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Thursday Lunches
Thursday Dinners ( pl, obiady czwartkowe, less commonly translated as Thursday Lunches) were gatherings of artists, intellectuals, architects, politicians and statesmen held by the last King of Poland, Stanislaus II Augustus during the Enlightenment period in Poland. History Stanislaus Augustus Poniatowski was famed as a patron of the arts and learning. It was during his reign that Poland's Age of Enlightenment (already begun in the 1730s–40s), reached its peak. It went into decline with the Third Partition of Poland in 1795. During the Age of Enlightenment, Warsaw was modernised and became a favourite meeting place for notable people in the worlds of art, architecture and literature along with other intellectuals and statesmen. The King invited influential figures of the time to his Thursday Dinners. He founded the School of Chivalry. The gatherings were usually held in the Royal Castle and in summer at the Palace on the Isle in Warsaw, between 1770 and 1784. During the g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warszawa Lazienki Park
Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officially estimated at 1.86 million residents within a greater metropolitan area of 3.1 million residents, which makes Warsaw the 7th most-populous city in the European Union. The city area measures and comprises 18 districts, while the metropolitan area covers . Warsaw is an Alpha global city, a major cultural, political and economic hub, and the country's seat of government. Warsaw traces its origins to a small fishing town in Masovia. The city rose to prominence in the late 16th century, when Sigismund III decided to move the Polish capital and his royal court from Kraków. Warsaw served as the de facto capital of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth until 1795, and subsequently as the seat of Napoleon's Duchy of Warsaw. The 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ignacy Potocki
Count Roman Ignacy Potocki, generally known as Ignacy Potocki (; 1750–1809), was a Polish nobleman, member of the influential magnate Potocki family, owner of Klementowice and Olesin (near Kurów), a politician, writer, and office holder. He was the Marshal of the Permanent Council (Rada Nieustająca) in 1778–1782, Grand Clerk of Lithuania from 1773, Court Marshal of Lithuania from 1783, Grand Marshal of Lithuania from 16 April 1791 to 1794. He was an educational activist, member of the Commission of National Education and the initiator and president of Society for Elementary Textbooks. He was an opponent of king Stanisław II August in the 1770s and 1780s, and a major figure in the Polish politics of that era. During the Great Sejm he was a leader of the Patriotic Party and the reform movement and eventually backed the King in many reform projects. An advocate of a pro-Prussian orientation, he helped conclude an alliance with Prussia in 1790. He co-authored the Constitut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1770s In Poland
Year 177 ( CLXXVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Commodus and Plautius (or, less frequently, year 930 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 177 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Lucius Aurelius Commodus Caesar (age 15) and Marcus Peducaeus Plautius Quintillus become Roman Consuls. * Commodus is given the title ''Augustus'', and is made co-emperor, with the same status as his father, Marcus Aurelius. * A systematic persecution of Christians begins in Rome; the followers take refuge in the catacombs. * The churches in southern Gaul are destroyed after a crowd accuses the local Christians of practicing cannibalism. * Forty-seven Christians are martyred in Lyon (Saint Blandina and Pothinus, bishop o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Culture
The culture of Poland ( pl, Kultura Polski ) is the product of its geography and distinct historical evolution, which is closely connected to an intricate thousand-year history. Polish culture forms an important part of western civilization and the western world, with significant contributions to art, music, philosophy, mathematics, science, politics and literature. Its unique character developed as a result of its geography at the confluence of various European regions. It is theorised and speculated that ethnic Poles and the other Lechites (Kashubians and Silesians) are the combination of descendants of West Slavs The West Slavs are Slavic peoples who speak the West Slavic languages. They separated from the common Slavic group around the 7th century, and established independent polities in Central Europe by the 8th to 9th centuries. The West Slavic lan ... and people indigenous to the region including Celts, Balts and Germanic tribes which were gradually Polonization, Po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Dining Events
This is a list of historic and contemporary dining events, which includes banquets, feasts, dinners and dinner parties. Such gatherings involving dining sometimes consist of elaborate affairs with full course dinners and various beverages, while others are simpler in nature. Banquets * Banquet of Chestnuts – known more properly as the "Ballet of Chestnuts", refers to a fête in Rome, and particularly to a supper purportedly held in the Papal Palace by former Cardinal Cesare Borgia, son of Pope Alexander VI on 30 October 1501. * Banquet of the Five Kings – a 1363 meeting of the kings of England, Scotland, France, Denmark and Cyprus * Julebord – a Scandinavian feast or banquet in the days before Christmas in December and partly November where there is served traditional Christmas food and alcoholic beverages, often in the form of a buffet. Many Julebords are characterized by large amounts of food and drink, both traditional and new, hot and cold dishes. There is often livel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paweł Piskorski
Paweł Bartłomiej Piskorski (born 25 February 1968 in Warsaw) is a former Polish politician. He was Mayor of Warsaw from 30 March 1999 to 14 January 2002. In 1997 he was elected to the Sejm from the Freedom Union electoral list, and in 2001, after participating in a secession from that party, he successfully ran under the Civic Platform banner. In 2004 he was the Secretary General of Civic Platform. He has been elected Member of the European Parliament in 2004. On 26 April 2006 he was excluded from the Civic Platform. Since February 2009 he has been the chairman of the Democratic Party. Alleged corruption In April 2006 Polish newspaper "Dziennik" informed about the purchase in 2005 by Pawel Piskorski and his wife of more than 320 hectares of land for afforestation. The total cost of the purchase amounted to 1.25 million zł. According to the newspaper’s journalist, this amount exceeded the value of assets declared by the MEP in a financial statement for that year. Pawel Piskor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrzej Zamoyski
Count Andrzej Hieronim Franciszek Zamoyski (12 February 1716 – 10 February 1792) was a Polish noble ( szlachcic). Knight of the Order of the White Eagle, awarded on 3 August 1758 in Warsaw. He was the 10th Ordynat of the ''Zamość Ordynacja'' properties. Between 1757 and 1764 voivode of the Inowrocław Voivodeship. From 1764 until 1767 Great Crown Chancellor and starost of Halicz, Lublin, Brodnica and Rostoki. He married Princess Konstancja Czartoryska in Warsaw in 1768, the daughter of Prince Stanisław Kostka Czartoryski and sister of Prince Józef Klemens Czartoryski's. In 1760 he was the first of the Polish magnates to replace serfdom on his estates. King Stanisław II Augustus and the Polish Sejm commissioned him in 1776 to produce a new legal code for Poland, which became known as the Zamoyski Code. By 1780, under Zamoyski's direction, a code (') had been produced. It would have strengthened royal power, made all officials answerable to the Sejm, placed the cl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tomasz Adam Ostrowski
Count Tomasz Adam Ostrowski (21 December 1735 – 5 February 1817) was a Polish nobleman ( szlachcic), politician, spokesman, statesman and ''Count'' since 1798. Tomasz became Colonel of the Crown Army in 1765, Chamberlain of King Stanisław II Augustus in 1767, castellan of Czersk since 1777, Court Treasurer since 1791, Marshal of the Sejm of the Duchy of Warsaw in 1809 and later President of the Senate of the Duchy of Warsaw and the Kingdom of Poland. He was a member of the Permanent Council (Rada Nieustająca), and an opponent of the Targowica Confederation. He was a member of the " Zgromadzenie Przyjaciół Konstytucji Rządowej" (Friends of the 3 May Constitution). He was politically tied to King Stanisław II Augustus, and he also participated in the "Thursday dinners" held annually by the king in his palace in Warsaw. He was the founder of Tomaszów Mazowiecki Biography Son of Piotr Ostrowski and Konstancja Stoińska. In 1765 he married Józefa Godlewska, with wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stanisław Konarski
Stanisław Konarski, Sch.P. (actual name: Hieronim Konarski; 30 September 1700 – 3 August 1773) was a Polish pedagogue, educational reformer, political writer, poet, dramatist, Piarist priest and precursor of the Enlightenment in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Konarski was born in Żarczyce Duże, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. He studied from 1725 to 1727 at the Collegium Nazarenum in Rome, where he became a teacher of rhetoric. After that he travelled through France, Germany and Austria and Poland to broaden his education. In 1730 he returned to Poland and began work on a new edition of Polish law, the '' Volumina legum''. From 1736 he taught at the Collegium Resoviense in Rzeszów. In 1740 he founded the Collegium Nobilium, an elite Warsaw school for sons of the gentry (''szlachta''). He founded the first public-reference library on the European mainland in 1747 in Warsaw. Thereafter he reformed Piarist education in Poland, in accordance with his educational progr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jędrzej Śniadecki
Jędrzej Śniadecki (archaic ''Andrew Sniadecki''; ; 30 November 1768 – 11 May 1838) was a Polish writer, physician, chemist, biologist and philosopher. His achievements include being the first person who linked rickets to lack of sunlight. He also created modern Polish terminology in the field of chemistry. Life and work Śniadecki was born in Żnin ( Greater Poland region) in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. After completing his university studies at the Chief Crown School in Kraków, he resided for some time in Italy and Scotland. In 1797, he was appointed to the Chair of Chemistry in the Medicine Faculty at the Main School in Vilnius (Wilno, Vilna), which in 1803 was renamed the Imperial University of Vilna. One of his students was Ignacy Domeyko. Śniadecki was also one of the main organizers and head of the recently created Wilno Medical-Surgical Academy. In 1806–1836 he headed the local Medical Scientific Society, one of the premier scientific societies in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Śniadecki
Jan Śniadecki (29 August 1756 – 9 November 1830) was a Polish mathematician, philosopher, and astronomer at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries. Life Born in Żnin, Śniadecki studied at Kraków Jagellonian University and in Paris. He was rector of the Imperial University of Vilnius, a member of the Commission of National Education, and director of astronomical observatories at Kraków () and Vilnius. He died at Jašiūnai Manor near Vilnius. Śniadecki published many works, including his observations on recently discovered planetoids. His ''O rachunku losów'' (On the Calculation of Chance, 1817) was a work in probability. He was brother to Jędrzej Śniadecki. Honours The lunar crater '' Sniadecki'' and the main-belt asteroid 1262 Sniadeckia were named in his honour. Works * "Rachunku algebraicznego teoria" (1783) * "Geografia, czyli opisanie matematyczne i fizyczne ziemi" (1804) * "Rozprawa o Koperniku" (''Discourse on Nicolaus Copernicus'', biography, 1802 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hugo Kołłątaj
Hugo Stumberg Kołłątaj, also spelled ''Kołłątay'' (pronounced , 1 April 1750 – 28 February 1812), was a prominent Polish constitutional reformer and educationalist, and one of the most prominent figures of the Polish Enlightenment. He served as Deputy Chancellor of the Crown, 1791–92. He was a Roman Catholic priest, social and political activist, political thinker, historian, philosopher, and polymath. Biography Early life Hugo Kołłątaj was born 1 April 1750 in Dederkały Wielkie (now in Western Ukraine) in Volhynia into a family of Polish nobility. Soon after, his family moved to Nieciesławice, near Sandomierz, where he spent his childhood. He attended school in Pińczów. He began his studies at the Kraków Academy, subsequently, Jagiellonian University, where he studied law and gained a doctorate. Afterwards, around 1775 he took holy orders. He studied in Vienna and Italy (Naples and Rome , established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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