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Three Bridges, London
Three Bridges, known formally as Windmill Bridge, is a three-level crossing of transportation routes in Southall, west London, England. Despite its name, the landmark features only two bridges—a road bridge over a canal, which is carried in an aqueduct over a railway, which is in a cutting. A road bridge spanned the canal since the early 18th century but the structure was replaced when the railway was built in 1856. The road bridge is a cast-iron arch and the aqueduct is a cast-iron trough, all supported by brick piers, abutments, and retaining walls. The crossing was designed by Isambard Kingdom Brunel, the last major project before his death. The site is a scheduled monument. History The crossing was built for the Great Western and Brentford Railway (GWBR, a subsidiary of the Great Western Railway, GWR), whose line ran from GWR's main line at Southall (nine miles—14.5 kilometres—west of Paddington station) to Brentford Dock on the River Thames. The railway crosses the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southall
Southall () is a large suburban town in West London, England, part of the London Borough of Ealing and is one of its seven major towns. It is situated west of Charing Cross and had a population of 69,857 as of 2011. It is generally divided in three parts: the mostly residential area around Lady Margaret Road ( Dormers Wells); the main commercial centre at High Street and Southall Broadway (part of the greater Uxbridge Road); and Old Southall/Southall Green to the south consisting of Southall railway station, industries and Norwood Green bounded by the M4. It was historically a municipal borough of Middlesex administered from Southall Town Hall until 1965. Southall is located on the Grand Union Canal (formerly the Grand Junction Canal) which first linked London with the rest of the growing canal system. It was one of the last canals to carry significant commercial traffic (through the 1950s) and is still open to traffic and is used by pleasure craft. The canal separates i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SS Great Eastern
SS ''Great Eastern'' was an iron-hull (watercraft), hulled steamship designed by Isambard Kingdom Brunel, and built by John Scott Russell & Co. at Millwall Iron Works on the River Thames, London, England. Powered by both sidewheels and a screw propeller, she was by far the largest ship ever built at the time of her 1858 launch, and had the capacity to carry 4,000 passengers from England to Australia without refuelling. Her length of was surpassed only in 1899, by the 17,274-gross-ton , her Gross register tonnage, gross tonnage of 18,915 was surpassed only in 1901, by the 20,904-gross-ton and her 4,000-passenger capacity was surpassed only in 1913, by the 4,234-passenger . Her five Funnel (ship), funnels (later reduced to four) was unusual for the time. She also had the largest set of paddle wheels in existence. Brunel knew her affectionately as the "Great Babe". He died in 1859 shortly after her maiden voyage, during which she was damaged by an explosion. After repairs, she ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Navigable Aqueducts In England
A body of water, such as a river, canal or lake, is navigable if it is deep, wide and calm enough for a water vessel (e.g. boats) to pass safely. Navigability is also referred to in the broader context of a body of water having sufficient under keel clearance for a vessel. Such a navigable water is called a ''waterway'', and is preferably with few obstructions against direct traverse that need avoiding, such as rocks, reefs or trees. Bridges built over waterways must have sufficient clearance. High flow speed may make a channel unnavigable due to risk of ship collisions. Waters may be unnavigable because of ice, particularly in winter or high-latitude regions. Navigability also depends on context: a small river may be navigable by smaller craft such as a motorboat or a kayak, but unnavigable by a larger cargo ship, freighter or cruise ship. Shallow rivers may be made navigable by the installation of locks that regulate flow and increase upstream water level, or by dredging ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bridges By Isambard Kingdom Brunel
A bridge is a structure built to span a physical obstacle (such as a body of water, valley, road, or railway) without blocking the path underneath. It is constructed for the purpose of providing passage over the obstacle, which is usually something that is otherwise difficult or impossible to cross. There are many different designs of bridges, each serving a particular purpose and applicable to different situations. Designs of bridges vary depending on factors such as the function of the bridge, the nature of the terrain where the bridge is constructed and anchored, the material used to make it, and the funds available to build it. The earliest bridges were likely made with fallen trees and stepping stones. The Neolithic people built boardwalk bridges across marshland. The Arkadiko Bridge, dating from the 13th century BC, in the Peloponnese is one of the oldest arch bridges in existence and use. Etymology The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' traces the origin of the word ''bridge' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Canal Aqueducts In Great Britain
This list of canal aqueducts in the United Kingdom covers Navigable aqueduct, aqueducts that have articles in Wikipedia. The actual number of canal aqueducts is much greater. See also *:Aqueducts in the United Kingdom *Navigable aqueduct *Canals of the United Kingdom *List of canal basins in the United Kingdom *List of canal junctions in the United Kingdom *List of canal locks in the United Kingdom *List of canal tunnels in the United Kingdom References {{DEFAULTSORT:Canal Aqueducts In The United Kingdom Navigable aqueducts in the United Kingdom, Lists of buildings and structures in the United Kingdom, Canal aqueducts Lists of bridges in the United Kingdom, Canal aqueducts United Kingdom transport-related lists, Canal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scheduled Monuments In Greater London
The following is a list of Scheduled monuments in Greater London. In the United Kingdom, a scheduled monument is a "nationally important" archaeological site or historic building that has been given protection against unauthorised change by being placed on a list (or "schedule") by the Secretary of State for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS); Historic England takes the leading role in identifying such sites. Monuments are defined in the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 and the National Heritage Act 1983. Scheduled monuments—sometimes referred to as scheduled ancient monuments—can also be protected through listed building procedures, and Historic England considers listed building status to be a better way of protecting buildings and standing structures. A scheduled monument that is later determined to "no longer merit scheduling" can be rescheduled. List References {{London history Lists of scheduled monuments in England, Greater London Protect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wharncliffe Viaduct
The Wharncliffe Viaduct is a brick-built viaduct that carries the Great Western Main Line railway across the Brent Valley, between Hanwell and Southall, Ealing, UK, at an elevation of . The viaduct, built in 1836–7, was constructed for the opening of the Great Western Railway (GWR). It is situated between Southall and Hanwell stations, the latter station being only a very short distance away to the east. The viaduct was the first major structural design by Isambard Kingdom Brunel, the first building contract to be let on the GWR project, and the first major engineering work to be completed. It was also the first railway viaduct to be built with hollow piers, a feature much appreciated by a colony of bats which has since taken up residence within. Background The Great Western Railway was established in 1835 to build a line from London in the east to Bristol in the west. Its chief engineer was Isambard Kingdom Brunel, who personally supervised all major civil engineering work ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strainer Arch
A strainer arch (also straining arch) is an internal structural arch built to relieve the inward pressure off the spanned vertical supports (providing a "buttress", thus also called buttressing arches), usually as an afterthought to prevent the supports from imploding due to miscalculation. In the past they were frequently adorned with decoration, with one of the best examples provided by Wells Cathedral. Strainer arches can be " inverted" (upside-down) while remaining structural. The typical construction of Romanesque and Gothic churches includes east-to-west arcades, where each arch is buttressed by its neighbours. The issue at the east end is resolved using the buttressing of an apse to the choir, while at the west end a massive "westwork" is used. In a large church a similar problem occurs at the crossing, where the arcades of the nave and choir have to terminate. A "spectacular" solution for the crossing buttressing issue at Wells Cathedral was found by William Joy (133 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wing Wall
A wing wall (also "wingwall" or "wing-wall") is a smaller wall attached or next to a larger wall or structure. Bridges In a bridge, the wing walls are adjacent to the abutments and act as retaining walls. They are generally constructed of the same material as those of abutments. The wing walls can either be attached to the abutment or be independent of it. Wing walls are provided at both ends of the abutments to retain the earth filling of the approaches. Their design depends upon the nature of the embankment and does not depend upon the type or parts of the bridge. The soil and fill supporting the roadway and approach embankment are retained by the wing walls, which can be at a right angle to the abutment or splayed at different angles. The wing walls are generally constructed at the same time and of the same materials as the abutments. Classification of wing walls Wing walls can be classified according to their position in plan with respect to banks and abutments. The classif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Retaining Wall
Retaining walls are relatively rigid walls used for supporting soil laterally so that it can be retained at different levels on the two sides. Retaining walls are structures designed to restrain soil to a slope that it would not naturally keep to (typically a steep, near-vertical or vertical slope). They are used to bound soils between two different elevations often in areas of inconveniently steep terrain in areas where the landscape needs to be shaped severely and engineered for more specific purposes like hillside farming or roadway overpasses. A retaining wall that retains soil on the backside and water on the frontside is called a seawall or a bulkhead. Definition A retaining wall is designed to hold in place a mass of earth or the like, such as the edge of a terrace or excavation. The structure is constructed to resist the lateral pressure of soil when there is a desired change in ground elevation that exceeds the angle of repose of the soil. A basement wall is thus one k ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Towpath
A towpath is a road or trail on the bank of a river, canal, or other inland waterway. The purpose of a towpath is to allow a land vehicle, Working animal, beasts of burden, or a team of human pullers to tow a boat, often a barge. This mode of transport was common where sailing was impractical because of tunnels and bridges, unfavorable winds, or the narrowness of the channel. After the Industrial Revolution, towing became obsolete when engines were fitted on boats and when railway transportation superseded the slow towing method. Since then, many of these towpaths have been converted to Multi-use trail#Multi-use trails, multi-use trails and footpaths. They are still named towpaths — although they are now only occasionally used for the purpose of towing boats. History Early inland waterway transport used the rivers, and while barges could use sails to assist their passage when winds were favourable or the river was wide enough to allow tacking, in many cases this was not ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Standard Gauge
A standard-gauge railway is a railway with a track gauge of . The standard gauge is also called Stephenson gauge (after George Stephenson), international gauge, UIC gauge, uniform gauge, normal gauge in Europe, and SGR in East Africa. It is the most widely used track gauge around the world, with about 55% of the lines in the world using it. All high-speed rail lines use standard gauge except High-speed rail in Russia, those in Russia, High-speed rail in Finland, Finland, High-speed rail in Uzbekistan, Uzbekistan, and some line sections in High-speed rail in Spain, Spain. The distance between the inside edges of the heads of the rails is defined to be 1,435 mm except in the United States, Canada, and on some heritage British lines, where it is defined in Imperial and US customary measurement systems, U.S. customary/Imperial units, British Imperial units as exactly "four feet eight and one half inches", which is equivalent to 1,435.1mm. History As railways developed and expa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
