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Token And Medal Society
The Token and Medal Society is an American numismatic organization founded in 1960. The organization specializes in the study, collection, and research of different types of exonumia. History The Token and Medal Society was founded on November 19, 1960, in Detroit and formally incorporated on April 8, 1966. Among the founding members were well-known numismatists Q. David Bowers, Clifford Mishler, and Russell Rulau. TAMS encompasses a wide range of material, including civil war tokens, hard times tokens, subway tokens and others. Members of the Token and Medal Society also work to attribute and identify "maverick" issues, which are tokens and medals for which the origin is unknown. The organization hosts an annual meeting and awards presentation in conjunction with the American Numismatic Association World's Fair of Money summer convention. From 1983 until 2010, the Society issued their own medals commemorating its annual meetings. Due to rising costs, the 2010 medal was the las ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Numismatics
Numismatics is the study or collection of currency, including coins, tokens, paper money, medals and related objects. Specialists, known as numismatists, are often characterized as students or collectors of coins, but the discipline also includes the broader study of money and other means of payment used to resolve debts and exchange goods. The earliest forms of money used by people are categorised by collectors as "Odd and Curious", but the use of other goods in barter exchange is excluded, even where used as a circulating currency (e.g., cigarettes or instant noodles in prison). As an example, the Kyrgyz people used horses as the principal currency unit, and gave small change in lambskins; the lambskins may be suitable for numismatic study, but the horses are not. Many objects have been used for centuries, such as cowry shells, precious metals, cocoa beans, large stones, and gems. Etymology First attested in English 1829, the word ''numismatics'' comes from the adjective ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exonumia
Exonumia are numismatic items (such as tokens, medals, or scrip) other than coins and paper money. This includes "Good For" tokens, badges, counterstamped coins, elongated coins, encased coins, souvenir medallions, tags, wooden nickels and other similar items. It is related to numismatics (concerned with coins which have been legal tender), and many coin collectors are also exonumists. Besides the above strict definition, others extend it to include non-coins which may or may not be legal tenders such as cheques, credit cards and similar paper. These can also be considered notaphily or scripophily. Etymology The noun ''exonumia'' is derived from two classical roots: ''exo'', meaning "out-of" in Greek, and ''nummus'', meaning "coin" in Latin (from Greek νοῦμμος – ''noummos'', "coin"); thus, "out ideof- he categoryoins". Usually, the term "exonumia" is applied to these objects in the United States, while the equivalent British term is paranumismatica. The words ''ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clifford Mishler
Clifford Leslie Mishler (born August 11, 1939) is an American author and numismatist. He has served as president of the American Numismatic Association. Early life Mishler was born in Vandalia, Michigan and attended Northwestern University. Career Mishler was hired by Krause Publications in 1963 as an associate editor for '' Numismatic News'' before being promoted to full editor from 1964 to 1966. He became the publisher for all numismatic publications from 1966 to 1975, publisher for all publications from 1975 to 1988, and was named executive vice president from 1975 to 1988, senior vice president from 1988 to 1990. He was appointed president of Krause Publications effective January 1, 1991. Along with Chester L. Krause, Mishler created the "Krause-Mishler" numbering system used in the ''Standard Catalog of World Coins''. Prior to being hired by Krause Publications, Mishler worked as a carpenter in Vandalia 1959 to 1962. During this time, he issued three "Historic Artistry me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russell Rulau
Russell Alphonse Rulau (September 21, 1926 – November 12, 2012) was an American numismatist. He was involved in coin collecting for over 60 years. From his earliest days as a casual collector, Rulau contributed to numismatics as a writer, editor and club organizer. His interest in world coins led him to create the "Coin of the Year" award. The award is presented annually by Krause Publications' ''World Coin News''. Rulau coined the term "exonumia" in 1960. Literary career While working for Amos Press, Rulau edited publications such as ''Coin World'' and ''Numismatic Scrapbook''. He was also responsible for creating ''World Coins Magazine''. He later worked for Krause Publications, and contributed to the editing of the ''World Coin News'' and ''Bank Note Reporter''. He has also written several numismatic books, including ''How to Order Foreign Coins'', ''Modern World Mint Marks'', ''World Mint Marks'', ''Hard Times Tokens'', ''Early American Tokens'', ''U.S. Merchant Tokens 184 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Civil War Tokens
Civil War tokens are token coins that were privately minted and distributed in the United States between 1861 and 1864. They were used mainly in the Northeast and Midwest. The widespread use of the tokens was a result of the scarcity of government-issued cents during the Civil War. Civil War tokens became illegal after the United States Congress passed a law on April 22, 1864, prohibiting the issue of any one or two-cent coins, tokens or devices for use as currency. On June 8, 1864, an additional law was passed that forbade all private coinage.Yeoman, R.S., ''A Guide Book of United States Coins'' (2004 edition), Whitman Publishing, 2003. Civil War tokens are divided into three types—store cards, patriotic tokens, and sutler tokens. All three types were utilized as currency, and are differentiated by their designs. The collectible value of the tokens is determined chiefly by their rarity. History By 1862, the second year of the Civil War, government-issued coinage began v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hard Times Token
Hard-times tokens are American large or half cent-sized copper tokens, struck from about 1833 through 1843, serving as unofficial currency. These privately made pieces, comprising merchant, political and satirical pieces, were used during a time of political and financial crisis in the United States. Today, hard-times tokens are collectible and usually very affordable as coins or as political history. Background In 1832, President Andrew Jackson ran for re-election and called for the abolition of the Second Bank of the United States. While he won the election, he worked to weaken the bank before the charter expired in 1836. Without the Bank of the United States, state banks attempted to fill the paper money gap and issued a large number of bank notes, which fueled inflation. Hoping to halt the inflation and speculation in public lands, Jackson and his Treasury secretary, Levi Woodbury, issued the Specie Circular on July 11, 1836. The circular simply stated that as of August ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Numismatic Association
The American Numismatic Association (ANA) is an organization founded in 1891 by George Francis Heath. Located in Colorado Springs, Colorado, it was formed to advance the knowledge of numismatics (the study of coins) along educational, historical, and scientific lines, as well as to enhance interest in the hobby. The ANA has more than 24,000 individual members who receive many benefits, such as discounts, access to website features, and the monthly journal ''The Numismatist''. The ANA's Colorado Springs headquarters houses its administrative offices, library, and money museum. The ANA received a federal charter from the United States Congress in 1912. A board of governors is in charge of the ANA. Numerous advisory committees help to operate it properly. The ANA has a Young Numismatists program intended to promote interest among youth. The ANA has held annual conventions throughout the nation in most years since 1891, with two per year since 1978. The Chester L. Krause Memoria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eric P
The given name Eric, Erich, Erikk, Erik, Erick, or Eirik is derived from the Old Norse name ''Eiríkr'' (or ''Eríkr'' in Old East Norse due to monophthongization). The first element, ''ei-'' may be derived from the older Proto-Norse ''* aina(z)'', meaning "one, alone, unique", ''as in the form'' ''Æ∆inrikr'' explicitly, but it could also be from ''* aiwa(z)'' "everlasting, eternity", as in the Gothic form ''Euric''. The second element ''- ríkr'' stems either from Proto-Germanic ''* ríks'' "king, ruler" (cf. Gothic ''reiks'') or the therefrom derived ''* ríkijaz'' "kingly, powerful, rich, prince"; from the common Proto-Indo-European root * h₃rḗǵs. The name is thus usually taken to mean "sole ruler, autocrat" or "eternal ruler, ever powerful". ''Eric'' used in the sense of a proper noun meaning "one ruler" may be the origin of ''Eriksgata'', and if so it would have meant "one ruler's journey". The tour was the medieval Swedish king's journey, when newly elected, to s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Numismatic Associations
Numismatic associations bring together groups of numismatists. They may be commercial, hobby or professional. Membership is sometimes by election. List of international numismatic associations British Art Medal Society(BAMS) * Federation of European Numismatic Associations (FENAP) * Fédération Internationale de la Médaille d'Art (FIDEM) * International Association of Professional Numismatists (IAPN) * International Bank Note Society (IBNS) * International Numismatic Council (INC) Oriental Numismatic Society(ONS) Société de Numismatique Asiatique(SNA) List of numismatic associations (by country) Armenia * Armenian Numismatic Society Australia * ACT and District Coin Club * Australian Numismatic Society * Australian Numismatic Society NSW * Australian Numismatic Society Queensland Branch * Australian Society for Ancient Numismatics * Bairnsdale and District Stamp and Coin Club * Bathurst Stamp, Coin, Collectables and Lapidary Club * Bendigo Coin & Collectable ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
