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Tobu 10000 Series
The is a DC electric multiple unit (EMU) commuter train type operated in Japan by the private railway operator Tobu Railway since 1983. First entering service in 1983 on the Tobu Tojo Line (1984 on the Tobu Isesaki Line), production continued through to 1995, with a total of 486 vehicles built. Variants The type was broadly divided into four sub-series, as follows. * 10000 series * 10030 series * 10050 series (minor variant of 10030 series) * 10080 series 10000 series These were built to replace the remaining 7300 series trains on the Tojo Line, with the first trains entering service from 22 December 1983. 10000 series sets were also introduced on the Isesaki Line from 20 March 1984. The corrugated stainless steel body design was based on the prototype 9000 series set built in 1981, while the front end design was derived from the earlier 8000 series EMUs. The seat covers were initially brown ("Colorado orange"), but later changed to the standard light green colour used on ...
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Fuji Heavy Industries
is a Japanese multinational corporation and conglomerate primarily involved in both terrestrial and aerospace transportation manufacturing. It is best known for its line of Subaru automobiles. Founded in 1953, the company was formerly named (FHI) until 2017. The company's aerospace division is a defense contractor to the Japanese government, manufacturing Boeing and Lockheed Martin helicopters and airplanes under license. This same division is a global development and manufacturing partner to both companies. History Fuji Heavy Industries traces its roots to the Nakajima Aircraft Company, a leading supplier of airplanes to the Japanese government during World War II. At the end of World War II, Nakajima was broken up by the Occupation of Japan, Allied Occupation government under ''keiretsu'' legislation, and by 1950 part of the separated operation was already known as Fuji Heavy Industries. FHI was incorporated on July 15, 1953, when five Japanese companies, known as Fuji Kog ...
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High-intensity Discharge Lamp
High-intensity discharge lamps (HID lamps) are a type of electrical gas-discharge lamp which produces light by means of an electric arc between tungsten electrodes housed inside a translucent or transparent fused quartz or fused alumina arc tube. This tube is filled with noble gas and often also contains suitable metal or metal salts. The noble gas enables the arc's initial strike. Once the arc is started, it heats and evaporates the metallic admixture. Its presence in the arc plasma greatly increases the intensity of visible light produced by the arc for a given power input, as the metals have many emission spectral lines in the visible part of the spectrum. High-intensity discharge lamps are a type of arc lamp. Brand new high-intensity discharge lamps make more visible light per unit of electric power consumed than fluorescent and incandescent lamps, since a greater proportion of their radiation is visible light in contrast to infrared. However, the lumen output of HID lig ...
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Electric Multiple Units Of Japan
Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter that has a property of electric charge. Electricity is related to magnetism, both being part of the phenomenon of electromagnetism, as described by Maxwell's equations. Various common phenomena are related to electricity, including lightning, static electricity, electric heating, electric discharges and many others. The presence of an electric charge, which can be either positive or negative, produces an electric field. The movement of electric charges is an electric current and produces a magnetic field. When a charge is placed in a location with a non-zero electric field, a force will act on it. The magnitude of this force is given by Coulomb's law. If the charge moves, the electric field would be doing work on the electric charge. Thus we can speak of electric potential at a certain point in space, which is equal to the work done by an external agent in carrying a unit of p ...
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Tobu 100 Series
The , branded , is a limited express electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated by the private railway operator Tobu Railway in Japan since 1990. The trains are used on ''Kegon'', ''Spacia Nikko'', ''Kinu'', and ''Spacia Kinugawa'' services to Nikkō and Kinugawa-Onsen. Formation , the fleet consists of nine sets, based at Kasukabe Depot, and formed as follows. Interior Seat pitch is . Car 6 contains six 4-seat compartments. These are marked as "Green cars" when operating on JR lines. File:TOBURAILWAY SERIES100 FUTSUSEKI SHANAI.JPG, Interior view (before refurbishment) File:TOBURAILWAY SERIES100 FUTSUSEKI ZASEKI.JPG, Reclining seats (before refurbishment) File:Tobu 100 Spacia Compartment Shinjuku 20071104.JPG, 4-seat compartment in Car 6 (before refurbishment) File:Tobu 100 Spacia 106-2 interior 20160926.jpg, The interior of set 106 in September 2016 (after refurbishment) History The 100 series trains entered service on 1 June 1990 on ''Kegon'' and ''Kinu'' services ...
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Tobu Railway 10050
is a Japanese commuter railway and ''keiretsu'' holding company in the Greater Tokyo Area as well as an intercity and regional operator in the Kantō region. Excluding the Japan Railways Group companies, Tobu's rail system is the second longest in Japan after Kintetsu. It serves large portions of Saitama Prefecture, Gunma Prefecture and Tochigi Prefecture, as well as northern Tokyo and western Chiba Prefecture. The Tobu Railway Company is listed in the First Section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the Nikkei 225 index. The Tobu corporate group is also engaged in road transportation (bus/taxi), real estate, and retail. It is the owner of the Tokyo Skytree, the tallest tower in the world. The company is a member of the Fuyo Group ''keiretsu''. The name "Tobu" is formed from the kanji for east (''東'') and Musashi (''武''蔵), the initial area served. History Tobu is one of the oldest railway companies in Japan. It was established in November 1897 and bega ...
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Tobu 10050 11455 Ogose 20040705
is a Japanese commuter railway and ''keiretsu'' holding company in the Greater Tokyo Area as well as an intercity and regional operator in the Kantō region. Excluding the Japan Railways Group companies, Tobu's rail system is the second longest in Japan after Kintetsu. It serves large portions of Saitama Prefecture, Gunma Prefecture and Tochigi Prefecture, as well as northern Tokyo and western Chiba Prefecture. The Tobu Railway Company is listed in the First Section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the Nikkei 225 index. The Tobu corporate group is also engaged in road transportation (bus/taxi), real estate, and retail. It is the owner of the Tokyo Skytree, the tallest tower in the world. The company is a member of the Fuyo Group ''keiretsu''. The name "Tobu" is formed from the kanji for east (''東'') and Musashi (''武''蔵), the initial area served. History Tobu is one of the oldest railway companies in Japan. It was established in November 1897 and bega ...
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Tobu Refurb 10030 Destination Indicator Ogawamachi 20120216
is a Japanese commuter railway and ''keiretsu'' holding company in the Greater Tokyo Area as well as an intercity and regional operator in the Kantō region. Excluding the Japan Railways Group companies, Tobu's rail system is the second longest in Japan after Kintetsu. It serves large portions of Saitama Prefecture, Gunma Prefecture and Tochigi Prefecture, as well as northern Tokyo and western Chiba Prefecture. The Tobu Railway Company is listed in the First Section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the Nikkei 225 index. The Tobu corporate group is also engaged in road transportation (bus/taxi), real estate, and retail. It is the owner of the Tokyo Skytree, the tallest tower in the world. The company is a member of the Fuyo Group ''keiretsu''. The name "Tobu" is formed from the kanji for east (''東'') and Musashi (''武''蔵), the initial area served. History Tobu is one of the oldest railway companies in Japan. It was established in November 1897 and bega ...
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Tobu Refurb 10030 Ogawamachi 20120216
is a Japanese commuter railway and ''keiretsu'' holding company in the Greater Tokyo Area as well as an intercity and regional operator in the Kantō region. Excluding the Japan Railways Group companies, Tobu's rail system is the second longest in Japan after Kintetsu. It serves large portions of Saitama Prefecture, Gunma Prefecture and Tochigi Prefecture, as well as northern Tokyo and western Chiba Prefecture. The Tobu Railway Company is listed in the First Section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the Nikkei 225 index. The Tobu corporate group is also engaged in road transportation (bus/taxi), real estate, and retail. It is the owner of the Tokyo Skytree, the tallest tower in the world. The company is a member of the Fuyo Group ''keiretsu''. The name "Tobu" is formed from the kanji for east (''東'') and Musashi (''武''蔵), the initial area served. History Tobu is one of the oldest railway companies in Japan. It was established in November 1897 and bega ...
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Bogie
A bogie ( ) (in some senses called a truck in North American English) is a chassis or framework that carries a wheelset, attached to a vehicle—a modular subassembly of wheels and axles. Bogies take various forms in various modes of transport. A bogie may remain normally attached (as on many railroad cars and semi-trailers) or be quickly detachable (as the dolly in a road train or in railway bogie exchange); it may contain a suspension within it (as most rail and trucking bogies do), or be solid and in turn be suspended (as most bogies of tracked vehicles are); it may be mounted on a swivel, as traditionally on a railway carriage or locomotive, additionally jointed and sprung (as in the landing gear of an airliner), or held in place by other means (centreless bogies). In Scotland, the term is used for a child’s (usually home-made) wooden cart. While ''bogie'' is the preferred spelling and first-listed variant in various dictionaries, bogey and bogy are also used. Rai ...
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