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The Victory Of Faith (painting)
''The Victory of Faith'' is an oil painting, oil on canvas painting by Irish artist Saint George Hare that was completed in 1891. It depicts two sleeping Nude (art), nude women, one shackled, likely Christian martyrs sentenced to death by beasts (see ''damnatio ad bestias''). ''The Victory of Faith'' is one of several paintings by Hare showing shackled women, another notable example being ''The Gilded Cage (Saint George Hare painting), The Gilded Cage''. A contemporary article in ''The Homiletic Review'' called it an "impressive depiction of Christian faith and steadfastness" and described the two women to be in a "sisterly embrace", while a modern description by Kobena Mercer named the work as an example of an interracial lesbian couple, likening it to ''Les Amis'' by Jules Robert Auguste. ''The Victory of Faith'' was exhibited at the Royal Academy Summer Exhibition of 1891 and at the World's Columbian Exposition in 1893. It is currently at the National Gallery of Victoria in Me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saint George Hare
Saint George Hare (5 July 1857 Limerick – London, 1933) was an Irish artist. Life He was the son of George Frederick Hare, a dentist from Ipswich, and his wife, Ella, from County Wexford. He was formally educated in art in Limerick School of Art, where he spent three years under the tutelage of Nicholas Brophy. In 1875, he received a scholarship and moved to London to study for seven years at the National Art Training School, South Kensington. He won a gold medal for his history painting "Death of William the Conqueror," which was exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1886. He supplemented his income from painting with teaching. In 1891, he was a founding member of the Chelsea Arts Club. He was an elected member of both the Royal Institute of Painters in Water Colours and the Royal Institute of Oil Painters. Sir Hugh Lane included his work in the London Guildhall exhibition of Irish painters in 1906 and his work was also exhibited regularly at the Walker Gallery, Liverpool an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lesbian
A lesbian is a Homosexuality, homosexual woman.Zimmerman, p. 453. The word is also used for women in relation to their sexual identity or sexual behavior, regardless of sexual orientation, or as an adjective to characterize or associate nouns with female homosexuality or same-sex attraction. The concept of "lesbian" to differentiate women with a shared sexual orientation evolved in the 20th century. Throughout history, women have not had the same freedom or independence as men to pursue homosexual relationships, but neither have they met the same harsh punishment as homosexual men in some societies. Instead, lesbian relationships have often been regarded as harmless, unless a participant attempts to assert privileges traditionally enjoyed by men. As a result, little in history was documented to give an accurate description of how female homosexuality was expressed. When early sexologists in the late 19th century began to categorize and describe homosexual behavior, hampere ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1891 Paintings
Events January–March * January 1 ** Paying of old age pensions begins in Germany. ** A strike of 500 Hungarian steel workers occurs; 3,000 men are out of work as a consequence. **Germany takes formal possession of its new African territories. * January 2 – A. L. Drummond of New York is appointed Chief of the Treasury Secret Service. * January 4 – The Earl of Zetland issues a declaration regarding the famine in the western counties of Ireland. * January 5 **The Australian shearers' strike, that leads indirectly to the foundation of the Australian Labor Party, begins. **A fight between the United States and Indians breaks out near Pine Ridge agency. ** Henry B. Brown, of Michigan, is sworn in as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court. **A fight between railway strikers and police breaks out at Motherwell, Scotland. * January 6 – Encounters continue, between strikers and the authorities at Glasgow. * January 7 ** General Miles' forces s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Theatre (magazine)
''The Theatre'' was a magazine published in London between 1877 and 1897. It contained reviews of theatre productions around the world, theatrical news, short stories, verse and biographical sketches of important figures of the time, written by prominent critics, playwrights, managers and actors, and illustrated with Woodburytype photographs. Its longest-serving editor was Clement Scott, the most influential British drama critic of his time, and under his editorship ''The Theatre'' was regarded as the leading British theatre magazine. History Early years According to the ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (ODNB), ''The Theatre'' was founded by the actor-manager Henry Irving, initially as a vehicle for his self-promotion.Emeljanow, Victor"Scott, Clement William (1841–1904), theatre critic" ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press, 2008. Retrieved 15 August 2021 Its first editor was Frederick William Hawkins, best known for his biography of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Funk & Wagnalls
Funk & Wagnalls was an American publisher known for its reference works, including ''A Standard Dictionary of the English Language'' (1st ed. 1893–5), and the ''Funk & Wagnalls Standard Encyclopedia'' (25 volumes, 1st ed. 1912).Funk & Wagnalls New Encyclopedia, 1996 The encyclopedia was renamed ''Funk & Wagnalls New Standard Encyclopedia'' in 1931 and in 1945, it was known as ''New Funk & Wagnalls Encyclopedia'', ''Universal Standard Encyclopedia'', ''Funk & Wagnalls Standard Reference Encyclopedia'', and ''Funk & Wagnalls New Encyclopedia'' (29 volumes, 1st ed. 1971). The last printing of ''Funk & Wagnalls New Encyclopedia'' was in 1997. , annual Yearbooks are still in production. The I.K. Funk & Company, founded in 1875, was renamed Funk & Wagnalls Company after two years, and later became Funk & Wagnalls Inc., then Funk & Wagnalls Corporation. History Isaac Kaufmann Funk founded the business in 1875 as I.K. Funk & Company. In 1877, Adam Willis Wagnalls, one of Funk's class ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World's Columbian Exposition
The World's Columbian Exposition (also known as the Chicago World's Fair) was a world's fair held in Chicago (''City in a Garden''); I Will , image_map = , map_caption = Interactive Map of Chicago , coordinates = , coordinates_footnotes = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name ... in 1893 to celebrate the 400th anniversary of Christopher Columbus's arrival in the New World in 1492. The centerpiece of the Fair, held in Jackson Park (Chicago), Jackson Park, was a large water pool representing the voyage Columbus took to the New World. Chicago had won the right to host the fair over several other cities, including New York City, Washington, D.C., and St. Louis. The exposition was an influential social and cultural event and had a profound effect on American Architecture of the United States, architecture, the arts, American industrial optimism, and Chicago's image. The layout of the Chicago Columbian E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Academy Summer Exhibition
The Summer Exhibition is an open art exhibition held annually by the Royal Academy in Burlington House, Piccadilly in central London, England, during the months of June, July, and August. The exhibition includes paintings, prints, drawings, sculpture, architecture, architectural designs and models, and is the largest and most popular open exhibition in the United Kingdom. It is also "the longest continuously staged exhibition of contemporary art in the world". When the Royal Academy was founded in 1768 one of its key objectives was to establish an annual exhibition, open to all artists of merit, which could be visited by the public. The first Summer Exhibition took place in 1769; it has been held every year since without exception. History In 1768, a group of artists visited King George III and sought his permission to establish a society for Arts and Design. They proposed the idea of an annual exhibition and a school design. King George III approved of the idea and the first ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jules Robert Auguste
Jules Robert Auguste (1789 – 15 April 1850) was a French painter associated with Romanticism and classicism Classicism, in the arts, refers generally to a high regard for a classical period, classical antiquity in the Western tradition, as setting standards for taste which the classicists seek to emulate. In its purest form, classicism is an aesthet .... 19th-century French painters French male painters 1789 births 1850 deaths 19th-century French male artists 18th-century French male artists {{France-painter-18thC-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kobena Mercer
Kobena Mercer (born 1960) is a British art historian and writer on contemporary art and visual culture. His writing on Robert Mapplethorpe and Rotimi Fani-Kayode has been described as "among the most incisive (and delightful to read) critiques of simple identity-based politics in the field of cultural studies." Life and work Mercer was born in London in 1960. He was educated in Ghana and England and graduated with a bachelor's degree in Fine Art at Saint Martins School of Art. He gained his doctorate by completing a PhD at Goldsmiths College in 1990.Durden, M., 2013. ''Fifty Key Writers on Photography'', Routledge. Much of Mercer's writing has focused on the work and cultural context of black British artists, including monographs for Keith Piper, Rotimi Fani-Kayode and Hew Locke – as well as on contemporary and modern art of the African Diaspora more widely. He has contributed essays to numerous anthologies in the fields of cultural studies and contemporary art, including h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oil Painting
Oil painting is the process of painting with pigments with a medium of drying oil as the binder. It has been the most common technique for artistic painting on wood panel or canvas for several centuries, spreading from Europe to the rest of the world. The advantages of oil for painting images include "greater flexibility, richer and denser colour, the use of layers, and a wider range from light to dark". But the process is slower, especially when one layer of paint needs to be allowed to dry before another is applied. The oldest known oil paintings were created by Buddhist artists in Afghanistan and date back to the 7th century AD. The technique of binding pigments in oil was later brought to Europe in the 15th century, about 900 years later. The adoption of oil paint by Europeans began with Early Netherlandish painting in Northern Europe, and by the height of the Renaissance, oil painting techniques had almost completely replaced the use of tempera paints in the majority ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Gilded Cage (Saint George Hare Painting)
''The Gilded Cage'' is a 1908 oil painting by Irish artist Saint George Hare, one of several of his shackled female images including his more famous ''The'' ''Victory of Faith''. It depicts a lone, sleeping woman shackled by the wrists to a column while butterflies fly past. Its title may have been inspired by the 1900 song "A Bird in a Gilded Cage "A Bird in a Gilded Cage" is a song composed by Arthur J. Lamb and Harry Von Tilzer. It was a sentimental ballad (or tear-jerker) that became one of the most popular songs of 1900, reportedly selling more than two million copies in sheet music.R ..." and the painting may have symbolic meaning. According to the National Gallery of Victoria (Australia), "The depiction of naked women in chains seemed to hold a special interest for Hare, and he returned to the subject frequently". Despite the captive's partial nudity she retains her innocence as her state of being disrobed is forced upon her by her captors rather than being her own c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Damnatio Ad Bestias
''Damnatio ad bestias'' (Latin for "condemnation to beasts") was a form of Roman capital punishment where the condemned person was killed by wild animals, usually lions or other big cats. This form of execution, which first appeared during the Roman Republic around the 2nd century BC, had been part of a wider class of blood sports called ''Bestiarii''. The act of ''damnatio ad bestias'' was considered a common form of entertainment for the lower class citizens of Rome (plebeians). Killing by wild animals, such as Barbary lions, formed part of the inaugural games of the Flavian Amphitheatre in AD 80. Between the 1st and 3rd centuries AD, this penalty was also applied to the worst of criminals, runaway slaves, and Christians. History The exact purpose of the early ''damnatio ad bestias'' is not known and might have been a religious sacrifice rather than a legal punishment, especially in the regions where lions existed naturally and were revered by the population, such as Africa, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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