ''T. ochroleuca''. Leif Ryvarden placed the genus in synonymy with '' Perenniporia'' in 1972, but molecular studies have shown that ''Truncospora'' is distinct genetically, and comprises part of the "core polyporoid clade", a grouping of fungi roughly equivalent to the family Polyporaceae. The generic name ''Truncospora'' is derived from the Latin ''trunco'' ("I cut off") and the Ancient Greek ("spore"). Description ''Truncospora'' is characterized by relatively small, cap-forming fruit bodies that generally measure about long, wide, and thick. The skeletal hyphae range from non-dextrinoid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iberian Peninsula
The Iberian Peninsula (), ** * Aragonese and Occitan: ''Peninsula Iberica'' ** ** * french: Péninsule Ibérique * mwl, Península Eibérica * eu, Iberiar penintsula also known as Iberia, is a peninsula in southwestern Europe, defining the westernmost edge of Eurasia. It is principally divided between Spain and Portugal, comprising most of their territory, as well as a small area of Southern France, Andorra, and Gibraltar. With an area of approximately , and a population of roughly 53 million, it is the second largest European peninsula by area, after the Scandinavian Peninsula. Name Greek name The word ''Iberia'' is a noun adapted from the Latin word "Hiberia" originating in the Ancient Greek word Ἰβηρία ('), used by Greek geographers under the rule of the Roman Empire to refer to what is known today in English as the Iberian Peninsula. At that time, the name did not describe a single geographical entity or a distinct population; the same name was us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macaronesia
Macaronesia (Portuguese: ''Macaronésia,'' Spanish: ''Macaronesia'') is a collection of four volcanic archipelagos in the North Atlantic, off the coasts of Africa and Europe. Each archipelago is made up of a number of List of islands in the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic oceanic islands, which are formed by seamounts on the ocean floor whose peaks have risen above the ocean's surface. Some of the Macaronesian islands belong to Portugal, some belong to Spain, and the rest belong to Cape Verde. Politically, the islands belonging to Portugal and Spain are part of the European Union. Geologically, Macaronesia is part of the African Plate, African tectonic plate. Some of its islands – the Azores – are situated along the edge of that plate at the point where it abuts the Eurasian Plate, Eurasian and North American Plate, North American plates. In one biogeography, biogeographical system, the Cape Verde archipelago is in the Afrotropical realm while the other three archipelagos are in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Truncospora Atlantica
''Truncospora'' is a genus of 10 species of fungi in the family Polyporaceae. Taxonomy The genus was originally proposed by Czech mycologist Albert Pilát in 1941, but this publication is invalid because a type species was not designated, contrary to the rules of botanical nomenclature. He published the genus validly in 1953 with two species: ''Truncospora oboensis'', and the type, ''T. ochroleuca''. Leif Ryvarden placed the genus in synonymy with '' Perenniporia'' in 1972, but molecular studies have shown that ''Truncospora'' is distinct genetically, and comprises part of the "core polyporoid clade", a grouping of fungi roughly equivalent to the family Polyporaceae. The generic name ''Truncospora'' is derived from the Latin ''trunco'' ("I cut off") and the Ancient Greek ("spore"). Description ''Truncospora'' is characterized by relatively small, cap-forming fruit bodies that generally measure about long, wide, and thick. The skeletal hyphae range from non-dextrinoid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Truncospora Arizonica
''Truncospora'' is a genus of 10 species of fungi in the family Polyporaceae. Taxonomy The genus was originally proposed by Czech mycologist Albert Pilát in 1941, but this publication is invalid because a type species was not designated, contrary to the rules of botanical nomenclature. He published the genus validly in 1953 with two species: ''Truncospora oboensis'', and the type, ''T. ochroleuca''. Leif Ryvarden placed the genus in synonymy with '' Perenniporia'' in 1972, but molecular studies have shown that ''Truncospora'' is distinct genetically, and comprises part of the "core polyporoid clade", a grouping of fungi roughly equivalent to the family Polyporaceae. The generic name ''Truncospora'' is derived from the Latin ''trunco'' ("I cut off") and the Ancient Greek ("spore"). Description ''Truncospora'' is characterized by relatively small, cap-forming fruit bodies that generally measure about long, wide, and thick. The skeletal hyphae range from non-dextrinoid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Index Fungorum
''Index Fungorum'' is an international project to index all formal names ( scientific names) in the fungus kingdom. the project is based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, one of three partners along with Landcare Research and the Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. It is somewhat comparable to the International Plant Names Index (IPNI), in which the Royal Botanic Gardens is also involved. A difference is that where IPNI does not indicate correct names, the ''Index Fungorum'' does indicate the status of a name. In the returns from the search page a currently correct name is indicated in green, while others are in blue (a few, aberrant usages of names are indicated in red). All names are linked to pages giving the correct name, with lists of synonyms. ''Index Fungorum'' is one of three nomenclatural repositories recognized by the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi; the others are ''MycoBank'' and ''Fungal Names''. Current names in ''Index Fungorum'' (''Speci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basidiospore
A basidiospore is a reproductive spore produced by Basidiomycete fungi, a grouping that includes mushrooms, shelf fungi, rusts, and smuts. Basidiospores typically each contain one haploid nucleus that is the product of meiosis, and they are produced by specialized fungal cells called basidia. Typically, four basidiospores develop on appendages from each basidium, of which two are of one strain and the other two of its opposite strain. In gills under a cap of one common species, there exist millions of basidia. Some gilled mushrooms in the order Agaricales have the ability to release billions of spores. The puffball fungus ''Calvatia gigantea'' has been calculated to produce about five trillion basidiospores. Most basidiospores are forcibly discharged, and are thus considered ballistospores. These spores serve as the main air dispersal units for the fungi. The spores are released during periods of high humidity and generally have a night-time or pre-dawn peak concentration in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hypha
A hypha (; ) is a long, branching, filamentous structure of a fungus, oomycete, or actinobacterium. In most fungi, hyphae are the main mode of vegetative growth, and are collectively called a mycelium. Structure A hypha consists of one or more cells surrounded by a tubular cell wall. In most fungi, hyphae are divided into cells by internal cross-walls called "septa" (singular septum). Septa are usually perforated by pores large enough for ribosomes, mitochondria, and sometimes nuclei to flow between cells. The major structural polymer in fungal cell walls is typically chitin, in contrast to plants and oomycetes that have cellulosic cell walls. Some fungi have aseptate hyphae, meaning their hyphae are not partitioned by septa. Hyphae have an average diameter of 4–6 µm. Growth Hyphae grow at their tips. During tip growth, cell walls are extended by the external assembly and polymerization of cell wall components, and the internal production of new cell membrane. The S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basidiocarp
In fungi, a basidiocarp, basidiome, or basidioma () is the sporocarp of a basidiomycete, the multicellular structure on which the spore-producing hymenium is borne. Basidiocarps are characteristic of the hymenomycetes; rusts and smuts do not produce such structures. As with other sporocarps, epigeous (above-ground) basidiocarps that are visible to the naked eye (especially those with a more or less agaricoid morphology) are commonly referred to as mushrooms, while hypogeous (underground) basidiocarps are usually called false truffles. Structure All basidiocarps serve as the structure on which the hymenium is produced. Basidia are found on the surface of the hymenium, and the basidia ultimately produce spores. In its simplest form, a basidiocarp consists of an undifferentiated fruiting structure with a hymenium on the surface; such a structure is characteristic of many simple jelly and club fungi. In more complex basidiocarps, there is differentiation into a stipe, a pileus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
