|
Tom Rapoport
Tom Abraham Rapoport (born June 17, 1947) is a German-American cell biologist who studies protein transport in cells. Currently, he is a professor at Harvard Medical School and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator. Born in Cincinnati, OH, he grew up in the German Democratic Republic. In 1995 he accepted an offer to become a professor at Harvard Medical School, Boston. In 1997 he became an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Biography Rapoport was born in Cincinnati in 1947. His parents, Samuel Mitja Rapoport and Ingeborg Rapoport, had fled the Nazis, and when he was three years old, they fled the United States in 1950 due to being investigated for un-American activities. After a brief stay in Vienna, they finally settled in Berlin in the German Democratic Republic in 1952, where his father became a Professor for Biochemistry and director of the Institute of Physiological Chemistry of the Humboldt-University, and his mother became a Professor for neona ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cincinnati, Ohio
Cincinnati ( ) is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Hamilton County. Settled in 1788, the city is located at the northern side of the confluence of the Licking and Ohio rivers, the latter of which marks the state line with Kentucky. The city is the economic and cultural hub of the Cincinnati metropolitan area. With an estimated population of 2,256,884, it is Ohio's largest metropolitan area and the nation's 30th-largest, and with a city population of 309,317, Cincinnati is the third-largest city in Ohio and 64th in the United States. Throughout much of the 19th century, it was among the top 10 U.S. cities by population, surpassed only by New Orleans and the older, established settlements of the United States eastern seaboard, as well as being the sixth-most populous city from 1840 until 1860. As a rivertown crossroads at the junction of the North, South, East, and West, Cincinnati developed with fewer immigrants and less influence from Europe than Ea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sinaida Rosenthal
Sinaida Rosenthal (22 February 1932 – 21 November 1988) was a German biochemist and molecular biologist. She worked as a professor at the Humboldt University of Berlin and thereafter, until her death, as department head of the Central Institute for Microbiology at the Berlin based German Academy of Sciences. Life Sinaida Gejelka was born in Berlin where, between 1950 and 1955, she studied Medicine at the Humboldt University. Around this time she married the virologist Hans-Alfred Rosenthal. It was also at the Humboldt that she received her doctorate, in 1960, for a dissertation entitled "Protein Release from Rat Liver Mitochondria" (''"Eiweißfreisetzung aus Rattenlebermitochondrien"''), and later, in 1969, her habilitation (higher level qualification) for which she was supervised by Samuel Mitja Rapoport. On this occasion her dissertation was entitled "On the Mechanism of Ribosome break down in Rabbit Reticulocytes" (''" Über den Mechanismus des Ribosomenabbaus von ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Academy Of Sciences Leopoldina
The German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina (german: Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina – Nationale Akademie der Wissenschaften), short Leopoldina, is the national academy of Germany, and is located in Halle (Saale). Founded on January 1, 1652, based on academic models in Italy, it was originally named the ''Academia Naturae Curiosorum'' until 1687 when Emperor Leopold I raised it to an academy and named it after himself. It was since known under the German name ''Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina'' until 2007, when it was declared to be Germany's National Academy of Sciences. History ' The Leopoldina was founded in the imperial city of Schweinfurt on 1 January 1652 under the Latin name sometimes translated into English as "Academy of the Curious as to Nature." It was founded by four local physicians- Johann Laurentius Bausch, the first president of the society, Johann Michael Fehr, Georg Balthasar Metzger, and Georg Balthasar Wohlfarth; and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schleiden Medal
The Schleiden Medal is an award given by the Academy of Sciences Leopoldina, the National Academy of Germany, to honour outstanding achievements in the field of cellular biology. The award is named after botanist Matthias Jakob Schleiden. Recipients * 1955 : Emil Heitz * 1958 : Albert Frey-Wyssling * 1961 : Jean Brachet (co-recipient) * 1973 : Irene Manton & Torbjörn Caspersson * 1975 : Wilhelm Bernhard * 1977 : Ernst Wohlfarth-Bottermann * 1980 : Karl Lennert * 1983 : Berta Scharrer * 1985 : George Emil Palade * 1987 : Zdeněk Lojda * 1989 : A. G. Everson Pearse * 1991 : Peter Sitte * 1993 : Gottfried Schatz * 1995 : Philipp U. Heitz * 1998 : Avram Hershko * 1999 : Walter Neupert * 2001 : Kai Simons * 2003 : Ari Helenius * 2005 : Wolfgang Baumeister * 2007 : Alexander Varshavsky * 2009 : Thomas Cremer * 2011 : Tom Rapoport * 2013 : Ingrid Grummt * 2015 : Johannes Buchner * 2017 : Anthony A. Hyman * 2019 : Elena Conti * 2021 : Nikolaus Pfanner See also * List of biolo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sir Hans Krebs Medal
The Sir Hans Krebs Lecture and Medal is awarded annually by the Federation of European Biochemical Societies (FEBS) for outstanding achievements in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology or related sciences. It was endowed by the Lord Rank Centre for Research and named after the German-born British biochemist Sir Hans Adolf Krebs, well known for identifying the urea and citric acid cycles. The awardee receives a silver medal and presents one of the plenary lectures at the FEBS Congress. List of recipients Source: (1968–2002) *2022 Cecília Rodrigues (University of Lisbon, Portugal) *2019 Mathias Uhlen *2018 Albert J.R. Heck *2017 Carol V. Robinson *2016 Kári Stefánsson *2015 Jürgen Knoblich *2014 Michael N. Hall *2013 Richard J. Roberts *2012 V. Ramakrishnan *2011 Elena Conti *2010 Harald Stenmark *2009 Václav Hořejší *2008 Tim Hunt *2007 Tom Rapoport *2006 Aaron Ciechanover *2005 Thomas Jenuwein *2004 Ryszard Gryglewski *2003 ''No award?'' *2002 Jacques Pouysségur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Max Delbrück Medal
The Max Delbrück Medal has been awarded annually from 1992 to 2013 by the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (German: ''Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin'' or MDC). Named after the German biophysicist Max Delbrück, it is presented in Berlin to an outstanding scientist on the occasion of the annual "Berlin Lecture on Molecular Medicine", which the MDC organizes together with other Berlin research institutions and Bayer HealthCare. The award recipient usually delivers a lecture after the award. Recipients SourceMDC* 1992: Günter Blobel, Rockefeller University of New York, US * 1993: ''no award'' * 1994: Sydney Brenner, Cambridge University, England * 1995: Jean-Pierre Changeux, Pasteur Institute, Paris * 1996: Robert Allan Weinberg, Whitehead Institute, Cambridge, US * 1997: Charles Weissmann, Zürich University, Switzerland * 1998: Svante Pääbo, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany * 1999: Paul Berg, Stanford University, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otto Warburg Medal
The Otto Warburg Medal is awarded annually by the German Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (German: ''Gesellschaft für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie'' or ''GBM'') to honour scientists who have contributed important work in the field of biological chemistry. It is named after Otto Warburg, a renowned German physiologist and Nobel Prize laureate. It was first awarded on his 80th birthday on 8 October 1963. Up to 2013, nine Warburg Medal recipients have also been awarded the Nobel Prize. Medallists SourceGBM See also * List of biochemistry awards * List of biology awards * List of awards named after people This is a list of awards that are named after people. A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P R S T U - V W Y Z See also *Lists of awards *List of eponyms A ''list'' is any set of items in a row ... References {{reflist Biology awards German awards Awards established in 1963 Biochemistry awards ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reticulons
Reticulons (RTNs in vertebrates and reticulon-like proteins or RNTls in other eukaryotes) are a group of evolutionary conservative proteins residing predominantly in endoplasmic reticulum, primarily playing a role in promoting membrane curvature. In addition, reticulons may play a role in nuclear pore complex formation, vesicle formation, and other processes yet to be defined. They have also been linked to oligodendrocyte roles in inhibition of neurite outgrowth. Some studies link RTNs with Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. All eukaryotes studied so far carry RTN genes in their genomes. The reticulons are absent only in archaea and bacteria. Mammals have four reticulon genes, RTN1, RTN2, RTN3, RTN4. Plants possess a greater number of reticulon isoforms, with 21 having been identified in the commonly used model organism Arabidopsis thaliana. The genes possess a number of exons and introns and are accordingly spliced into many isoforms. C-terminal r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ERAD
Endoplasmic-reticulum-associated protein degradation (ERAD) designates a Cell (biology), cellular pathway which targets misfolded proteins of the endoplasmic reticulum for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation by a protein-degrading complex, called the proteasome. Mechanism The process of ERAD can be divided into three steps: Recognition of misfolded or mutated proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum The recognition of misfolded or mutated proteins depends on the detection of substructures within proteins such as exposed hydrophobic regions, unpaired cysteine residues and immature glycans. In mammalian cells for example, there exists a mechanism called glycan processing. In this mechanism, the lectin-type Chaperone (protein), chaperones calnexin/calreticulin (CNX/CRT) provide immature glycoproteins the opportunity to reach their native conformation. They can do this by way of reglucosylating these glycoproteins by an enzyme called Uridine diphosphate, UDP-glucose-glycopro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Translocon
The translocon (also known as a translocator or translocation channel) is a complex of proteins associated with the translocation of polypeptides across membranes. In eukaryotes the term translocon most commonly refers to the complex that transports nascent polypeptides with a targeting signal sequence into the interior (cisternal or lumenal) space of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) from the cytosol. This translocation process requires the protein to cross a hydrophobic lipid bilayer. The same complex is also used to integrate nascent proteins into the membrane itself (membrane proteins). In prokaryotes, a similar protein complex transports polypeptides across the (inner) plasma membrane or integrates membrane proteins. In either case, the protein complex are formed from Sec proteins (Sec: secretory), with the hetrotrimeric Sec61 being the channel. In prokaryotes, the homologous channel complex is known as SecYEG. This article focuses on the cell's native translocons, but pathogens c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sec61
Sec61, termed SecYEG in prokaryotes, is a membrane protein complex found in all domains of life. As the core component of the translocon, it transports proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes and out of the cell in prokaryotes. It is a doughnut-shaped pore through the membrane with 3 different subunits (heterotrimeric), SecY (α), SecE (γ), and SecG (β). It has a region called the plug that blocks transport into or out of the ER. This plug is displaced when the hydrophobic region of a nascent polypeptide interacts with another region of Sec61 called the seam, allowing translocation of the polypeptide into the ER lumen. Structure Much of the knowledge on the structure of the SecY/Sec61α pore comes from an X-ray crystallography structure of its archaeal version. The large SecY subunit consists of two halves, trans-membrane segments 1-5 and trans-membrane segments 6-10. They are linked at the extracellular side by a loop between trans-membrane segments 5 and 6. Sec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HHMI
The Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) is an American non-profit medical research organization based in Chevy Chase, Maryland. It was founded in 1953 by Howard Hughes, an American business magnate, investor, record-setting pilot, engineer, film director, and philanthropist, known during his lifetime as one of the most financially successful individuals in the world. It is one of the largest private funding organizations for biological and medical research in the United States. HHMI spends about $1 million per HHMI Investigator per year, which amounts to annual investment in biomedical research of about $825 million. The institute has an endowment of $22.6 billion, making it the second-wealthiest philanthropic organization in the United States and the second-best endowed medical research foundation in the world. HHMI is the former owner of the Hughes Aircraft Company – an American aerospace firm which was divested to various firms over time. History The institute was fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
