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Torre Negra
Torre Negra is a 12th-century fort built in 1145 in Catalonia Catalonia (; ca, Catalunya ; Aranese Occitan: ''Catalonha'' ; es, Cataluña ) is an autonomous community of Spain, designated as a '' nationality'' by its Statute of Autonomy. Most of the territory (except the Val d'Aran) lies on the nort ..., to defend the territories of Sant Cugat. Torre Negra is a fortified building built in a strategic defensive position. The fort consists of three floors and an observation platform with arrow and cannon windows on some angles. Most of the structure is made of stone and most the windows have iron bars. History The fort has its origins in 1455 when a strategist from the Monastery of Sant Cugat (Monestir de Sant Cugat) commissioned it as a point of defense in case of an invasion. The first owners were the Vilanova family who were one of the founders of the Monastery. The tower was only used in minor conflicts in 1455 and has for the most part been owned by private owner ...
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Catalonia
Catalonia (; ca, Catalunya ; Aranese Occitan: ''Catalonha'' ; es, Cataluña ) is an autonomous community of Spain, designated as a '' nationality'' by its Statute of Autonomy. Most of the territory (except the Val d'Aran) lies on the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula, to the south of the Pyrenees mountain range. Catalonia is administratively divided into four provinces: Barcelona, Girona, Lleida, and Tarragona. The capital and largest city, Barcelona is the second-most populated municipality in Spain and the fifth-most populous urban area in the European Union. > > > ''Catalonia'' theoretically derived. During the Middle Ages, Byzantine chroniclers claimed that ''Catalania'' derives from the local medley of Goths with Alans, initially constituting a ''Goth-Alania''. Other theories suggest: *''Catalunya'' derives from the term "land of castles", having evolved from the term ''castlà'' or ''castlan'', the medieval term for a castellan (a ruler of a castle). ...
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Sant Cugat Del Vallès
Sant Cugat del Vallès (; es, San Cugat del Vallés, link=no) is a town and municipality north of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Known as ''Castrum Octavianum'' in antiquity (which literally means ''the castle of Octavianus'') and as ''Pins del Vallès'' during the Second Spanish Republic, it is named after Saint Cucuphas, who is said to have been martyred on the spot now occupied by its medieval monastery. The final part of its toponym, ''del Vallès'', is a reference to the historical county where the town is situated, Vallès. Description In addition to the monastery, the town's other notable buildings include the School of Architecture of the Vallès and the Centre d'Alt Rendiment (CAR, translit. High Performance Centre), a famous centre for professional sport training. Sant Cugat has become an affluent suburb of Barcelona due to its location (only 20 kilometres from the city), its natural surroundings, and its pedestrian shopping area. Sant Cugat also offers restaurant ...
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Monastery Of Sant Cugat
The Monastery of Sant Cugat ( ca, Monestir de Sant Cugat, es, Monasterio de San Cugat del Vallés) is a Benedictine abbey in Sant Cugat del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain. Founded in the ninth century, and under construction until the 14th century, it was the most important monastery in the county of Barcelona. Its most notable architectural feature is its large Romanesque cloister. History The monastery's origins date back to the ninth century, when it was decided to unite the fifth century church housing the remains of St. Cucuphas (Catalan: ''Sant Cugat'') with an annexed fortification. The monastery started to expand its holdings from the 10th century onwards. In the year 985, it was damaged by an attack of Muslim troops led by al-Mansur Ibn Abi Aamir, who then repaired it and added the minaret, which remains the highest point of the complex today. In the late 11th century, count Ramon Berenguer II of Barcelona decreed that the monastery would be subject to St Ponce de Tomier ...
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Vilanova Family
Vilanova may refer to: People *Amanda Vilanova (born 1991), Puerto Rican beauty pageant title holder * Francisco Machón Vilanova, Salvadoran novelist * Galcerand de Vilanova, Bishop of Urgel and Co-Prince of Andorra * João Batista Vilanova Artigas (1912-1985), Brazilian architect *Marc Bertrán Vilanova (born 1982), Spanish footballer *Sandra Vilanova (born 1981), Spanish footballer *Tito Vilanova (1968-2014), Spanish footballer and manager * Xavier Vilanova i Montiu (1902-1965), Catalan dermatologist Places Brazil * Fazenda Vilanova, municipality in the state Rio Grande do Sul Spain Asturias *Villanueva de Oscos, (Galician-Asturian: Vilanova d'Ozcos) municipality in the comarca of Eo-Navia Catalonia * Vilanova d'Escornalbou, village in the province of Tarragona *Vilanova de Bellpuig, village in the province of Lleida * Vilanova de l'Aguda, municipality in the province of Lleida *Vilanova de Meià, municipality in the province of Lleida *Vilanova de Prades, municipality in the ...
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Council Of Sant Cugat
A council is a group of people who come together to consult, deliberate, or make decisions. A council may function as a legislature, especially at a town, city or county/ shire level, but most legislative bodies at the state/provincial or national level are not considered councils. At such levels, there may be no separate executive branch, and the council may effectively represent the entire government. A board of directors might also be denoted as a council. A committee might also be denoted as a council, though a committee is generally a subordinate body composed of members of a larger body, while a council may not be. Because many schools have a student council, the council is the form of governance with which many people are likely to have their first experience as electors or participants. A member of a council may be referred to as a councillor or councilperson, or by the gender-specific titles of councilman and councilwoman. In politics Notable examples of types of ...
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1145 Establishments In Europe
Year 1145 ( MCXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Levant * Spring – Seljuk forces led by Imad al-Din Zengi capture Saruj, the second great Crusader fortress east of the Euphrates. They advance to Birejik and besiege the city, but the garrison puts up a stiff resistance. Meanwhile, Queen-Regent Melisende of Jerusalem joins forces with Joscelin II, count of Edessa and approaches the city. Zengi raises the siege after hearing rumours of trouble in Mosul. He rushes back with his army to take control. There, Zengi is praised throughout Islam as "defender of the faith" and ''al-Malik al-Mansur'', the "victorious king". * Raymond of Poitiers, prince of Antioch, travels to Constantinople to ask Emperor Manuel I (Komnenos) for help to support his campaign against the Seljuks. When he arrives, Raymond is forced to accept the suzerainty of the Byzantine Empire. Manuel treats him graciously ...
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Buildings And Structures In The Province Of Barcelona
A building, or edifice, is an enclosed structure with a roof and walls standing more or less permanently in one place, such as a house or factory (although there's also portable buildings). Buildings come in a variety of sizes, shapes, and functions, and have been adapted throughout history for a wide number of factors, from building materials available, to weather conditions, land prices, ground conditions, specific uses, prestige, and aesthetic reasons. To better understand the term ''building'' compare the list of nonbuilding structures. Buildings serve several societal needs – primarily as shelter from weather, security, living space, privacy, to store belongings, and to comfortably live and work. A building as a shelter represents a physical division of the human habitat (a place of comfort and safety) and the ''outside'' (a place that at times may be harsh and harmful). Ever since the first cave paintings, buildings have also become objects or canvasses of much artis ...
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Forts In Spain
A fortification is a military construction or building designed for the defense of territories in warfare, and is also used to establish rule in a region during peacetime. The term is derived from Latin ''fortis'' ("strong") and ''facere'' ("to make"). From very early history to modern times, defensive walls have often been necessary for cities to survive in an ever-changing world of invasion and conquest. Some settlements in the Indus Valley civilization were the first small cities to be fortified. In ancient Greece, large stone walls had been built in Mycenaean Greece, such as the ancient site of Mycenae (famous for the huge stone blocks of its 'cyclopean' walls). A Greek '' phrourion'' was a fortified collection of buildings used as a military garrison, and is the equivalent of the Roman castellum or English fortress. These constructions mainly served the purpose of a watch tower, to guard certain roads, passes, and borders. Though smaller than a real fortress, they ...
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