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Timeline Of Bolzano
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Bolzano/Bozen in the Trentino-South Tyrol region of Italy. Prior to 20th century * 14 BC - A military settlement called "Pons Drusi" is founded by Romans. * 679 - Settlement and region ruled by the Duke of Bavaria ("comes Baiuvariorum, quem illi gravionem dicunt, qui regebat Bauzanum et reliqua castella"). * 769 - Tassilo III, Duke of Bavaria issues in Bolzano the foundation charter of the Innichen Abbey. * 996–1000 - Settlement called "in Pauzana valle, quae lingua Teutisca Pozana nuncupatur". * 1027 - Bozen county "given by the emperor Conrad II to the bishop of Trent." * 1170 - Likely birthplace nearby of Walther von der Vogelweide, a German lyrical poet. * 1170–80 ca. - The town is founded by the bishop of Trent. * 1195 - The town's parson Rudolf is mentioned. * 1237 - Franciscan Friary active. * 1272 - (hospital) established. * 1363 - Habsburg Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria in power. * 1437 - The borough rights (' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolzano
Bolzano ( or ; german: Bozen, (formerly ); bar, Bozn; lld, Balsan or ) is the capital city of the province of South Tyrol in northern Italy. With a population of 108,245, Bolzano is also by far the largest city in South Tyrol and the third largest in historical Tyrol. The greater metro area has about 250,000 inhabitants and is one of the urban centers within the Alps. Bolzano is the seat of the Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, where lectures and seminars are held in English, German, and Italian. The city is also home to the Italian Army's Alpini High Command (COMALP) and some of its combat and support units. In the 2020 version of the annual ranking of quality of life in Italian cities, Bolzano was ranked joint first for quality of life alongside Bologna. Along with other Alpine towns in South Tyrol, Bolzano engages in the Alpine Town of the Year Association for the implementation of the Alpine Convention. The Convention aims to promote and achieve sustainable developme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Italianization Of South Tyrol
In 1919, at the time of its annexation, the middle part of the County of Tyrol which is today called South Tyrol (in Italian ''Alto Adige'') was inhabited by almost 90% German speakers.Oscar Benvenuto (ed.):South Tyrol in Figures 2008", Provincial Statistics Institute of the Autonomous Province of South Tyrol Bozen/Bolzano 2007, p. 19, Table 11 Under the 1939 South Tyrol Option Agreement, Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini determined the status of the German and Ladin (Rhaeto-Romanic) ethnic groups living in the region. They could emigrate to Germany, or stay in Italy and accept their complete Italianization. As a consequence of this, the society of South Tyrol was deeply riven. Those who wanted to stay, the so-called ''Dableiber'', were condemned as traitors while those who left (''Optanten'') were defamed as Nazis. Because of the outbreak of World War II, this agreement was never fully implemented. Illegal Katakombenschulen ("Catacomb schools") were set up to teach children the G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Province Of Trento
Trentino ( lld, Trentin), officially the Autonomous Province of Trento, is an autonomous province of Italy, in the country's far north. The Trentino and South Tyrol constitute the region of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, an autonomous region under the constitution. The province is composed of 166 ''comuni'' (municipalities). Its capital is the city of Trento (Trent). The province covers an area of more than , with a total population of 541,098 in 2019. Trentino is renowned for its mountains, such as the Dolomites, which are part of the Alps. Etymology The province is generally known as "Trentino". The name derives from Trento, the capital city of the province. Originally, the term was used by the local population only to refer to the city and its immediate surroundings. Under former Austrian rule, which began in the 19th century (previously, Trentino was governed by the local bishop), the common German name for the region was ''Welschtirol'' () or ''Welschsüdtirol'' (‘It ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bloody Sunday (Bolzano)
Bozner Blutsonntag (German for Bozen Bloody Sunday) refers to the events of 24 April 1921 in Bozen (Italian Bolzano). It was the first climax of fascist violence in South Tyrol, a German-speaking province that was annexed by Italy after World War I. Events On 24 April 1921, a referendum was held in the part of Tyrol still belonging to Austria regarding the Anschluss to the German Reich. The fascists, who at that time were a paramilitary group involved in thuggery throughout Italy, considered the coincidental opening of the Bozen Spring Fair on the same day as a provocation connected with the plebiscite. They decided to disrupt the traditional costume procession (Trachtenumzug) through Bozen. Despite warnings, the Italian authorities did not take any security measures to protect the local populace. In the morning of 24 April 1921, about 290 fascists from the rest of Italy arrived at the Bozen railway station and united with about 120 supporters of the fascist movement from Bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Austrian National Library
The Austrian National Library (german: Österreichische Nationalbibliothek) is the largest library in Austria, with more than 12 million items in its various collections. The library is located in the Neue Burg Wing of the Hofburg in center of Vienna. Since 2005, some of the collections have been relocated within the Baroque structure of the Palais Mollard-Clary. Founded by the Habsburgs, the library was originally called the Imperial Court Library (german: Kaiserliche Hofbibliothek); the change to the current name occurred in 1920, following the end of the Habsburg Monarchy and the proclamation of the Austrian Republic. The library complex includes four museums, as well as multiple special collections and archives. Middle Ages The institution has its origin in the imperial library of the Middle Ages. During the Medieval period, the Austrian Duke Albert III (1349–1395) moved the books of the Viennese vaults into a library. Albert also arranged for important works from La ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolzano Tramway
The Bolzano Tram is a former transport net, built to connect the various villages near Bolzano, in what is now South Tyrol, northern Italy. At the time, Zwölfmalgreien, Bolzano and Gries were three independent municipalities. Track The first built line started at the today called Guntschna street, near the former Guntschna funicular. From there it got to the Piazza Gries and to Talfer Bridge, to enter the Bolzano city. Today Piazza Gries and the Talfer Bridge are connected by a broad street, but this street was built later during Fascism in Italy, and so the tram crosses the field near small streets. In the center of Bolzano the track had some really small curve radius because of the old buildings. After arriving at Walther Square, where it meets the terminus track of the Rittnerbahn The Ritten Railway (german: Rittnerbahn or ''Rittner Bahn'', it, Ferrovia del Renon) is an electric light railway which originally connected Bolzano with the Ritten plateau and today continues to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rittnerbahn
The Ritten Railway (german: Rittnerbahn or ''Rittner Bahn'', it, Ferrovia del Renon) is an electric light railway which originally connected Bolzano with the Ritten plateau and today continues to operate on the plateau, connecting the villages located there. Track When opened in 1907 the line started as a tramway at Walther Square in the center of Bolzano, where it shared the track with the Bolzano town tramways as far as the Brenner Road. From there to Maria Himmelfahrt the line was a rack railway, climbing 990 metres until it reached the plateau. A special rack locomotive was placed behind the trams to push them uphill. In the middle of this ascent was a crossing loop so that two trains could cross. The train that went down to Bolzano produced some of the power that was needed to get the other train up. After arriving in Maria Himmelfahrt on the Ritten plateau, the locomotive was uncoupled and the trams were able to proceed unaided on normal tracks to the terminal station in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Überetsch Railway
The Überetsch Railway (german: Überetscher Bahn; it, Transatesina) connected Bolzano with the Mendel Funicular. This line was part of a rail sightseeing tour around the Mendelpass. The tour was made up of five railway lines and was often used by tourists. Track Just after the station of Bolzano the track branched off from the Brennerbahn and ran along the Eisack river. The line crossed the Talfer river and after two small stations (Ponte Roma and Ponte Resia) the line became split: one track proceeded to Meran and further to the Vinschgerbahn and one track branched away leftwards toward the low mountain range plateau of Überetsch. After a long bridge over the Adige The Adige (; german: Etsch ; vec, Àdexe ; rm, Adisch ; lld, Adesc; la, Athesis; grc, Ἄθεσις, Áthesis, or , ''Átagis'') is the second-longest river in Italy, after the Po. It rises near the Reschen Pass in the Vinschgau in the pro ... river, the line got steeper and after two short tunnels r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Julius Perathoner
Julius Perathoner (Dietenheim (Bruneck), February 28, 1849 – Bolzano, April 17, 1926) was an Austro-Hungarian politician who became an Italian citizen after the Treaty of Saint-Germain. He was one of the most important exponents of the Liberal Party in Tyrol and the last mayor of German ethnicity of the City of Bolzano from 1895 to 1922. On October 3, 1922 the democratically elected Perathoner was forcibly deposed as mayor during the March on Bozen/Bolzano from Italian fascists and replaced by a fascist functionary. Retrieved on 14 Feb 2018 Political views He was the last German-speaking mayor of the capital of the current |
Dolomiten
''Dolomiten'' is an Italian local daily newspaper, based in Bozen/Bolzano. It is the oldest and most important German-language newspaper published in South Tyrol, a region where German is spoken by the majority of the inhabitants. The title takes the German name of the local mountain range, the Dolomites. History Founded in 1882 as the ''Der Tiroler'', the paper was renamed ''Der Landsmann'' in August 1923 after the ban of use the "Tirolo" name in all its forms by the fascist government. In October 1925 the newspaper was forced to close due to its anti-fascist stance and reopened two years after, only under heavy and restrictive terms, as the media outlet of the catholic association Azione Cattolica, through the branch at the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Trento and in 1926 was renamed with the present name ''Dolomiten''. In 1943 the newspaper was closed again, by the German-Nazi administration in Italy, and a number of journalists were deported to the Dachau concentration camp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Innsbruck
Innsbruck (; bar, Innschbruck, label=Bavarian language, Austro-Bavarian ) is the capital of Tyrol (state), Tyrol and the List of cities and towns in Austria, fifth-largest city in Austria. On the Inn (river), River Inn, at its junction with the Wipptal, Wipp Valley, which provides access to the Brenner Pass to the south, it had a population of 132,493 in 2018. In the broad valley between high mountains, the so-called North Chain in the Karwendel Alps (Hafelekarspitze, ) to the north and Patscherkofel () and Serles () to the south, Innsbruck is an internationally renowned winter sports centre; it hosted the 1964 Winter Olympics, 1964 and 1976 Winter Olympics as well as the 1984 Winter Paralympics, 1984 and 1988 Winter Paralympics. It also hosted the first 2012 Winter Youth Olympics, Winter Youth Olympics in 2012. The name means "bridge over the Inn". History Antiquity The earliest traces suggest initial inhabitation in the early Stone Age. Surviving Ancient Rome, pre-Roman pla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
