Toretocnemidae
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Toretocnemidae
The Toretocnemidae were a group of ichthyosaurs that lived in the Late Triassic The Late Triassic is the third and final epoch (geology), epoch of the Triassic geologic time scale, Period in the geologic time scale, spanning the time between annum, Ma and Ma (million years ago). It is preceded by the Middle Triassic Epoch ... period. References *Maisch, M.W. and Matzke, A.T., 2000, "The Ichthyosauria", ''Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde Series B (Geologie und Paläontologie)'', 298: 1-159 Late Triassic ichthyosaurs Prehistoric reptile families {{triassic-reptile-stub ...
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Toretocnemus
''Toretocnemus'' is an extinct genus of ichthyosaur. Its remains have been found in California, United States, in Triassic layers of the Carnian Hosselkus Limestone. History of research The specimen that would eventually be cataloged as UCMP 8100 was found along the Pit River in Shasta County, California, by Annie Montague Alexander. While much of the specimen had been lost to erosion, many elements were still preserved, namely some skull fragments, around 30 vertebrae, including some dorsal (trunk) vertebrae, but being mostly represented by frontwards caudal (tail) vertebrae, a large number of ribs, the pelvis, the right forelimb, and both the left and right hindlimbs. Another specimen, UCMP 8099, was also found by Alexander in Shasta County. This one was uncovered on a ranch and consists of a partial skull, various incomplete vertebrae, poorly-preserved ribs, gastralia (belly ribs), the shoulder girdle, forelimbs, and a partial hindlimb. Both of these specimens came form the ...
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Ichthyosaurs
Ichthyosaurs (Ancient Greek for "fish lizard" – and ) are large extinct marine reptiles. Ichthyosaurs belong to the order known as Ichthyosauria or Ichthyopterygia ('fish flippers' – a designation introduced by Sir Richard Owen in 1842, although the term is now used more for the parent clade of the Ichthyosauria). Ichthyosaurs thrived during much of the Mesozoic era; based on fossil evidence, they first appeared around 250 million years ago ( Ma) and at least one species survived until about 90 million years ago, into the Late Cretaceous. During the Early Triassic epoch, ichthyosaurs and other ichthyosauromorphs evolved from a group of unidentified land reptiles that returned to the sea, in a development similar to how the mammalian land-dwelling ancestors of modern-day dolphins and whales returned to the sea millions of years later, which they gradually came to resemble in a case of convergent evolution. Ichthyosaurs were particularly abundant in the Late Triass ...
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Qianichthyosaurus
''Qianichthyosaurus'' is an extinct genus of ichthyosaur from the Ladinian and Carnian stages of the Late Triassic epoch. Its fossils have been found in southeastern China, in Carnian rocks of the Falang Formation near Huangtutang, Guizhou. The type species is ''Qianichthyosaurus zhoui'', named by Chun Li in 1999. A second species, ''Qianichthyosaurus xingyiensis'', was named from older (Ladinian) deposits in the Falang Formation in 2013 by Pengfei Yang and colleagues. Complete ''Qianichthyosaurus'' fossils are common in the Xiaowa Formation, with both juveniles and pregnant specimens being known; its larger contemporaries, '' Guizhouichthyosaurus'' and '' Guanlingsaurus'', are rarer. ''Qianichthyosaurus'' was a small ichthyosaur, with the type species ''Q. zhoui'' measuring long and weighing ; ''Q. xingyiensis'' was much smaller, measuring long and weighing . Both species had short, pointed snouts, small teeth, and hind flippers that were nearly as long as the front flippers ...
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Late Triassic
The Late Triassic is the third and final epoch (geology), epoch of the Triassic geologic time scale, Period in the geologic time scale, spanning the time between annum, Ma and Ma (million years ago). It is preceded by the Middle Triassic Epoch and followed by the Early Jurassic Epoch. The corresponding series (stratigraphy), series of rock beds is known as the Upper Triassic. The Late Triassic is divided into the Carnian, Norian and Rhaetian Geologic time scale, Ages. Many of the first dinosaurs evolved during the Late Triassic, including ''Plateosaurus'', ''Coelophysis'', and ''Eoraptor''. The Triassic–Jurassic extinction event began during this epoch and is one of the five major mass extinction events of the Earth. Etymology The Triassic was named in 1834 by Friedrich August von Namoh, Friedrich von Alberti, after a succession of three distinct rock layers (Greek meaning 'triad') that are widespread in southern Germany: the lower Buntsandstein (colourful sandstone'')'', t ...
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Late Triassic Ichthyosaurs
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