Transnistria–Ukraine Relations
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Transnistria–Ukraine Relations
Transnistria–Ukraine relations is the bilateral relationship between the Pridnestrovian Moldovan Republic (commonly known as Transnistria) and Ukraine. Ukraine does not officially recognize the independence of Transnistria. Nevertheless, it maintains special relations with Transnistria in the political, cultural and economic spheres. History In 1924, the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic within the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic was formed. Until 1940, the territory which in the present is Transnistria was part of the Ukrainian SSR. Economy The most influential Transnistrian company is Sheriff. This corporation has extensive foreign contacts and a well-developed network of partners, especially in Russia, Ukraine and Belarus. Modern relations The relations between Transnistria and Ukraine have changed on several times, depending on the foreign policy orientation of the government in Kyiv. In 2012, Marcin Kosienkowski defined Ukraine as Transnistria's "main ...
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Pridnestrovian Moldovan Republic
Transnistria, officially known as the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic and locally as Pridnestrovie, is a landlocked breakaway state internationally recognized as part of Moldova. It controls most of the narrow strip of land between the Dniester river and the Moldova–Ukraine border, as well as some land on the other side of the river's bank. Its capital and largest city is Tiraspol. Transnistria is officially designated by the Republic of Moldova as the Administrative-Territorial Units of the Left Bank of the Dniester () or as ("Left (Bank) of the Dniester"). The region's origins can be traced to the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, which was formed in 1924 within the Ukrainian SSR. During World War II, the Soviet Union took parts of the Moldavian ASSR, which was dissolved, and of the Kingdom of Romania's Bessarabia to form the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1940. The present history of the region dates to 1990, during the dissolution of the Soviet ...
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European Union Border Assistance Mission To Moldova And Ukraine
The European Union Border Assistance Mission to Moldova and Ukraine (EUBAM Moldova and Ukraine) was launched in 2005. It promotes border control, customs, and trade norms and practices that meet European Union standards and serve the needs of its two partner countries. It is an advisory, technical body based in Odesa, Ukraine. It has a Liaison Office in Chișinău, Moldova, and six field offices; three on the Moldovan side of the joint border and three on the Ukrainian side. EUBAM activities are intended to promote economic development and enhance regional security. The Mission contributes to cross-border cooperation and confidence building, helping to improve efficiency, transparency, and security along the Moldova–Ukraine border. Aims The Mission's aims are to: * work with Moldova and Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the List of European countries by area, second-largest country in Europe after Russia, which Russia–Ukraine border, borders it to ...
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5+2 Format
5 (five) is a number, numeral and digit. It is the natural number, and cardinal number, following 4 and preceding 6, and is a prime number. Humans, and many other animals, have 5 digits on their limbs. Mathematics 5 is a Fermat prime, a Mersenne prime exponent, as well as a Fibonacci number. 5 is the first congruent number, as well as the length of the hypotenuse of the smallest integer-sided right triangle, making part of the smallest Pythagorean triple ( 3, 4, 5). 5 is the first safe prime and the first good prime. 11 forms the first pair of sexy primes with 5. 5 is the second Fermat prime, of a total of five known Fermat primes. 5 is also the first of three known Wilson primes (5, 13, 563). Geometry A shape with five sides is called a pentagon. The pentagon is the first regular polygon that does not tile the plane with copies of itself. It is the largest face any of the five regular three-dimensional regular Platonic solid can have. A conic is d ...
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Viktor Yanukovych
Viktor Fedorovych Yanukovych (born 9 July 1950) is a Ukrainian politician who served as the fourth president of Ukraine from 2010 to 2014. He also served as the prime minister of Ukraine several times between 2002 and 2007 and was a member of the Verkhovna Rada (parliament) from 2006 to 2010. Yanukovych was removed from the presidency in the 2014 Revolution of Dignity, which followed months of protests against him. Since then, he has lived in exile in Russia. Yanukovych was a member of the pro-Russian Party of Regions. Before entering national politics, Yanukovych was the Governor of his native Donetsk Oblast from 1997 to 2002. He was simultaneously the Chairman of the oblast's legislature from 1999 to 2001. He first ran for president in the 2004 election, where he was declared the winner against Viktor Yushchenko. However, allegations of electoral fraud and voter intimidation caused widespread protests, in what became known as the Orange Revolution. The Ukrainian Supr ...
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Rinat Akhmetov
Rinat Leonidovych Akhmetov (born 21 September 1966) is a Ukrainian billionaire and businessman. He is the founder and president of international investment group System Capital Management (SCM), and is the wealthiest man in Ukraine. Akhmetov is the owner and president of the Ukrainian football club FC Shakhtar Donetsk. As of June 2024, he was listed as the 785th richest person in the world with an estimated net worth of US$4 billion. Since 2014, the Rinat Akhmetov Foundation has provided 13 million food kits to the residents of Ukraine, and aid has reached more than 18 million people. SCM businesses, the Rinat Akhmetov Foundation, and Shakhtar Football Club have collectively provided $315 million (UAH 11.3 billion) to aid the country, its military, and civilians during three years of war. From 2006 to 2007 and 2007–2012, Akhmetov was a member of the Ukrainian Verkhovna Rada (parliament) for the Party of Regions. Early life Rinat Akhmetov was born in Donetsk, Ukrainian SSR, ...
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Vadym Novynskyi
Vadym Novynskyi (; born 3 June 1963
Liga.net
) is a Russian-born Ukrainian billionaire businessman, priest and politician of descent. He is the owner of the , which has made him one of the wealthiest people in Ukraine. Novynskyi is also a of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church, often referred to as the ‘Moscow Patriarchate’. He ...
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Alisher Usmanov
Alisher Burkhanovich Usmanov (, ; born 9 September 1953) is a Russian-Uzbek oligarch. He is sanctioned by the US, EU, UK, and Ukrainian governments. By March 2025, Usmanov had an estimated net worth of $16.7 billion and was ranked number 124 among the world's wealthiest people. Usmanov made his wealth after the collapse of the Soviet Union, through metal and mining operations, and investments. He is a shareholder of 49% of Metalloinvest, a Russian industrial conglomerate, which consolidated in 2006 JSC Metalloinvest's assets (Mikhailovsky GOK and Ural Steel) with those of Gazmetall JSC (Lebedinsky GOK and the Oskol Electrometallurgical Plant). He owns the Kommersant publishing house. He is also a co-owner of Russia's second-largest mobile telephone operator, MegaFon, and co-owner of Udokan copper which develops one of the largest copper deposits in the world. Usmanov eventually teamed up with Yuri Milner and became the largest investor of Digital Sky Technologies ("DST"). O ...
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Ihor Kolomoyskyi
Ihor Valeriyovych Kolomoyskyi (; ; born 13 February 1963) is a Ukrainian-born Israeli billionaire businessman, once considered the leading oligarch in Ukraine. Already an entrepreneur in the last years of Soviet Ukraine, in 2010 Kolomoyskyi was rated as the second richest person in Ukraine, and as one of the country's most influential oligarchs. In 1992, he had co-founded PrivatBank and its informal stable of companies, Privat Group. He subsequently acquired extensive media holdings. Between 2014 and 2016, Kolomoyskyi served as Governor of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast until his dismissal by President Petro Poroshenko. That year, his undercapitalised bank was declared a threat to Ukraine's financial security and taken into state ownership. In 2019, Kolomoyskyi's media power and funding supported Volodymyr Zelenskyy's successful presidential campaign to unseat Poroshenko. In 2020, he was indicted in the United States on charges related to large-scale bank fraud. In 2021, the U.S. ...
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Hryhoriy Surkis
Hryhoriy Mykhailovych Surkis (; born 4 September 1949) is a Ukrainian businessman, one of five vice-presidents of UEFA since 24 May 2013. Surkis was the president of Football Federation of Ukraine until September 2012.Anatoliy Konkov takes over as FFU president
(2 September 2012)


Biography

Hryhoriy's father Mikhail Davydovych Surkis was a military doctor, and his mother Rimma Yanivna Surkis was a sales specialist. He has two children, daughter Svitlana and son Vyacheslav. His brother Ihor Surkis is current chai ...
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Moldova Steel Works
Moldova Steel Works (; ) is a steel-producing company in Rîbnița, in the unrecognized state of Transnistria. It accounts for more than half of Transnistrian total industrial output. Moldova Steel Works was founded in 1985 for reprocessing of scrap metal. In 1998, majority of its shares was sold to Russian energy company Itera and 28.8% of shares was given to the employees of the company. Production peaked in 2000. In 2004, 90% of shares was acquired by "Austro-Ukrainian Hares Group" of Hares Youssef. Moldova Steel Works became owned by group of Russian– Ukrainian oligarchs, including in addition to Hares Youssef also Hryhoriy Surkis, Ihor Kolomoyskyi, Alisher Usmanov, Vadym Novynskyi and Rinat Akhmetov. Later the Russian company Metalloinvest, controlled by Alisher Usmanov and Vasily Anisimov, became owner of the company. In 2015, the ownership was returned to the Transnistrian authorities for a symbolic price. On 14 May 2018, the government of Ukraine included Mol ...
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NATO
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO ; , OTAN), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental organization, intergovernmental Transnationalism, transnational military alliance of 32 Member states of NATO, member states—30 European and 2 North American. Established in the aftermath of World War II, the organization implements the North Atlantic Treaty, signed in Washington, D.C., on 4 April 1949. NATO is a collective security system: its independent member states agree to defend each other against attacks by third parties. During the Cold War, NATO operated as a check on the threat posed by the Soviet Union. The alliance remained in place after the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the Warsaw Pact, and has been involved in military operations in the Balkans, the Middle East, South Asia, and Africa. The organization's motto is . The organization's strategic concepts include Deterrence theory, deterrence. NATO headquarters, NATO's main headquarter ...
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Bender, Moldova
Bender (, ) or Bendery (, ; ), also known as Tighina ( mo-Cyrl, Тигина, links=no), is a city within the internationally recognized borders of Moldova under ''de facto'' control of the unrecognized Transnistria, Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (Transnistria) (PMR) since 1992. It is located on the western bank of the river Dniester in the historical region of Bessarabia. Together with its suburb Proteagailovca, the city forms a municipality, which is separate from Administrative-Territorial Units of the Left Bank of the Dniester, Transnistria (as an administrative unit of Moldova) according to Moldovan law. Bender is located in the buffer zone established at the end of the 1992 War of Transnistria. While the Joint Control Commission has overriding powers in the city, Transnistria has ''de facto'' administrative control. The Tighina Fortress, fortress of Tighina was one of the important historic fortresses of the Principality of Moldova until 1812. Name First mentioned in ...
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