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The Young Guard (film)
''The Young Guard'' (russian: link=no, Молодая гвардия, translit. Molodaya Gvardiya) is a two-part 1948 Soviet film directed by Sergei Gerasimov and based on the novel of the same title by Alexander Fadeyev. In 1949 a Stalin Prize for this film was awarded to Gerasimov, cinematographer Vladimir Rapoport, and the group of leading actors. The film was also the highest grossing Soviet film of 1948, with approximately 48,600,000 tickets sold. Synopsis The film is set in July 1942 during The Great Patriotic War. Part of the Red Army leaves the mining town Krasnodon. After that, the city gets occupied by the German troops. Enemy machines destroy their path and members of the Komsomol group are forced to return home. In response to the atrocities of the invaders, the young Komsomol members, who are former students, create an underground anti-fascist Komsomol organization Young Guard. This organization leads a covert war against the occupation forces; young men spr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergei Gerasimov (film Director)
Sergei Appolinarievich Gerasimov (russian: Серге́й Апполина́риевич Гера́симов; 21 May 1906 – 26 November 1985) was a Soviet film director and screenwriter. The oldest film school in the world, the Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography (VGIK), bears his name. Early life and education Gerasimov was born on 21 May 1906. Career Gerasimov started his film industry career as an actor in 1924. At first he appeared in Kozintsev and Trauberg films, such as ''The Overcoat'' and ''The New Babylon''. Later, he was commissioned to produce screen versions of the literary classics of socialist realism. His epic screenings of Alexander Fadeyev's '' The Young Guard'' (1948) and Mikhail Sholokhov's '' And Quiet Flows the Don'' (1957–58) were extolled by the authorities as exemplary. During several decades of their teaching in the VGIK Gerasimov and his wife Tamara Makarova prepared many generations of Russian actors. He also taught acclaimed actor Georgiy Z ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Army
The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (Russian: Рабо́че-крестья́нская Кра́сная армия),) often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and, after 1922, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The army was established in January 1918. The Bolsheviks raised an army to oppose the military confederations (especially the various groups collectively known as the White Army) of their adversaries during the Russian Civil War. Starting in February 1946, the Red Army, along with the Soviet Navy, embodied the main component of the Soviet Armed Forces; taking the official name of "Soviet Army", until its dissolution in 1991. The Red Army provided the largest land force in the Allied victory in the European theatre of World War II, and its invasion of Manchuria assisted the unconditional surrender of Imperial Japan. During operations on the Eastern Front, it accounted for 75–80% of casual ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yevgeny Morgunov
Yevgeny Alexandrovich Morgunov (russian: Евге́ний Алекса́ндрович Моргуно́в; April 27, 1927 – June 25, 1999) was a Soviet and Russian actor, film director, and script writer, Merited Artist of Russian SFSR (1978). Early life He started out as a worker in a Moscow factory, but - "a little naive and obsessed with becoming an actor" - he wrote a letter to Joseph Stalin about his dream. Morgunov reportedly received a reply from Stalin that said that a place was allocated for him in the acting class at the State Institute of Cinematography. Morgunov launched his film career while still a student. Career Yevgeny Morgunov was one of Russia's leading comic actors.''Soviet-Era Comic Screen Legend Dies.'' Valeria Korchagina. The Moscow Times. No. 1738. June 29, 1999. "Plump and bald," Morgunov often "represented a traditional character of Soviet satire - Byvaly, or Experienced, a slightly dull, strong-built drunk whose attempts to commit petty crimes alw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hilfspolizei
The ''Hilfspolizei'' (abbreviated ''HiPo'' or ''Hipo''; meaning "auxiliary police") was a short-lived auxiliary police force in Nazi Germany in 1933. The term was later semi-officially used for various auxiliary organizations subordinated to the Ordnungspolizei as well as various military and paramilitary units set up during World War II in German-occupied Europe. Hipo 1933 Hermann Göring, newly appointed as Interior Minister of Prussia, established the Hilfspolizei on 22 February 1933 to assist regular police in maintaining order and later in handling communists in the wake of the Reichstag fire. The organization quickly spread from Prussia to other German states and Hitler endorsed it in the Reichstag Fire Decree. The units were staffed mainly by members of Sturmabteilung (SA) and Allgemeine SS wearing SA or SS uniforms with a white brassard. It is estimated that the auxiliary units had 25,000 SA and 15,000 SS members. The units also included members of ''Der Stahlhelm'' vete ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aleksandr Antonov (actor)
Aleksandr Pavlovich Antonov (russian: Александр Павлович Антонов; 13 February 1898, in Moscow – 26 November 1962) was a Soviet film actor who had a lengthy career, stretching from the silent era to the 1950s. Antonov was named Merited Artist of the Russian Federation in 1950. Antonov was a member of the Moscow Proletarian Culture Theater between the years 1920–1924 when he met Sergei Eisenshtein, who cast him in his directorial debut short film Glumov's Diary (1923) and in his first full-length feature ''Strike'' (1924). Eisenshtein then gave Antonov the part of Bolshevik leader Grigory Vakulinchuk in ''The Battleship Potemkin'' (1925), which remains his best known role. Antonov continued his career into both the late silent and the sound period where he usually played episodic character actor roles of either proletarians or sailors. He worked with leading directors, including Ivan Pyryev on ''A Rich Bride (1938), Vsevolod Pudovkin on ''Suvorov'' (194 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viktor Avdyushko
Viktor Antonovich Avdyushko ( Russian: ''Виктор Антонович Авдюшко''; January 11, 1925 – November 19, 1975) was a Soviet actor and a People's Artist of the Russian SFSR. Biography Early life Avdyushko was born to a father who worked as a weight inspector in the Kiyevsky Rail Terminal and to a housewife mother, who also raised one older daughter. Initially a student in the Moscow Aviation Institute, he left it and was admitted into the All-Union State Institute of Cinematography, where he studied under Yuli Raizman. He graduated from the academy in 1949, and joined the regular cast of the Mosfilm studio. Breakthrough He made his debut on screen with a minor role in Sergei Gerasimov's 1948 film '' The Young Guard''. Avdyushko continued to play supporting characters during the following years, in pictures such as '' Cossacks of the Kuban'' and '' Hostile Whirlwinds''. He was given his first major appearance in the 1955 '' Heroes of Shipka'', when he d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juliana Gromova
Ulyana Matveyevna Gromova ( uk, Уляна Матвіївна Громова, translit=Uliana Matviyivna Hromova; russian: Ульяна Матвеевна Громова; 3 January 1924 – 16 January 1943) was a Soviet Ukrainian partisan who was a member of the Young Guard resistance movement in Krasnodon, in modern-day eastern Ukraine. She was executed by the Nazis in 1943, along with the rest of the Young Guard's leadership, and was posthumously declared a Hero of the Soviet Union. Early life Gromova was born to working-class family on 3 January 1924 in the village of Pervomaysky ( en, "May First", named for International Labor Day) in what is now the Krasnodon Raion of Luhansk Oblast of Ukraine (then in the Ukrainian SSR of the Soviet Union; Lugansk Province was not established until 1938). Gromova's father, Matthew Maximovich Gromov, was born in 1880 in Poltava Province of Ukraine, then part of the Russian Empire. Gromova's father served in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lyubov Shevtsova
Lyubov Shevtsova (russian: Любовь Шевцова; 8 September 1924 – 9 February 1943) was a Soviet partisan and a member of the Young Guard, an underground anti-Nazi organization in Krasnodon during World War II. Early life Shevtsova was born in Izvaryne, Krasnodon District in 24 September 1924 to a working-class Russian family. Her father had fought in the First World War and the Russian Civil War on the side of the Red Army; her mother worked at a field hospital as a nurse. Her family moved within the limits of Krasnodon Krasnodon (Ukrainian language, Ukrainian, Russian language, Russian: Краснодон) is a city in Luhansk Oblast (Oblast, region) of eastern Ukraine. It is incorporated as a city of regional significance (Ukraine), city of oblast significanc ... city in 1927, where she graduated from seven grades of school before applying to a theater school in Rostov. However, the German invasion of the Soviet Union began shortly after she applied. Partisan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oleg Koshevoy
Oleg Vasilyevich Koshevoy ( uk, Олег Васильoвич Кошoвий, translit. ''Oleh Vasyl'ovych Koshovyi''; russian: Олег Васильевич Кошевой) (June 8, 1926 – February 9, 1943) was a Soviet partisan and one of the founders of the clandestine organization Young Guard, which fought the Nazi forces in Krasnodon during World War II between 1941 and 1945. Born in Pryluky, a city in the Chernihiv Oblast ( province) of present-day north-central Ukraine (at the time a part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic), Oleg Koshevoy's family moved south to Rzhyshchiv and Poltava before settling in Krasnodon (at the eastern border of Ukraine) in 1940, where he attended secondary school. In July 1942, Krasnodon was occupied by the German Army. Under the leadership of the party underground, Koshevoy organized an anti-nazi Komsomol (Communist Youth) organization called the ''Young Guard'' (russian: Молодая гвардия, translit. ''Molodaya gvar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flag Of The Soviet Union
The State Flag of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (), commonly known as the Soviet flag (), was the official state flag of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) from 1922 to 1991. The flag's design and symbolism are derived from several sources, but emerged during the Russian Revolution. The flag is also an international symbol of the communist movement as a whole. The design is a solid field of red adorned with a unique gold emblem in the upper hoist quarter. The red flag was a traditional revolutionary symbol long before 1917, and its incorporation into the flag paid tribute to the international aspect of workers' revolution. The iconic hammer and sickle design was a modern industrial touch adopted from the Russian Revolution. The union of the hammer (workers) and the sickle (peasants) represents the victorious and enduring revolutionary alliance. The famous emblem is topped by a gold-bordered red star representing the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red October
The October Revolution,. officially known as the Great October Socialist Revolution. in the Soviet Union, also known as the Bolshevik Revolution, was a revolution in Russia led by the Bolshevik Party of Vladimir Lenin that was a key moment in the larger Russian Revolution of 1917–1923. It was the second revolutionary change of government in Russia in 1917. It took place through an armed insurrection in Petrograd (now Saint Petersburg) on . It was the precipitating event of the Russian Civil War. The October Revolution followed and capitalized on the February Revolution earlier that year, which had overthrown the Tsarist autocracy, resulting in a liberal provisional government. The provisional government had taken power after being proclaimed by Grand Duke Michael, Tsar Nicholas II's younger brother, who declined to take power after the Tsar stepped down. During this time, urban workers began to organize into councils ( soviets) wherein revolutionaries criticiz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Young Guard (Soviet Resistance)
The Young Guard (russian: Молодая гвардия, translit. Molodaya gvardiya, uk, Молода гвардія, translit. Moloda hvardiya) was an underground anti-fascist Komsomol organization, in the German-occupied Soviet city of Krasnodon (Ukrainian SSR, now Luhansk Oblast of Ukraine). They were active during World War II, until January 1943. They carried out several acts of sabotage and protest before being destroyed by German forces. Most members of the Young Guard, about 80 people, were tortured and then executed by the Germans. History The Young Guard was established soon after Krasnodon was occupied by Nazi Germany on 20 July 1942. Several youth groups amalgamated, calling themselves the Young Guard. One of the first meetings of the organization was held on 2 October the same year. The organization was led by the local Communist Party underground of Krasnodon, headed by Filipp Lyutikov. Lyutikov was the former head of the parents' committee of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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