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Tongtianguanfu
Tongtianguanfu () is a form of court attire in hanfu which was worn by the Emperor during the Song dynasty on very important occasions, such as grand court sessions and during major title-granting ceremonies.It was also worn in the Jin dynasty Emperors when the apparel system of the Song dynasty was imitated and formed their own carriages and apparel system, and in the Ming dynasty. The tongtianguanfu was composed of a red outer robe, a white inner robe, a bixi, and a guan called tongtianguan, and a neck accessory called fangxin quling. Terminology The term ''tongtian'' means "direct links with heaven". Composition and construction The ''tongtianguanfu'' is composed of: The gauze outer robe (paofu), called ''jiangshapao'' (). It was crimson in colour with patterns of clouds and dragons embroidery which was gold and red in colours. There were black borders stitched to the collar, sleeves, lapels and hems of the crimson outer robe. The crimson outer robe was worn with a red ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Han Chinese Clothing
''Hanfu'' () is the traditional styles of clothing worn by the Han Chinese. There are several representative styles of ''hanfu'', such as the (an upper-body garment with a long outer skirt), the (an upper-body garment with a long underskirt), the and the , and the (an upper-body garment with ku trousers). Traditionally, ''hanfu'' consists of a ''paofu'' robe, or a ''ru'' jacket worn as the upper garment with a ''qun'' skirt commonly worn as the lower garment. In addition to clothing, hanfu also includes several forms of accessories, such as headwear, footwear, belts, jewellery, and handheld fans. Nowadays, the hanfu is gaining recognition as the traditional clothing of the Han ethnic group, and has experienced a growing fashion revival among young Han Chinese people in China and in the overseas Chinese diaspora. After the Han dynasty, ''hanfu'' developed into a variety of styles using fabrics that encompassed a number of complex textile production techniques, parti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hanfu
''Hanfu'' () is the traditional styles of clothing worn by the Han Chinese. There are several representative styles of ''hanfu'', such as the (an upper-body garment with a long outer skirt), the (an upper-body garment with a long underskirt), the and the , and the (an upper-body garment with ku trousers). Traditionally, ''hanfu'' consists of a ''paofu'' robe, or a ''ru'' jacket worn as the upper garment with a ''qun'' skirt commonly worn as the lower garment. In addition to clothing, hanfu also includes several forms of accessories, such as headwear, footwear, belts, jewellery, and handheld fans. Nowadays, the hanfu is gaining recognition as the traditional clothing of the Han ethnic group, and has experienced a growing fashion revival among young Han Chinese people in China and in the overseas Chinese diaspora. After the Han dynasty, ''hanfu'' developed into a variety of styles using fabrics that encompassed a number of complex textile production techniques, part ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guan (headwear)
Guan (), literally translated as hat or cap or crown in English, is a general term which refers to a type of headwear in Hanfu which covers a small area of the upper part of the head instead of the entire head. The was typically a formal form of headwear which was worn together with its corresponding court dress attire. There were sumptuary laws which regulated the wearing of ; however, these laws were not fixed; and thus, they would differ from dynasty to dynasty. There were various forms and types of . Cultural significance and symbolism In ancient China, there were various forms of headwear, which included (), (), (), (), and (). The code of wearing forms a crucial aspect of the Hanfu system. In ancient China, Han Chinese men had to undergo a capping ceremony called as their coming of age ceremony where a guan was placed on their head by a respected elder. The started by the nobles of the Zhou dynasty and eventually spread to the civilians. The was eventually force ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Han Chinese Clothing
A list of Hanfu, the historical clothing of the Han Chinese, in category of different clothing style. This page also addresses provides a list of garments. Informal wear Types include tops and bottoms, long skirt, and one-piece robes that wrap around the body once or several times (shenyi). ''Zhongyi'' (中衣), which is usually the inner garment much like a Western T-shirt and pants, can be wear along in casual. The typical set of informal wear consists of two or three layers. The first layer is mostly ''zhongyi'' (中衣). The next layer is the main layer which is mostly closed at the front. There can be an optional third layer which is often an overcoat called a ''zhaoshan'' which is open at the front. For footwear, white socks and black cloth shoes (with white soles) are the norm. But in the past, shoes may have a front face panel attached to the tip of the shoes. Semi-formal wear Generally, this form of wear is suitable for meeting guests or going to meetings and othe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Song Dynasty
The Song dynasty (; ; 960–1279) was an imperial dynasty of China that began in 960 and lasted until 1279. The dynasty was founded by Emperor Taizu of Song following his usurpation of the throne of the Later Zhou. The Song conquered the rest of the Ten Kingdoms, ending the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. The Song often came into conflict with the contemporaneous Liao, Western Xia and Jin dynasties in northern China. After retreating to southern China, the Song was eventually conquered by the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The dynasty is divided into two periods: Northern Song and Southern Song. During the Northern Song (; 960–1127), the capital was in the northern city of Bianjing (now Kaifeng) and the dynasty controlled most of what is now Eastern China. The Southern Song (; 1127–1279) refers to the period after the Song lost control of its northern half to the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty in the Jin–Song Wars. At that time, the Song court retreated south of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jin Dynasty (1115–1234)
The Jin dynasty (, ; ) or Jin State (; Jurchen: Anchun Gurun), officially known as the Great Jin (), was an imperial dynasty of China that existed between 1115 and 1234. Its name is sometimes written as Kin, Jurchen Jin, Jinn, or Chin in English to differentiate it from an earlier Jìn dynasty whose name is rendered identically in Hanyu Pinyin without the tone marking. It is also sometimes called the "Jurchen dynasty" or the "Jurchen Jin", because members of the ruling Wanyan clan were of Jurchen descent. The Jin emerged from Wanyan Aguda's rebellion against the Liao dynasty (916–1125), which held sway over northern China until the nascent Jin drove the Liao to the Western Regions, where they became known in historiography as the Western Liao. After vanquishing the Liao, the Jin launched a century-long campaign against the Han-led Song dynasty (960–1279), which was based in southern China. Over the course of their rule, the ethnic Jurchen emperors of the Jin dynas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ming Dynasty
The Ming dynasty (), officially the Great Ming, was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol Empire, Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming dynasty was the last orthodox dynasty of China ruled by the Han Chinese, Han people, the majority ethnic group in China. Although the primary capital of Beijing fell in 1644 to a rebellion led by Li Zicheng (who established the short-lived Shun dynasty), numerous rump state, rump regimes ruled by remnants of the House of Zhu, Ming imperial family—collectively called the Southern Ming—survived until 1662. The Ming dynasty's founder, the Hongwu Emperor (r. 1368–1398), attempted to create a society of self-sufficient rural communities ordered in a rigid, immobile system that would guarantee and support a permanent class of soldiers for his dynasty: the empire's standing army exceeded one million troops and the naval history of China, navy's dockyards in Nanjin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bixi (clothing)
(; ), also known as (), is generic term which refers to a type of traditional Chinese decorative piece of fabric, which acts as a knee covering, in . The originated in China where it originated from the primitive clothing of the ancient; since then, it continued to be worn by both men and women, and eventually became part of the Chinese ceremonial attire. The was later introduced in Korea during Goryeo and Joseon by the Ming dynasty, along with many garments for royalties. History The originated from primitive clothing back when animal hides were used to cover the abdomen and the genitals. During the Shang dynasty, the basic style of clothing for men and women consisted of and . Among many other types of female clothing items, the was listed in tomb inventories dating from 361 AD. In the Ming dynasty, the became part of the official clothing. Construction and design The is a length of fabric which is typically long enough to reach the kneel-level and cover the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paofu
(), also known as () for short, is a form of a long, one-piece robe in , which is characterized by the natural integration of the upper and lower part of the robe which is cut from a single fabric. The term is often used to refer to the and the . The was worn since the Zhou dynasty and became prominent in the Han dynasty.' The was a unisex, one-piece robe; while it was worn mainly by men, women could also wear it. It initially looked similar to the ancient ; however, these two robes are structurally different from each other.'''' With time, the ancient disappeared while the evolved gaining different features in each succeeding dynasties; the continues to be worn even in present day. The term refers to the "long robe" worn by ancient Chinese, and can include several form of Chinese robes of various origins and cuts, including '','' , '','' ', ', '. Terminology The term () is composed of the Chinese characters 《》, which literally means "robe", and 《》which literal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gujin Tushu Jicheng
The ''Gujin Tushu Jicheng'' (), also known as the ''Imperial Encyclopaedia'', is a vast encyclopedic work written in China during the reigns of the Qing dynasty emperors Kangxi and Yongzheng. It was begun in 1700 and completed in 1725. The work was headed and compiled mainly by scholar Chen Menglei (). Later on Jiang Tingxi helped work on it as well. It is also sometimes called the ''Qinding Gujin Tushu Jicheng'' (). The encyclopaedia contained 10,000 volumes. Sixty-four imprints were made of the first edition, known as the Wu-ying Hall edition. The encyclopaedia consisted of 6 series, 32 divisions, and 6,117 sections. It contained 800,000 pages and over 100 million Chinese characters, making it the largest leishu ever printed. Topics covered included natural phenomena, geography, history, literature and government. The work was printed in 1726 using copper movable type printing. It spanned around 10 thousand rolls (). To illustrate the huge size of the ''Gujin Tushu Jicheng'', i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
