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Tinaminae
Tinaminae, the forest tinamous,Brown, Joseph W. (2005) is one of two subfamilies of the family Tinamidae, the other being Nothurinae. Tinaminae has more species than the other subfamily, containing 29 species in three genera: * ''Crypturellus'' (21 species) * ''Nothocercus'' (3 species) * ''Tinamus'' (5 species) Description These birds, like other tinamous, are ground birds that prefer to run and walk, but will fly when they must. They differ physiologically by having their nostrils halfway down their bill or more. They range in size from the largest, being the grey tinamou at and the solitary tinamou at , which are also the largest of all the tinamous, to the little tinamou at and and the small-billed tinamou at and . They are a very compact muscular bird, with a slightly decurved beak. Their tail is short and rudimentary and appears near non-existent. They have a large amount of feathers on their back and posterior regions. some believe to assist in escaping predators b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tinamou
Tinamous () form an order of birds called Tinamiformes (), comprising a single family called Tinamidae (), divided into two distinct subfamilies, containing 46 species found in Mexico, Central America, and South America. The word "tinamou" comes from the Galibi term for these birds, ''tinamu''. Tinamous have traditionally been regarded as the sister group of the flightless ratites, but recent work places them well within the ratite radiation, implying basal ratites could fly. Tinamous first appear in the fossil record in the Miocene epoch. They are generally sedentary, ground-dwelling and, though not flightless, when possible avoid flight in favour of hiding or running away from danger. They are found in a variety of habitats, ranging from semi-arid alpine grasslands to tropical rainforests. The two subfamilies are broadly divided by habitat, with the Nothurinae referred to as steppe or open country tinamous, and the Tinaminae known as forest tinamous. Although some species are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nothurinae
Nothurinae or ''aridland tinamous''Brown, Joseph W. (2005) is one of two subfamilies of the Tinamidae family, the other being Tinaminae. It contains eighteen species in six genera. The six genera are: * '' Rhynchotus'' (2 species) * ''Nothoprocta'' (6 species) * ''Nothura'' (5 species) * ''Taoniscus'' (monotypic) - dwarf tinamou * ''Eudromia'' (2 species) * ''Tinamotis'' (2 species) Description These birds, as a member of the tinamou, are ground birds that prefer to run and walk, but will fly when needed. Taxonomy They are related to the ratites (emus, ostriches, kiwis, and rheas), and are placed with them in the Paleognathae. All of these birds evolved from ancient birds that did fly and tinamous are believed to be a still living primitive family closely related to these ancient birds.Davies, S. J. J. F. (2003) Behavior Tinamous eat leaves, buds, small fruits and seeds, and will eats insects for variety. Range and habitat The members of this subfamily live in South America ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tataupa Tinamou
The Tataupa tinamou (''Crypturellus tataupa'') is a type of tinamou commonly found in dry forest in subtropical and tropical regions in southeastern South America.Clements, J (2007) Naming * ''Crypturellus'' is formed from three Latin or Greek words: ''kruptos'' meaning covered or hidden, ''oura'' meaning tail, and ''ellus'' meaning diminutive. Therefore, ''Crypturellus'' means small hidden tail.Gotch, A. F. (1995) * ''Tataupa'' is a Guarani term, referring to the bird's ashy-colored plumage. Taxonomy All tinamou are from the family Tinamidae, and in the larger scheme are also ratites. Unlike other ratites, tinamous can fly, although in general, they are not strong fliers. All ratites evolved from prehistoric flying birds, and tinamous are the closest living relative of these birds.Davies, S. J. J. F. (2003) Subspecies The Tataupa tinamou has four subspecies as follows: * ''C. t. tataupa'' Nominate race, occurs in eastern Bolivia, southern Brazil, northern Argentina, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kiwi (bird)
Kiwi ( ) are flightless birds endemic to New Zealand of the order Apterygiformes. The five extant species fall into the family Apterygidae () and genus ''Apteryx'' (). Approximately the size of a domestic chicken, kiwi are by far the smallest living ratites (which also include ostriches, emus, rheas and cassowaries). However, the ratite group is polyphyletic, and cladistically also includes tinamous, which can also be of moderate size. Members of this expanded group are known as paleognaths. DNA sequence comparisons have yielded the conclusion that kiwi are much more closely related to the extinct Malagasy elephant birds than to the moa with which they shared New Zealand. There are five recognised species, four of which are currently listed as vulnerable, and one of which is near-threatened. All species have been negatively affected by historic deforestation, but their remaining habitat is well-protected in large forest reserves and national parks. At present, the greates ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxonomic Rank
In biological classification, taxonomic rank is the relative level of a group of organisms (a taxon) in an ancestral or hereditary hierarchy. A common system consists of species, genus, family (biology), family, order (biology), order, class (biology), class, phylum (biology), phylum, kingdom (biology), kingdom, domain (biology), domain. While older approaches to taxonomic classification were phenomenological, forming groups on the basis of similarities in appearance, organic structure and behaviour, methods based on genetic analysis have opened the road to cladistics. A given rank subsumes under it less general categories, that is, more specific descriptions of life forms. Above it, each rank is classified within more general categories of organisms and groups of organisms related to each other through inheritance of phenotypic trait, traits or features from common ancestors. The rank of any ''species'' and the description of its ''genus'' is ''basic''; which means that to iden ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Terra Firme
Terra may often refer to: * Terra (mythology), primeval Roman goddess * An alternate name for planet Earth, as well as the Latin name for the planet Terra may also refer to: Geography Astronomy * Terra (satellite), a multi-national NASA scientific research satellite * Terrae, extensive land masses found on various solar system bodies ** List of terrae on Mars ** List of terrae on Venus ** Terra, a highland on the Moon (Luna) Latin and other * ''Terra Australis'' (southern land), hypothetical continent appearing on maps from the 15th to the 18th century * ''Terra incognita'', unknown land, for regions that have not been mapped or documented * ''Terra nullius'', land belonging to no one, nobody's land, empty or desolate land * Terra preta ("black earth"), very dark, fertile anthropogenic soil found in the Amazon Basin Places * Terra, Cyprus, a village in the Paphos District of Cyprus * Terra Alta, West Virginia, a former coal town in Preston County Nature * ''Terra'' (butt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Várzea Forest
A várzea forest is a seasonal floodplain forest inundated by whitewater rivers that occurs in the Amazon biome. Until the late 1970s, the definition was less clear and várzea was often used for all periodically flooded Amazonian forests. Although sometimes described as consisting only of forest, várzea also contains more open, seasonally flooded habitats such as grasslands, including floating meadows. Description Along the Amazon River and many of its tributaries, high annual rainfall that occurs mostly within a rainy season results in extensive seasonal flooding of areas from stream and river discharge. The result is a rise in water level, with nutrient rich waters. The Iquitos várzea ecoregion covers the margins of the upper Amazon and its tributaries. Further down are the Purus várzea in the middle Amazon, the Monte Alegre várzea and Gurupa várzea on the lower Amazon and the Marajó várzea at the mouth of the Amazon. The Marajó várzea is affected by both freshwate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Variegated Tinamou
The variegated tinamou (''Crypturellus variegatus'') a type of tinamou commonly found in moist forest lowlands in subtropical and tropical regions of northern South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the sout .... Taxonomy The variegated tinamou was formally described in 1789 by the German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin in his revised and expanded edition of Carl Linnaeus's ''Systema Naturae''. He placed it with all the other quail like birds in the genus ''Tetrao'' and coined the binomial nomenclature, binomial name ''Tetrao variegatus''. Gmelin based his description on the ''Le Tinamou varié'' that had been described in 1778 by the French polymath Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon and also illustrated in a separate publication. The variegated tinamou is now ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polyandry
Polyandry (; ) is a form of polygamy in which a woman takes two or more husbands at the same time. Polyandry is contrasted with polygyny, involving one male and two or more females. If a marriage involves a plural number of "husbands and wives" participants of each gender, then it can be called polygamy, group marriage, group or conjoint marriage. In its broadest use, polyandry refers to sexual relations with multiple males within or without marriage. Of the 1,231 societies listed in the 1980 Ethnographic Atlas, 186 were found to be monogamous, 453 had occasional polygyny, 588 had more frequent polygyny, and 4 had polyandry.''Ethnographic Atlas Codebook'' derived from George P. Murdock's ''Ethnographic Atlas'' recording the marital composition of 1,231 societies from 1960 to 1980. Polyandry is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polygyny
Polygyny (; from Neoclassical Greek πολυγυνία (); ) is the most common and accepted form of polygamy around the world, entailing the marriage of a man with several women. Incidence Polygyny is more widespread in Africa than in any other continent. Some scholars see the slave trade's impact on the male-to-female sex ratio as a key factor in the emergence and fortification of polygynous practices in regions of Africa. Polygyny is most common in a region known as the "polygamy belt" in West Africa and Central Africa, with the countries estimated to have the highest polygamy prevalence in the world being Burkina Faso, Mali, Gambia, Niger and Nigeria. In the region of sub-Saharan Africa, polygyny is common and deeply rooted in the culture, with 11% of the population of sub-Saharan Africa living in such marriages (25% of the Muslim population and 3% of the Christian population, as of 2019). Polygyny is especially widespread in West Africa, with the countries estimated to h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slaty-breasted Tinamou
The slaty-breasted tinamou or Boucard's tinamou (''Crypturellus boucardi'') is a type of tinamou commonly found in lowland moist forests of Mexico and Central America.Clements, J (2007) Taxonomy All tinamou are from the family Tinamidae, and in the larger scheme are also ratites. Unlike other ratites, tinamous can fly, although in general, they are not strong fliers. All ratites evolved from prehistoric flying birds, and tinamous are the closest living relative of these birds.Davies, S. J. J. F. (2003) The slaty-breasted tinamou has two sub-species: * '' C. b. boucardi'' (the nominate subspecies) ranges along the lowlands of the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean coast in southeastern Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, and northwestern Honduras * '' C. b. costaricensis'' ranges on the Caribbean slope in Honduras, Nicaragua, and northern Costa Rica Philip Sclater identified the slaty-breasted tinamou from a specimen from Oaxaca, Mexico, in 1859. Etymology ''Crypturellus'' can be broken dow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Highland Tinamou
The highland tinamou or Bonaparte's tinamou (''Nothocercus bonapartei'') is a type of ground bird found in montane moist forest typically over altitude. Taxonomy All tinamou are from the family Tinamidae, and in the larger scheme are also ratites. Unlike other ratites, tinamous can fly, although in general, they are not strong fliers. All ratites evolved from prehistoric flying birds, and tinamous are the closest living relative of these birds.Davies, S. J. J. F. (2003) It has five subspecies: * ''N. b. frantzii'' occurs in the highlands of Costa Rica and western Panama.Clements, J (2007) * ''N. b. bonapartei'' occurs in northwestern Venezuela and northern Colombia. * ''N. b. discrepans'' occurs in central Colombia ( Tolima and Meta provinces). * ''N. b. intercedens'' occurs in the western Andes of Colombia. * ''N. b. plumbeiceps'' occurs in the Andes of eastern Ecuador and far northern Peru. George Robert Gray identified the highland tinamou from a specimen from Aragua, Vene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
