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Trajan's Dacian Wars
Trajan's Dacian Wars (101–102, 105–106) were two military campaigns fought between the Roman Empire and Dacia during Roman Emperor, Emperor Trajan's rule. The conflicts were triggered by the constant Dacian threat on the Danube, Danubian Roman Province, province of Moesia and also by the increasing need for resources of the economy of the Empire. Background Throughout the 1st century, Roman policy dictated that threats from neighbouring nations and provinces were to be contained promptly. Dacia had been on the Roman agenda since before the days of Caesar when the Dacians defeated a Roman army at the Battle of Histria. Domitian's Dacian War had re-established peace with Dacia in 89 AD. However, the Dacian king Decebalus used the Roman annual subsidy of 8 million sestercesJones (1992), p150. and craftsmen in trades devoted to both peace and war, and war machines intended to defend the empire's borders to fortify his own defences instead. Despite some co-operation on the dip ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dacian Wars (other) , two campaigns of conquest ordered or led by the Emperor Trajan in 101–102 AD and 105–106 AD from Moesia against Dacia and Decebalus
{{disambiguation ...
Dacian War(s) may refer to: * Domitian's Dacian War, two punitive expeditions mounted as a border defense against raids of Moesia from Dacia in 86–87 AD ordered by the Emperor Titus Flavius Domitianus against Dacia and the Dacian king Decebalus * Trajan's Dacian Wars Trajan's Dacian Wars (101–102, 105–106) were two military campaigns fought between the Roman Empire and Dacia during Roman Emperor, Emperor Trajan's rule. The conflicts were triggered by the constant Dacian threat on the Danube, Danubian Rom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legio XI Claudia
Legio XI Claudia ("Claudius' Eleventh Legion") was a legion of the Imperial Roman army. The legion was levied by Julius Caesar for his campaign against the Nervii. XI ''Claudia'' dates back to the two legions (the other was the XIIth) recruited by Julius Caesar to invade Gallia in 58 BC, and it existed at least until the early 5th century, guarding lower Danube in Durostorum (modern Silistra, Bulgaria). History Founding and Service in the Late Republic Legio XI Claudia, along with Legio XII Fulminata, was a Roman Legion levied by Julius Caesar in 58 BC in Cisalpine Gaul, for his war against the Nervii. They likely were present at the Siege of Alesia. After his campaigns in Gaul, civil war broke out between Julius Caesar and Pompey, both of whom were triumvirs, and in January, 49 BC, Caesar invaded Italy with Legio XI serving in his army. They fought in 48 BC at Dyrrhachium and Pharsalus, but were disbanded in 45 BC and settled in Central Italy around the area of Bovi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legio I Adiutrix
Legio I Adiutrix ( First Legion "Rescuer"), was a legion of the Imperial Roman army founded in AD 68, probably by Nero or Galba when he rebelled against emperor Nero (r. 54–68). The last record mentioning the ''Adiutrix'' is in 344, when it was stationed at Brigetio (modern Szőny), in the Roman province of Pannonia. The emblem of the legion was a capricorn,, The Origins and Early History of the Second Augustan Legion, in , ''Legions and Veterans: Roman Army Papers 1971-2000'', Stuttgart, 2000, p128 used along with the winged horse Pegasus, on the helmets the symbol used by I ''Adiutrix'' legionaries was a dolphin. Origins The legion probably was founded by Nero, although some sources provide that it was Galba. Some theories propose the idea that Nero began to recruit marines from the Misenum navy, and Galba likely was responsible for the last stages of the organization, when sacrifices were made, and the legion received its aquila standard. Some children may have been ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legio XIII Gemina
, in English the 13th "Twin" Legion was a legion of the Imperial Roman army. It was one of Julius Caesar's key units in Gaul and in the civil war, and was the legion with which he crossed the Rubicon in January, perhaps on 10 January, in 49 BC. The legion appears to have still been in existence in the 5th century AD. Its symbol was the lion. History Under the late Republic Legio XIII was levied by Julius Caesar in 57 BC, before marching against the Belgae, in one of his early interventions in intra-Gallic conflicts. During the Gallic Wars (58–51 BC), Legio XIII was present at the Battle against the Nervians, the Siege of Gergovia, and while not specifically mentioned in the sources, it is reasonable to assume that Legio XIII was also present for the Battle of Alesia. After the end of the Gallic wars, the Roman Senate refused Caesar his second consulship, ordered him to give up his commands, and demanded he return to Rome to face prosecution. Forced to choose either ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legio V Macedonica
Legio V Macedonica (the Fifth Macedonian Legion) was a Roman legion. It was established in 43 BC by consul Gaius Vibius Pansa Caetronianus and Augustus, Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus (later known as the Roman Emperor, Emperor Augustus). and based in the Balkan provinces of Macedonia (Roman province), Macedonia, Moesia and Dacia. In the Notitia Dignitatum records from beginning of the fifth century, the legion was still stationed in Dacia, with detachments stationed in the east and Egypt. The last known evidence shows the legion, or detachments from it, stationed in Egypt in the seventh century one or two years before the Islamic conquest of Egypt. It is often assumed that the legion fought in this war and was destroyed, although it is uncertain whether detachments or the whole legion were in Egypt, and there is no further evidence of the legion's eventual fate. Its symbol was the bull, but the eagle was used as well. History 1st century BC: Creation and deployment in Maced ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legio I Italica
Legio I Italica ("First Italian Legion") was a legion of the Imperial Roman army founded by emperor Nero on September 22, 66 (the date is attested by an inscription). Labeled ''Phalanx Alexandri Magni'' and originally destined to the east, it was instead employed in Italy during the year of four emperors. It was later stationed at Novae, near modern-day Svishtov (Bulgaria). There are still records of the ''I Italica'' on the Danube border at the beginning of the 5th century. The emblem of the legion was a boar. History In the aftermath of the Roman–Parthian War of 58–63, Emperor Nero levied the ''I Italica'' with the name ''phalanx Alexandri Magni'' ("phalanx of Alexander the Great"), for a campaign in Armenia, ''ad portas Caspias'' – to the pass of Chawar. The sources mention the peculiar fact that the original legionaries were all over six feet tall. However, since the Jewish Revolt broke out a few weeks later, the projected Armenian campaign never took place. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legio VII Claudia
Legio VII Claudia (Latin for "The 7th Claudian Legion") was a legion of the Ancient Roman army. History Legio VII was the first legion Julius Caesar raised for his campaigns in Cisalpine Gaul. In Caesar's account of the battle against the Nervians, it seems that it was employed during the expedition through western Gaul led by Caesar's deputy Crassus. In 56 BC, the Seventh was present during the Venetic campaign. During the crisis caused by Vercingetorix, it fought in the neighbourhood of Lutetia; it must have been active at Alesia and it was certainly involved in the mopping-up operations among the Bellovaci. Legio VII was one of the two legions used in Caesar's invasions of Britain in 55-54 BC, and played a crucial role in the Battle of Pharsalus in 48 BC. At one point Caesar's Legio VII was disbanded, and its veterans settled at Capua. However, Octavian had need of soldiers and recalled its members to service to fight in the Battle of Mutina.Parker, ''Roman Legi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legio IV Flavia Felix
Legio IV Flavia Felix ("Lucky Flavian Fourth Legion"), was a Roman legion, legion of the Imperial Roman army founded in AD 70 by the emperor Vespasian (r. 69–79) from the Cadre (military), cadre of the disbanded Legio IV Macedonica, Legio IV ''Macedonica''. The legion was active in Moesia, Moesia Superior in the first half of the 5th century. The legion symbol was a Leo (astrology), lion. History During the Batavian rebellion, the IV ''Macedonica'' fought for Vespasian, but the emperor distrusted his men, probably because they had supported Vitellius year of the four emperors, two years before. Therefore IV ''Macedonica'' was disbanded, and a new Fourth legion, called ''Flavian Felix'' was levied by the emperor, who gave the legio his Roman naming conventions, nomen, ''Flavius, Flavia''. Since the symbol of the legion is a lion, it was probably levied in July/August 70. IV ''Flavia Felix'' was camped in ''Burnum'', Dalmatia (Roman province), Dalmatia (modern Kistanje), where ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legio II Adiutrix
Legio II Adiutrix ("Second Legion, the Rescuer") was a Roman legion, legion of the Imperial Roman army founded in AD 70 by the emperor Vespasian (r. 69–79), originally composed of Roman navy marines of the ''classis Ravennatis''. There are still records of II ''Adiutrix'' in the Rhine border in the beginning of the 4th century. The legion's symbols were a Capricorn (astrology), Capricorn and Pegasus. History The first assignment of II ''Adiutrix'' was in Germania Inferior, where the Batavian rebellion was at its peak. After the defeat of the rebels, II ''Adiutrix'' followed general Quintus Petillius Cerialis to UK, Britain to deal with another rebellion led by Venutius. During the next years, the legion was to stay in the British Islands to subdue the rebel tribes of Scotland and Wales, with base camp probably at Deva Victrix, Chester. In 87, the legion was recalled to the continent to participate in the Dacian wars of emperor Domitian. Between 94 and 95, still in Dacia, later ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legio X Fretensis
Legio X Fretensis ("Tenth legion of the Strait") was a legion of the Imperial Roman army. It was founded by the young Gaius Octavius (later to become Augustus Caesar) in 41/40 BC to fight during the period of civil war that started the dissolution of the Roman Republic. X ''Fretensis'' is then recorded to have existed at least until the 410s. X ''Fretensis'' symbols were the bull — the holy animal of the goddess Venus (mythical ancestor of the gens Julia) — a ship (probably a reference to the Battles of Naulochus and/or Actium), the god Neptune, and a boar. The symbol of Taurus may also mean that it was organized between 20 April and 20 May. History Aelius Gallus' expedition In 26 BC, the Legio under Aelius Gallus was ordered by Augustus to undertake a military expedition to Arabia Felix, where Gallus was to either conclude treaties making the Arabian people foederati (i.e. client states), or to subdue them if they resisted. According to Theodor Mommsen, Aelius Gall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legio IV Scythica
Legio IV Scythica ("Scythian Fourth Legion"), also written as Legio IIII ''Scythica'', was a legion of the Imperial Roman army founded in by the Roman general Mark Antony, for his campaign against the Parthian Empire, hence its other ''cognomen'', ''Parthica''. The legion was still active in the Roman province of Syria in the early 5th century. Origins and service during the Roman Republic The Legio IV ''Scythica'' was founded by the Roman general Mark Antony after 42 BC. It is unknown where the legion was first stationed, although Syria is a possibility. If that is the case, the legion most likely took part in Mark Antony's campaign against the Parthians. The name ''Scythica'' implies that it fought the Scythians. The Scythians were a group of nomadic tribes located near a Roman city named Olbia. The Scythians also occasionally tried to cross the Danube. This makes it very likely the Legion defeated one of the Scythian tribes in a battle. Service under the Roman Empire ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legio XII Fulminata
Legio XII Fulminata ("Thunderbolt Twelfth Legion"), also known as ''Paterna'', ''Victrix'', ''Antiqua'', ''Certa Constans'', and ''Galliena'', was a legion of the Imperial Roman army. It was originally levied by Julius Caesar in 58 BC, and the legion accompanied him during the Gallic Wars until 49 BC. The unit was still guarding the Euphrates River crossing near Melitene at the beginning of the 5th century. The legion's emblem was a thunderbolt (on a shield '' fulmen''). In later centuries it came to be called commonly, but incorrectly, the ''Legio Fulminatrix'', the Thundering Legion. History Under the Republic The Twelfth legion, as it is perhaps better known, fought in the Battle against the Nervians, and probably also in the Siege of Alesia. The Twelfth fought at the Battle of Pharsalus (48 BC), when Caesar defeated Pompey. After Caesar won the civil war, the legion was named ''Victrix'', and enlisted in 43 BC by Lepidus and Mark Antony. Mark Antony led the Twelfth, rena ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
