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Treaty Of Huế (1883)
The Treaty of Huế, (Vietnamese: ''Hòa ước Harmand'', ''Hòa ước Quý Mùi'') concluded on 25 August 1883 between Nguyễn dynasty, Vietnam (Nguyễn dynasty) and French Third Republic, France, recognising a French protectorate over Vietnam being divided into Annam (French protectorate), Annam and Tonkin (French protectorate), Tonkin. Dictated to the Vietnamese by the French administrator François-Jules Harmand in the wake of the Battle of Thuận An, French military seizure of the Thuận An forts, the treaty is often known as the 'Harmand Treaty'. Considered overly harsh in French diplomatic circles, the treaty was never ratified in France, and was replaced on 6 June 1884 with the slightly milder Treaty of Huế (1884), 'Patenôtre Accords' or 'Treaty of Protectorate', which formed the basis for French Indochina, French rule in Vietnam until the 1949 Élysée Accords signed between France and emperor Bảo Đại. Background The treaty was dictated to the Vietnamese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Signature Of 1883 Treaty Of Hue
A signature (; from , "to sign") is a depiction of someone's name, nickname, or even a simple "X" or other mark that a person writes on documents as a proof of identity and intent. Signatures are often, but not always, Handwriting, handwritten or stylized. The writer of a signature is a signatory or signer. Similar to a handwritten signature, a signature work describes the work as readily identifying its creator. A signature may be confused with an autograph, which is chiefly an artistic signature. This can lead to confusion when people have both an autograph and signature and as such some people in the public eye keep their signatures private whilst fully publishing their autograph. Function and types Identification The traditional function of a signature is to permanently affix to a document a person's uniquely personal, undeniable self-identification as physical evidence of that person's personal witness and certification of the content of all, or a specified part, of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sino-French War
The Sino-French or Franco-Chinese War, also known as the Tonkin War, was a limited conflict fought from August 1884 to April 1885 between the French Third Republic and Qing China for influence in Vietnam. There was no declaration of war. The Chinese armies performed better than in their other nineteenth-century wars. Although French forces emerged victorious from most engagements, the Chinese scored noteworthy successes on land, notably forcing the French to hastily withdraw from occupied Lạng Sơn in the late stages of the war, thus gaining control of the town and its surroundings. However, a lack of foreign support, French naval supremacy, and northern threats posed by Russia and Japan forced China to enter negotiations. China ceded to France its sphere of influence over Northern and Central Vietnam, which respectively became the protectorates of Tonkin and Annam. Both sides ratified the Treaty of Tientsin and no diplomatic gain was reaped by either nation. On another ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Treaties
This list of treaties contains known agreements, pacts, peaces, and major contracts between states, armies, governments, and tribal groups. Before 1200 CE 1200–1299 1300–1399 1400–1499 1500–1599 1600–1699 1700–1799 1800–1899 1900–1999 2000–present Pending * Central American Free Trade Agreement * Free Trade Area of the Americas * Substantive Patent Law Treaty (SPLT) * WIPO Protection of Broadcasting Organizations * Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement The Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA) is a plurilateral agreement, multilateral treaty for the purpose of establishing international standards for intellectual property rights enforcement that did not enter into force. The agreement ai ... Notes References External links Treaty of Peace with Japan Signed at San Francisco on 8 September 1951Treaty of Peace Between Japan and India (1952) Treaty of Peace Between Japan and the Union of Burma (1954) Agreement Between Japan a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jules Patenôtre Des Noyers
Jules Patenôtre des Noyers (20 April 1845 – 26 December 1925) was a French diplomat. Early life Patenôtre was born in Baye ( Marne) on 20 April 1845. He was the son of Charles Patenôtre (1814–1878) and Hortense Philipponnat (1822–1906). His paternal grandparents were Nicolas Pierre Patenôtre and Marie Justine ( Radet) Patenôtre. His maternal grandparents were Philippe Louis Philipponnat and Rosalie ( Bouché) Philipponnat. Educated at the École Normale Supérieure, he taught for some years in the Algiers lycée before he joined the diplomatic service in 1871. Career He took service from 1873 to 1876 in the North of Persia. In 1880, he was appointed minister plenipotentiary in Stockholm, Sweden, succeeding Robert de Tamisier. He served until 1883 when he was replaced by Charles Le Peletier d'Aunay.Devillers, Philippe (1998) ''Français et annamites . Partenaires ou ennemis ? 1856-1902'', Denoël, Coll. Destins croisés, L'aventure coloniale de la France, Paris, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tientsin Accord
The Tianjin Accord or Li–Fournier Convention, concluded on 11 May 1884, was intended to settle an undeclared war between France and China over the sovereignty of Tonkin (northern Vietnam). The convention, negotiated by Li Hongzhang for China and ''capitaine de vaisseau'' François-Ernest Fournier for France, provided for a Chinese troop withdrawal from Tonkin in return for a comprehensive treaty that would settle details of trade and commerce between France and China and provide for the demarcation of its disputed border with Vietnam. Background Chinese opposition to French efforts to clamp a protectorate on Tonkin led to the outbreak of an undeclared war between France and China towards the end of 1883. Chinese troops fought alongside Liu Yongfu's Black Flag Army during the Sơn Tây Campaign (December 1883). Although Admiral Courbet's capture of Son Tay paved the way for the eventual French conquest of Tonkin, the French now had to deal with open opposition from China as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sơn Tây Campaign
''Toxicodendron succedaneum'', the wax tree, Japanese Hazenoki tree (Sumac or wax tree), sơn in Vietnamese or charão in Portuguese, is a flowering plant species in the genus '' Toxicodendron'' found in Asia, although it has been planted elsewhere, most notably Australia and New Zealand. It is a large shrub or tree, up to 8 m tall, somewhat similar to a sumac tree. Because of its beautiful autumn foliage, it has been planted outside Asia as an ornamental plant, often by gardeners who were apparently unaware of the dangers of allergic reactions. It is now officially classified as a noxious weed in Australia and New Zealand. It is one of the city tree symbols of Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan. The larvae of the moths '' Eteoryctis deversa'', '' Caloptilia aurifasciata'', '' Caloptilia protiella'', '' Caloptilia rhois'', and '' Callidrepana patrana'' feed on ''T. succedaneum''. Chemistry The plant produces hinokiflavone, a cytotoxic biflavonoid. Its stems are also a commercial sourc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amédée Courbet
Anatole-Amédée-Prosper Courbet (; 26 June 1827 – 11 June 1885) was a French admiral who won a series of important land and naval victories during the Tonkin Campaign (1883–86) and the Sino-French War (August 1884 – April 1885). Early years Courbet was born in Abbeville as the youngest of three children. His father died when he was nine years old. He was educated at the École Polytechnique. From 1849 to 1853 Courbet served as a midshipman (''aspirant'') on the corvette ''Capricieuse'' (''capitaine de vaisseau'' Roquemaurel). ''Capricieuse'' circumnavigated the globe during this period and cruised for several months along the China Coast, giving Courbet his first experience of the seas in which, thirty years later, he would win fame. After his return to France he was posted to the brick ''Olivier'', attached to the Levant naval division. In December 1855, at Smyrna, he intervened to quell a mutiny aboard the ''Messageries impériales'' packet ''Tancrède'', and was s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hoàng Kế Viêm
Hoàng Kế Viêm (1820–1909) was a Vietnamese General and a Dong'ge Grand Secretariat during the Nguyễn dynasty. He played a significant role in suppressing borderlands banditry and resisting French colonial empire, French invasion during the second half of the 19th century. Early years Hoàng Kế Viêm (1820–1909) was a son-in-law of emperor Minh Mạng. His father is Hoàng Kim Xán, the governor of province Khánh Hòa Province, Khánh Hòa. In the year 1841, Emperor Minh Mạng died, and his eldest son Thiệu Trị succeeded to the throne. In 1843, Hoàng Kế Viêm married Nguyễn Phúc Quang Tĩnh, the fifth daughter of Emperor Minh Mạng and thus became a Prince (Phò mã). The next year, Nguyễn Phúc Quang Tĩnh died at age 28 during pregnancy. Emperor Thiệu Trị gave her the title of Princess Hương La (Hương La Công Chúa). Military career Anti-Imperial Bandits Yanling Kingdom In 1849, Taiping Rebellion broke out by Hong Xiuquan, together ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quai D'Orsay
The Quai d'Orsay ( , ) is a quay in the 7th arrondissement of Paris. It is part of the left bank of the Seine opposite the Place de la Concorde. It becomes the Quai Anatole-France east of the Palais Bourbon, and the Quai Branly west of the Pont de l'Alma. The seat of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (the ''Hôtel du ministre des Affaires étrangères'') is located on the Quai d'Orsay, between the Esplanade des Invalides and the National Assembly at the Palais Bourbon; thus the ministry is often called the "Quai d'Orsay" in the press by metonymy. The building housing the Ministry of Foreign Affairs was built between 1844 and 1855 by Jacques Lacornée. The statues of the facade were created by the sculptor Henri de Triqueti (1870). The 1919 Treaty of Versailles was negotiated and written at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. History The Quai d'Orsay (originally until the Rue du Bac in the east) has historically played an important role in French art as a location to which m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
L'UNIVERS ILLUSTRE - VINGT-SEPTIEME ANNEE N° 1504 - 19 JANVIER 1884
''L'Univers'' was a French daily newspaper with a Catholic orientation, founded in 1833 by Abbé Jacques-Paul Migne. It ceased publication in 1919. The newspaper was acquired by Charles de Montalembert in 1838 and, starting in 1840 under the direction of Louis Veuillot, a sharp and skilled polemicist, became the mouthpiece of the "Catholic Party." Ultramontane in orientation and supportive of the temporal power of the Pope, it opposed the Italian policies of Napoleon III and was banned under the Second French Empire. During the French Third Republic, it adopted the legitimist stance of Louis Veuillot. The paper later embraced the Ralliement to the Republic under the leadership of Eugène Veuillot. Advocate for the "Catholic Party" Initially named ''L'Univers religieux'', the newspaper was founded in November 1833 by Abbé Jacques-Paul Migne, the publisher of the Patrologia Latina. Two years later, Migne sold the title to Emmanuel Joseph Bailly, known as Emmanuel-Joseph Bai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red River (Asia)
The Red River or the Hong River (; ; Chữ Nôm: 瀧紅), also known as the ' (lit. "Main River"; Chữ Nôm: 瀧丐) in Vietnamese and the (, ') in Chinese, is a -long river that flows from Yunnan in Southwest China through northern Vietnam to the Gulf of Tonkin. According to C. Michael Hogan, the associated Red River Fault was instrumental in forming the entire South China Sea at least as early as 37 million years before present. The name red and southern position in China are associated in traditional cardinal directions. The river is relatively shallow, and carries a lot of reddish silt along its way, appearing red brown in colour. Geography The Red River begins in China's Yunnan province in the mountains south of Dali. Main headstreams Leqiu River, Xi River and Juli River confluence at Nanjian where they form the Lishe River. The Lishe River meets with another headstream, the Yijie River at Hongtupo, Chuxiong Prefecture. The river is commonl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
