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Troika
Troika or troyka (from Russian тройка, meaning 'a set of three') may refer to: Cultural tradition * Troika (driving), a traditional Russian harness driving combination, a cultural icon of Russia * Troika (dance), a Russian folk dance Politics * Triumvirate, a political regime ruled or dominated by three powerful individuals, usually ''troika'' in the context of the Soviet Union and Russia * Troika (Soviet leadership), one of the temporary triumvirates in the Soviet Union * European troika, the decision group formed by the European Commission (EC), the European Central Bank (ECB) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) * OSCE troika, the leadership of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe: the chairman-in-office and the previous and incoming chairmen-in-office * NKVD troika, a commission of three for express judgment in the Soviet Union during the time of Joseph Stalin * Troika (Tunisia), a three-party alliance that governed Tunisia from 2011 to 2014 * " ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NKVD Troika
NKVD troika or Special troika (russian: особая тройка, osobaya troyka), in Soviet history, were the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs (NKVD which would later be the beginning of the KGB) made up of three officials who issued sentences to people after simplified, speedy investigations and without a public and fair trial. The three members were judge and jury, though they themselves did not carry out the sentences they dealt. These commissions were employed as instruments of extrajudicial punishment introduced to supplement the Soviet legal system with a means for quick and secret execution or imprisonment. It began as an institution of the Cheka, then later became prominent again in the NKVD, when it was used during the Great Purge to execute many hundreds of thousands of Soviet citizens. Defendants in the Troika's proceeding were typically not entitled to legal aid or the presumption of innocence. Convictions usually did not include information about the actua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Troika
The troika is a term used to refer to the single decision group created by three entities, the European Commission (EC), the European Central Bank (ECB) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). It was formed in the aftermath of the European debt crisis as an ''ad hoc'' authority with a mandate to manage the "bailouts" of Cyprus, Greece, Ireland and Portugal, in the aftermath of their prospective insolvency caused by the world financial crisis of 2007–2008. Earlier, "troika" had been used as the designation of a triumvirate that represented the European Union in its foreign relations, in particular concerning its common foreign and security policy (CFSP), until the Treaty of Lisbon was ratified in 2009. Background of the financial crisis bailout troika The role of the Troika The term ''troika'' has been widely used in Greece, Cyprus ( el, τρόικα), Ireland, Portugal, and Spain to refer to the consortium of the European Commission, the European Central Bank an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Troika (driving)
A troika (, "triplet" or "trio") is a traditional Russian harness driving combination, using three horses abreast, usually pulling a sleigh. It differs from most other three-horse combinations in that the horses are harnessed abreast. The middle horse is usually harnessed in a horse collar and shaft bow; the side horses are usually in breastcollar harness. The troika is traditionally driven so that the middle horse trots and the side horses canter; the right-hand horse will be on the right lead and the left-hand horse on the left lead. The troika is often claimed to be the world's only harness combination with different gaits of the horses. The term "troika" is sometimes used to refer to any three-horse team harnessed abreast, regardless of harness style or what horse-drawn vehicle is used. At full speed a troika can reach , which was a very high speed on land for vehicles in the 17th–19th centuries, making the troika closely associated with the fast ride. The troika was de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Troika Dialog
Sberbank CIB is a multinational investment banking and asset management firm headquartered in Moscow, Russia, and a subsidiary of Sberbank. It was founded in Moscow in 1991, and was formerly known as Troika Dialog. Sberbank CIB's core lines of business are securities sales and trading, investment banking, private wealth and asset management, retail distribution and alternative investments. The company focuses on markets in Russia and other CIS countries. It operates in more than 20 cities in Russia plus offices in London, New York City, Kyiv, Almaty, and Nicosia. Troika Dialog's clients include leading Russian and international companies, financial institutions, government agencies and high-net-worth individuals. History Troika Dialog was co-founded by the American Peter Derby (russian: Петр Дерби; born 18 August 1960 United States) and Bernard Sucher in 1991.; born 18 August 1960 United States) became an auditor at Chase Manhattan Bank in New York where he remained unt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Troika (Soviet Leadership)
During its 69-year history, the Soviet Union usually had a ''de facto'' leader who would not necessarily be head of state but would lead while holding an office such as premier or general secretary. Under the 1977 Constitution, the chairman of the Council of Ministers, or premier, was the head of government and the chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet was the head of state. The office of the chairman of the Council of Ministers was comparable to a prime minister in the First World whereas the office of the chairman of the Presidium was comparable to a president. In the ideology of Vladimir Lenin, the head of the Soviet state was a collegiate body of the vanguard party (as described in '' What Is To Be Done?''). Following Joseph Stalin's consolidation of power in the 1920s, the post of the general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party became synonymous with leader of the Soviet Union, because the post controlled both the Communist Party and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Troika Of Tyranny
Troika of tyranny ( es, troika de la tiranía) is a description of the nations of Cuba, Nicaragua and Venezuela used by United States National Security Advisor John R. Bolton in outlining United States foreign policy towards those nations. Bolton has alternately described the three countries as the "triangle of terror" and the "three stooges of socialism", stating that the three are "the cause of immense human suffering, the impetus of enormous regional instability, and the genesis of a sordid cradle of communism in the western hemisphere". The United States has condemned actions of the governments of the three Latin American nations and has maintained both broad and targeted sanctions against their leadership. Background The phrase ''troika of tyranny'' was first used by U.S. National Security Advisor Bolton during a speech on behalf of President Donald Trump at Miami Dade College on 1 November 2018 to describe the nations of Cuba, Nicaragua and Venezuela. According to ''The Wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Troika Pottery
Troika was an art pottery that operated in Cornwall from 1962 to 1983. It was founded by three people, Leslie Illsley, Jan Thompson and Benny Sirota who took over the Powell and Wells Pottery at Wheal Dream, where Sirota had previously worked as a decorator and driver. The name is from the Russian , meaning "a set of three", or triumvirate. History Troika was set up in February 1962 by Leslie Illsley, Jan Thompson and Benny Sirota who took over the Powell and Wells Pottery at Wheal Dream, St Ives, Cornwall, where Benny Sirota had previously worked. They wanted to pursue their vision of pottery as art, without regard to function. This ran counter to the aims of much of the studio pottery movement at the time, as epitomised by the work of Bernard Leach. They initially relied on the ceramics of Leslie's wife, Caroline (Kingston School of Art). This included the novel double egg cup. The venture rapidly became successful, gaining both critical praise and very high sales through a c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Troika Games
Troika Games was an American video game developer co-founded by Jason Anderson, Tim Cain, and Leonard Boyarsky. The company was focused on role-playing video games between 1998 and 2005, best known for '' Arcanum: Of Steamworks and Magick Obscura'' and '' Vampire: The Masquerade – Bloodlines''. History In 1997, Tim Cain, Leonard Boyarsky, and Jason Anderson worked on the ''Fallout'' sequel at Interplay. Finishing the initial design for ''Fallout 2'', they were unable to come to an agreement with Interplay about the future team structure. They decided to leave Interplay to form a company that felt more like the old Interplay, producing role-playing video games for PC in 1997. They formed their company on April 1, 1998, calling their new company Troika Games (a Russian word "Тройка" meaning "three of a kind") since they were the three key developers behind the critically acclaimed ''Fallout''. They initially planned to do games exclusively for one publisher (Sierra En ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Troika (series)
Troika or troyka (from Russian тройка, meaning 'a set of three') may refer to: Cultural tradition * Troika (driving), a traditional Russian harness driving combination, a cultural icon of Russia * Troika (dance), a Russian folk dance Politics * Triumvirate, a political regime ruled or dominated by three powerful individuals, usually ''troika'' in the context of the Soviet Union and Russia * Troika (Soviet leadership), one of the temporary triumvirates in the Soviet Union * European troika, the decision group formed by the European Commission (EC), the European Central Bank (ECB) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) * OSCE troika, the leadership of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe: the chairman-in-office and the previous and incoming chairmen-in-office * NKVD troika, a commission of three for express judgment in the Soviet Union during the time of Joseph Stalin * Troika (Tunisia), a three-party alliance that governed Tunisia from 2011 to 2014 * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Troika (crater)
Troika or troyka (from Russian тройка, meaning 'a set of three') may refer to: Cultural tradition * Troika (driving), a traditional Russian harness driving combination, a cultural icon of Russia * Troika (dance), a Russian folk dance Politics * Triumvirate, a political regime ruled or dominated by three powerful individuals, usually ''troika'' in the context of the Soviet Union and Russia * Troika (Soviet leadership), one of the temporary triumvirates in the Soviet Union * European troika, the decision group formed by the European Commission (EC), the European Central Bank (ECB) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) * OSCE troika, the leadership of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe: the chairman-in-office and the previous and incoming chairmen-in-office * NKVD troika, a commission of three for express judgment in the Soviet Union during the time of Joseph Stalin * Troika (Tunisia), a three-party alliance that governed Tunisia from 2011 to 2014 * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Troika (D'Virgilio, Morse & Jennings Album)
''Troika'' is a collaborative album by progressive rock/metal musicians Nick D'Virgilio (Big Big Train, ex-Spock's Beard), Neal Morse ( The Neal Morse Band, Transatlantic, Flying Colors, ex-Spock's Beard) and Ross Jennings ( Haken, Novena) under the moniker D'Virgilio, Morse & Jennings. It was released through InsideOut Music on February 25, 2022. Background The album was envisioned by Neal Morse, who wanted to create acoustic songs with vocal harmonies. He first thought of his former Spock's Beard mate Nick D'Virgilio, and then they considered Ross Jennings for the third voice. Jennings commented that people shouldn't expect a "Spock's Beard meets Haken" album, and the trio has compared itself to Crosby, Stills and Nash. The album was officially announced in September 2021. In November 29 they teased the first single "Julia"; the song was later released on December 21, 2021, alongside the announcement of the album's release date. "Julia" was written by Jennings as a 8-minute ep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Triumvirate
A triumvirate ( la, triumvirātus) or a triarchy is a political institution ruled or dominated by three individuals, known as triumvirs ( la, triumviri). The arrangement can be formal or informal. Though the three leaders in a triumvirate are notionally equal, the actual distribution of power may vary. The term can also be used to describe a state with three different military leaders who all claim to be the sole leader. Pre-Modern triumvirates Biblical In the Bible triumvirates occurred at some notable events in both the Old Testament and New Testament. In the Book of Exodus Moses, his brother Aaron and, according to some views their nephew or brother-in-law, Hur acted this way during the Battle of Rephidim against the Amalekites. Later, when Moses was away on Mount Sinai Aaron and Hur were left in charge of all the Israelites. In the Gospels as a leading trio among the Twelve Apostles at three particular occasions during public ministry of Jesus acted Peter, James, son of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
