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Tour Total
Tour Total (previously known as Tour Elf from 1985 to 1999, then Tour TotalFinaElf from 1999 to 2003) is an office skyscraper located in La Défense, Courbevoie, the high-rise business district west of and adjacent to the city of Paris, France, designed in the Modern architectural style. The building now serves as headquarters for TotalEnergies, one of the six "Supermajor" oil companies in the world. Completed and opened in 1985, it is the third-tallest skyscraper in La Défense and the fourth-tallest skyscraper in the Paris area, after the Tour First and the Tour Montparnasse. Tour Total is 190 m (623 ft) tall; a three-metre (9 ft) long antenna is located on its roof, which is 187 m (614 ft) above the ground. The site on which the Tour Total was built was initially reserved for a skyscraper which would have been a twin tower to Tour Areva, but the oil shock of 1974 forced the investors to cancel their project. Tour Total is one of La Défense's third g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
La Défense
La Défense () is a major business district in France, located west of the city limits of Paris. It is part of the Paris metropolitan area in the Île-de-France region, located in the department of Hauts-de-Seine in the communes of Courbevoie, La Garenne-Colombes, Nanterre, and Puteaux. La Défense is Europe's largest purpose-built business district, covering , for 180,000 daily workers, with 72 glass and steel buildings (of which 19 are completed skyscrapers), and of office space. Around its Grande Arche and esplanade ("le Parvis"), La Défense contains many of the Paris urban area's tallest high-rises. Les Quatre Temps, a large shopping mall in La Défense, has 220 stores, 48 restaurants and a 24-screen movie theatre. The district is located at the westernmost extremity of the ''Axe historique'' ("historical axis") of Paris, which starts at the Louvre in Central Paris and continues along the Champs-Élysées, well beyond the Arc de Triomphe along the Avenue de la Grande A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tour Montparnasse
Tour Maine-Montparnasse (Maine-Montparnasse Tower), also commonly named Tour Montparnasse, is a office skyscraper located in the Montparnasse area of Paris, France. Constructed from 1969 to 1973, it was the tallest skyscraper in France until 2011, when it was surpassed by the Tour First. It remains the tallest building in Paris outside the La Défense business district. , it is the 14th tallest building in the European Union. The tower was designed by architects Eugène Beaudouin, Urbain Cassan, and Louis Hoym de Marien and built by Campenon Bernard. On 21 September 2017, Nouvelle AOM won a competition to redesign the building's facade. Description Built on top of the Montparnasse–Bienvenüe Paris Métro station, the building has 59 floors. The 56th floor, 200 metres (600') from the ground, is home to Paris Montparnasse, an observation deck owned by Magnicity, a French company which also operates the Berlin TV Tower in Berlin and 360 CHICAGO at the former John Hancock C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Office Buildings Completed In 1985
An office is a space where an organization's employees perform administrative work in order to support and realize objects and goals of the organization. The word "office" may also denote a position within an organization with specific duties attached to it (see officer, office-holder, official); the latter is in fact an earlier usage, office as place originally referring to the location of one's duty. When used as an adjective, the term "office" may refer to business-related tasks. In law, a company or organization has offices in any place where it has an official presence, even if that presence consists of (for example) a storage silo rather than an establishment with desk-and-chair. An office is also an architectural and design phenomenon: ranging from a small office such as a bench in the corner of a small business of extremely small size (see small office/home office), through entire floors of buildings, up to and including massive buildings dedicated entirely to one c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Skyscraper Office Buildings In France
A skyscraper is a tall continuously habitable building having multiple floors. Modern sources currently define skyscrapers as being at least or in height, though there is no universally accepted definition. Skyscrapers are very tall high-rise buildings. Historically, the term first referred to buildings with between 10 and 20 stories when these types of buildings began to be constructed in the 1880s. Skyscrapers may host offices, hotels, residential spaces, and retail spaces. One common feature of skyscrapers is having a steel frame that supports curtain walls. These curtain walls either bear on the framework below or are suspended from the framework above, rather than resting on load-bearing walls of conventional construction. Some early skyscrapers have a steel frame that enables the construction of load-bearing walls taller than of those made of reinforced concrete. Modern skyscrapers' walls are not load-bearing, and most skyscrapers are characterised by large surface ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Tallest Structures In Paris
The tallest structure in the City of Paris and the Île-de-France remains the Eiffel Tower in the 7th arrondissement, 300 meters high ''(or 330 m including the broadcasting antenna at its top)'', completed in 1889 as the gateway to the 1889 Paris Universal Exposition. The tallest building in the Paris region is the Tour First, at 231 meters, located in La Defense. It is tied for ninth place among the tallest buildings in the European Union. The tallest building within the city limits of Paris is the Tour Montparnasse, 210 meters high. Tallest buildings and structures The Paris region has three of the tallest twenty-five building in the European Union; the Tour First, the Tour Hekla, and the Tour Montparnasse. As of 2022, there are 23 skyscrapers that reach a roof height of at least . Most of the Paris region's high-rise buildings are located in three distinct areas: :* La Défense, located just west of the City of Paris in the département of the ''Hauts-de-Seine''. Eight of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Skyscraper
A skyscraper is a tall continuously habitable building having multiple floors. Modern sources currently define skyscrapers as being at least or in height, though there is no universally accepted definition. Skyscrapers are very tall high-rise buildings. Historically, the term first referred to buildings with between 10 and 20 stories when these types of buildings began to be constructed in the 1880s. Skyscrapers may host offices, hotels, residential spaces, and retail spaces. One common feature of skyscrapers is having a steel frame that supports curtain walls. These curtain walls either bear on the framework below or are suspended from the framework above, rather than resting on load-bearing walls of conventional construction. Some early skyscrapers have a steel frame that enables the construction of load-bearing walls taller than of those made of reinforced concrete. Modern skyscrapers' walls are not load-bearing, and most skyscrapers are characterised by large surface ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tour AXA
Tour or Tours may refer to: Travel * Tourism, travel for pleasure * Tour of duty, a period of time spent in military service * Campus tour, a journey through a college or university's campus * Guided tour, a journey through a location, directed by a guide * Walking tour, a visit of a historical or cultural site undertaken on foot Entertainment * Concert tour, a series of concerts by an artist or group of artists in different locations * Touring theatre, independent theatre that travels to different venues Sports * Professional golf tours, otherwise unconnected professional golf tournaments * Tennis tour, tennis played in tournament format at a series of venues * Events in various sports named the Pro Tour (other) * Tour de France ('), the world's biggest bicycle race Places * Tour-de-Faure, Lot, France * Tour-en-Bessin, Calvados, France * Tour-en-Sologne, Loir-et-Cher, France * Tours, Indre-et-Loire, France * Tours-en-Savoie, Savoie, France * Tours-en-Vimeu, Somme, Fra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tour Gan
Tour CB21, formerly Tour Gan, is an office skyscraper located in La Défense, the high-rise business district situated west of Paris, France. It was designed by celebrated American architect Max Abramovitz. Built from 1972 to 1974, the tower is 179 m (587 ft) tall at roof height. However, it reaches 187 m (614 ft) once including the antenna located on the roof. It is the fourth-tallest skyscraper in La Défense after Tour First, Tour Total and Tour Areva. Its ground shape is in the form of a Greek cross. In 1972, during construction, a protest campaign opposed the building of Tour Gan. Protesters demanded a reduction in height. However, the tower was completed at the planned height. Today, the main tenants are Suez Environnement and AIG France. The structure is owned by Fonciere des Regions. See also * Skyscraper * La Défense * List of tallest structures in Paris The tallest structure in the City of Paris and the Île-de-France remains the Eiffel T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tour Areva
Tour Areva (previously known as Tour Framatome and Tour Fiat) is an office skyscraper designed by global architects SOM and located in La Défense, a high-rise business district, and in the commune of Courbevoie, France, west of Paris. Built in 1974, the tower is 184 m (604 feet) tall. Tour Areva is entirely black; its cladding is made of dark granite and darkened windows. Its shape is that of a perfect square prism. It is said that its architects were inspired by the black monolith in Stanley Kubrick's film '' 2001: A Space Odyssey''. The site where the tower was built was codenamed CB1 in La Défense initial master plan. A twin tower of Tour Areva was initially planned at the current location of the Tour Total, but was cancelled due to the 1973 oil crisis. See also * List of tallest structures in Paris The tallest structure in the City of Paris and the Île-de-France remains the Eiffel Tower in the 7th arrondissement, 300 meters high ''(or 330 m including the broa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tour First
Tour First (previously known as Tour UAP between 1974–1998, and as Tour Axa between 1998–2007) is an office skyscraper in Courbevoie, in La Défense, the business district of the Paris aire urbaine, metropolitan area. The tower was built in 1974 by Bouygues for the UAP insurance company. The building was at that time. Its ground shape was in the form of a three-pointed star whose branches were separated each by a 120° angle. This particular shape was chosen to symbolize the merger of the three French insurance companies that were at the origin of UAP. The tower was renamed Tour Axa when UAP was bought by the Axa insurance company in 1996. Large-scale renovation of the tower began in 2007 and was completed in 2011. The exterior appearance of the building was completely changed, with extra height added to the tower. The renovated tower, now known as Tour First, is at roof height, and including its spire, with a total floor space of . It is currently the tallest skyscraper ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Courbevoie
Courbevoie () is a commune located in the Hauts-de-Seine Department of the Île-de-France region of France. It is in the suburbs of the city of Paris, from the center of Paris. The centre of Courbevoie is situated from the city limits of Paris. La Défense, a business district hosting the tallest buildings in the metropolitan area, spreads over the southern part of Courbevoie (as well as parts of Puteaux and Nanterre). Name The name Courbevoie comes from Latin ''Curva Via'' and means "curved highway", allegedly in reference to a Roman road from Paris to Normandy that made a sharp turn to climb the hill over which Courbevoie was built. Administration Courbevoie is divided into two cantons: Canton of Courbevoie-1 and Canton of Courbevoie-2. History A wooden bridge was built crossing the Seine at Courbevoie by order of King Henry IV when in 1606 his royal coach fell into the river while being transported by ferry. Rebuilt in stone during the eighteenth century, this w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Supermajor
Big Oil is a name used to describe the world's six or seven largest publicly traded and investor-owned oil and gas companies, also known as supermajors. The term, particularly in the United States, emphasizes their economic power and influence on politics. Big Oil is often associated with the fossil fuels lobby and also used to refer to the industry as a whole in a pejorative or derogatory manner. Sources conflict on the exact makeup of Big Oil today, though the companies which are most frequently mentioned as supermajors are ExxonMobil, Chevron, BP, Shell, Eni and TotalEnergies, with ConocoPhillips frequently being included as well prior to spinning off its downstream operations into Phillips 66.The phrase "Super-Major" emanated from a report published by Douglas Terreson of Morgan Stanley in February 1998. The report foretold a substantial consolidation phase of "Major" Oil companies which would result in a group of dominant "Super-Major" entities. Big Oil previously refer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
