Torda (Žitište)
Torda may refer to: ;Localities in Romania: *''Torda'', a Hungarian name for Turda, a city and municipality in Cluj County *Tordai-hasadék, a Hungarian name for Cheile Turzii, a natural reserve near Turda ;Localities in Serbia: * Torda (Žitište), a village near Žitište, Vojvodina, Serbia ;History: * Decree of Torda (14th century) *Edict of Torda (1568) *Maros-Torda County, former county of the Kingdom of Hungary *Torda-Aranyos County, former county of the Kingdom of Hungary *Torda County Torda County (german: Komitat Torda,Fallenbüchl 1994, p. 153. hu, Torda vármegye, la, comitatus Thordensis) was a county in Transylvania between the 11th century and 1876. History Kingdom of Hungary Counties (districts formed around royal for ...

Turda
Turda (; hu, Torda, ; german: link=no, Thorenburg; la, Potaissa) is a city in Cluj County, Transylvania, Romania. It is located in the southeastern part of the county, from the county seat, Cluj-Napoca, to which it is connected by the European route E81, and from nearby Câmpia Turzii. The city consists of three neighborhoods: Turda Veche, Turda Nouă, and Oprișani. It is traversed from west to east by the Arieș River and north to south by its tributary, Valea Racilor. History Ancient times There is evidence of human settlement in the area dating to the Middle Paleolithic, some 60,000 years ago. The Dacians established a town that Ptolemy in his ''Geography'' calls ''Patreuissa'', which is probably a corruption of ''Patavissa'' or ''Potaissa'', the latter being more common. It was conquered by the Romans, who kept the name ''Potaissa'', between AD 101 and 106, during the rule of Trajan, together with parts of Decebal's Dacia. The name Potaissa is first recorded ...
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Cheile Turzii
Turda Gorge ( ro, Cheile Turzii, hu, Tordai-hasadék) is a natural reserve (on Hășdate River) situated 6 km west of Turda and about 15 km south-east of Cluj-Napoca, in Transylvania, Romania. Geography The canyon, formed through the erosion of the Jurassic limestone of the mountain, is 2 900 m longVioleta Nicula, p. 64 and the walls have heights reaching 300 m. The total surface of the canyon is of 324 ha. Cheile Turzii contain one of the richest and most scenic karst landscapes in Romania. More than 1000 plant and animal species (some of them rare or endangered, like the wild garlic or some species of eagle) live here. History The site has been inhabited since the neolithic. Flora More than 1,000 plant species can be found in the reservation, including Allium obliquum, Dianthus integripetalus, Viola jobi. Fauna 67 species of birds, butterflies (Eublema, Heterogynis, Dysauxes, Phybalopterix etc.) fish, amphibians and some mammals (foxes, weasels ...
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Torda (Žitište)
Torda may refer to: ;Localities in Romania: *''Torda'', a Hungarian name for Turda, a city and municipality in Cluj County *Tordai-hasadék, a Hungarian name for Cheile Turzii, a natural reserve near Turda ;Localities in Serbia: * Torda (Žitište), a village near Žitište, Vojvodina, Serbia ;History: * Decree of Torda (14th century) *Edict of Torda (1568) *Maros-Torda County, former county of the Kingdom of Hungary *Torda-Aranyos County, former county of the Kingdom of Hungary *Torda County Torda County (german: Komitat Torda,Fallenbüchl 1994, p. 153. hu, Torda vármegye, la, comitatus Thordensis) was a county in Transylvania between the 11th century and 1876. History Kingdom of Hungary Counties (districts formed around royal for ...

Decree Of Turda
The Decree of Turda was a 14th century decree by Louis I Anjou of Hungary that granted special privileges to the Transylvanian noblemen. Background King Louis I of Hungary stayed in Transylvania for six monthsfrom October to Aprilin 1366. On 28 June 1366, while residing in Torda (present-day Turda), the monarch issued a decree at the request of the Transylvanian noblemen. The latter had informed the King that they "have been suffering, day by day, many troubles because of the evil arts of many malefactors, especially Romanians, ...because of their way of being and their disorderly behaviour". The royal decree granted special privileges to the Transylvanian noblemen "in order to exterminate or remove, from this country, malefactors belonging to any nation. For this purpose, the decree determines the rules of the legal procedure. On 28 June 1366, while residing in the Transylvanian town of Torda (present-day Turda), Louis enacted a decree to reinforce law and order, regulating some ...
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Edict Of Torda
The Edict of Torda ( hu, tordai ediktum, ro, Edictul de la Turda, german: Edikt von Torda) was a decree that authorized local communities to freely elect their preachers in the Eastern Hungarian Kingdom of John Sigismund Zápolya. The delegates of the Three Nations of Transylvaniathe Hungarian nobles, Transylvanian Saxons, and Székelysadopted it at the request of the monarch's Antitrinitarian court preacher, Ferenc Dávid, in Torda ( ro, Turda, german: Thorenburg) on 28January 1568. Though it did not acknowledge an individual's right to religious freedom, in sanctioning the existence of a radical Christian religion in a European state, the decree was an unprecedented act of religious tolerance. The Catholic and Orthodox Churches had coexisted in the southern and eastern territories of the medieval Kingdom of Hungary for centuries. However, ideas that the Catholic Church regarded as heresy were not tolerated: the Hungarian Hussites were expelled from the country in the 1430s a ...
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Maros-Torda County
Maros-Torda was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in central Romania (eastern Transylvania) and has been administratively succeeded by county Mureș which consist of about half the territory of the previous Maros-Torda administrative county. Its county seat was Marosvásárhely (present-day Târgu Mureș). Geography Maros-Torda county shared borders with the Hungarian counties Kolozs, Beszterce-Naszód, Csík, Udvarhely, Kis-Küküllő and Torda-Aranyos. The river Mureș flowed through the county. Its area was 4,188 km2 around 1910. History Maros-Torda county was formed in 1876 on the territory of the Székely seat of Marosszék and part of Torda County. In 1920, after the Treaty of Trianon, the county became part of Romania, except after the Second Vienna Award, between 1940 until the end of World War II, when much of the county's territory was awarded to Hungary. Today, its territory lies in the present (larger) ...
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Torda-Aranyos County
Torda-Aranyos was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in central Romania (central Transylvania). The capital of the county was Torda (present-day Turda). Geography Torda-Aranyos county shared borders with the Hungarian counties Arad, Bihar, Kolozs, Maros-Torda, Kis-Küküllő, Alsó-Fehér and Hunyad. The rivers Mureș and Arieș flowed through the county. Its area was 3,514 km2 around 1910. History Torda-Aranyos county was formed in 1876, when the western part of the Torda County and the Székely seat of Aranyosszék (plus small parts of Alsó-Fehér County) were united. In 1920, by the Treaty of Trianon, the county became part of Romania. Its territory lies in the present Romanian counties of Cluj (the north, including Turda), Alba (the south and west) and Mureș (the east). Demographics Subdivisions In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Torda-Aranyos county were: See also * Torda County Torda C ...
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