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The McDonogh Three
The McDonogh Three is a nickname for the three girls who desegregated McDonogh 19 Elementary School, in New Orleans.Tate, Leona, ''Gliding past mobs, towards an education'' (accessed May 20, 2012). Even though segregated schools had been illegal since the '''' case in 1954, no states in the American Deep South had taken action to integrate their schools.''Ruby’s Story'' (accessed May 2, 2012). [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
McDonogh 19 Elementary School
McDonogh 19 Elementary School is an American elementary school located at 5909 St. Claude Avenue in the Lower Ninth Ward of New Orleans, Louisiana. Along with William Frantz Elementary School, it was involved in the New Orleans school desegregation crisis during 1960. History Background The school was built in 1929. It was funded by John McDonogh through the McDonogh Fund which built schools in New Orleans and in Baltimore, Maryland. It was designed in Italian Renaissance Revival style by the New Orleans Parish School Board's architect E.A. Christy. Desegregation It was an all-white school, integrated in the fall of 1960 by three young black girls, Leona Tate, Tessie Prevost, and Gail Etienne, known as the McDonogh Three. With historic photos, plans, and 44 photos from 2016. Post-integration It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016. In 2021, the building was purchased by Leona Tate and her foundation, to be transformed into a museum chr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
McLaurin V
McLaurin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:: * Anselm J. McLaurin (1848–1909), American politician from Mississippi * Bette McLaurin, American singer * John L. McLaurin (1860–1934), American politician from South Carolina * Marcus McLaurin, American comic-book writer * Ralph McLaurin (1885–1943), American baseball player and coach * Terry McLaurin (born 1996), American football player * Virginia McLaurin (1909-2022), American social worker * Colin MacLaurin (1698–1764), also spelt McLaurin, Scottish mathematician noted for the mathematical series named after him See also * McLaurin, Mississippi, unincorporated community, United States * Maclaurin * Clan MacLaren Clan MacLaren ( gd, Cinneadh MacLabhrainn) is a Highland Scottish clan.Way, George and Squire, Romily. ''Collins Scottish Clan & Family Encyclopedia''. (Foreword by The Rt Hon. The Earl of Elgin KT, Convenor, The Standing Council of Scottish C ... * '' McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Education In New Orleans
New Orleans ( , ,New Orleans . ; french: La Nouvelle-Orléans , es, Nueva Orleans) is a consolidated city-parish located along the in the southeastern region of the of . Wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Desegregated Public Schools In New Orleans
Public schools in New Orleans, Louisiana, were desegregated to a significant degree for a period of almost seven years during the Reconstruction Era following the Civil War of the United States.Louis R. Harlan, “Desegregation in New Orleans Public Schools During Reconstruction,” ''The American Historical Review 67'' (Apr., 1962). Desegregation of this scale was not seen again in the Southern United States until after the 1954 federal court ruling ''Brown v. Board of Education'' established that segregated facilities were unconstitutional. The 1867 Louisiana constitution, with its provision that racial segregation was no longer to be permitted in public facilities, marked the beginning of three years of legal wrangling and evasion by whites resistant to the idea of integrated schools.Dale A. Somers, "Black and White in New Orleans: A Study in Urban Race Relations, 1865-1900," ''The Journal of Southern History 40''(Feb., 1974): 23-24. A court decision on school desegregation in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orleans Parish School Board
The Orleans Parish School Board (OPSB) governs the public school system that serves New Orleans, Louisiana. It includes the entirety of Orleans Parish, coterminous with New Orleans. The OPSB directly administers 6 schools and has granted charters to another 18. Though the Orleans Parish School Board has retained ownership of all the assets of the New Orleans Public Schools system, including all school buildings, approximately 93% of students attending publicly-funded schools post- Katrina in Orleans Parish attended charter schools.''New Orleans District Moves To An All-Charter System.'' https://www.npr.org/blogs/ed/2014/05/30/317374739/new-orleans-district-moves-to-an-all-charter-system Schools previously operating under the Recovery School District umbrella within Orleans Parish after Katrina were, as of the fall of 2014, publicly funded and privately operated charter schools. The RSD returned all its schools to the OPSB in 2018. The headquarters of the OPSB is in the Wes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plessy V
''Plessy v. Ferguson'', 163 U.S. 537 (1896), was a landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision in which the Court ruled that racial segregation laws did not violate the U.S. Constitution as long as the facilities for each race were equal in quality, a doctrine that came to be known as "separate but equal". The decision legitimized the many state laws re-establishing racial segregation that had been passed in the American South after the end of the Reconstruction era (1865–1877). The underlying case began in 1892 when Homer Plessy, a mixed-race man, deliberately boarded a "whites-only" train car in New Orleans. By boarding the whites-only car, Plessy violated Louisiana's Separate Car Act of 1890, which required "equal, but separate" railroad accommodations for white and non-white passengers. Plessy was charged under the Act, and at his trial his lawyers argued that judge John Howard Ferguson should dismiss the charges on the grounds that the Act was unconstitutional. Ferguson den ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fourteenth Amendment To The United States Constitution
The Fourteenth Amendment (Amendment XIV) to the United States Constitution was adopted on July 9, 1868, as one of the Reconstruction Amendments. Often considered as one of the most consequential amendments, it addresses citizenship rights and equal protection under the law and was proposed in response to issues related to former slaves following the American Civil War. The amendment was bitterly contested, particularly by the states of the defeated Confederacy, which were forced to ratify it in order to regain representation in Congress. The amendment, particularly its first section, is one of the most litigated parts of the Constitution, forming the basis for landmark Supreme Court decisions such as ''Brown v. Board of Education'' (1954) regarding racial segregation, ''Roe v. Wade'' (1973) regarding abortion ( overturned in 2022), ''Bush v. Gore'' (2000) regarding the 2000 presidential election, and ''Obergefell v. Hodges'' (2015) regarding same-sex marriage. The amendment ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thurgood Marshall
Thurgood Marshall (July 2, 1908 – January 24, 1993) was an American civil rights lawyer and jurist who served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1967 until 1991. He was the Supreme Court's first African-American justice. Prior to his judicial service, he was an attorney who fought for civil rights, leading the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund. Marshall coordinated the assault on racial segregation in schools. He won 29 of the 32 civil rights cases he argued before the Supreme Court, culminating in the Court's landmark 1954 decision in ''Brown v. Board of Education'', which rejected the separate but equal doctrine and held segregation in public education to be unconstitutional. President Lyndon B. Johnson appointed Marshall to the Supreme Court in 1967. A staunch liberal, he frequently dissented as the Court became increasingly conservative. Born in Baltimore, Maryland, Marshall attended Lincoln University and the Howard Universi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Frantz Elementary School
William Frantz Elementary School is an American elementary school located at 3811 North Galvez Street, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70117. Along with McDonogh No. 19 Elementary School, it was involved in the New Orleans school desegregation crisis during 1960. William Frantz Elementary School was one of the first all-white elementary schools in the Deep South to be integrated when Ruby Bridges became the first African-American student to attend the school. In 1960, when Bridges was six years of age, her parents responded to a request from the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and volunteered her to participate in the integration of the New Orleans school system. The school was built in 1937. It was designed in understated Art Deco style by the school board's architect E.A. Christy. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005 as William Frantz School. With In 2014, a statue of Ruby Bridges was unveiled in the courtyard of Wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Orleans
New Orleans ( , ,New Orleans Merriam-Webster. ; french: La Nouvelle-Orléans , es, Nueva Orleans) is a Consolidated city-county, consolidated city-parish located along the Mississippi River in the southeastern region of the U.S. state of Louisiana. With a population of 383,997 according to the 2020 U.S. census, it is the List of municipalities in Louisiana, most populous city in Louisiana and the twelfth-most populous city in the southeastern United States. Serving as a List of ports in the United States, major port, New Orleans is considered an economic and commercial hub for the broader Gulf Coast of the United States, Gulf Coast region of the United States. New Orleans is world-renowned for its Music of New Orleans, distinctive music, Louisiana Creole cuisine, Creole cuisine, New Orleans English, uniq ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ruby Bridges
Ruby Nell Bridges Hall (born September 8, 1954) is an American civil rights activist. She was the first African-American child to desegregate the all-white William Frantz Elementary School in Louisiana during the New Orleans school desegregation crisis on November 14, 1960. She is the subject of a 1964 painting, ''The Problem We All Live With'', by Norman Rockwell. Early life Bridges was the eldest of five children born to Abon and Lucille Bridges. As a child, she spent much time taking care of her younger siblings, though she also enjoyed playing jump rope, softball and climbing trees. When she was four years old, the family relocated from Tylertown, Mississippi, where Bridges was born, to New Orleans, Louisiana. In 1960, when she was six years old, her parents responded to a request from the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and volunteered her to participate in the integration of the New Orleans school system, even though her father was he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
9th Ward Of New Orleans
The Ninth Ward or 9th Ward is a distinctive region of New Orleans, Louisiana, which is located in the easternmost downriver portion of the city. It is geographically the largest of the 17 Wards of New Orleans. On the south, the Ninth Ward is bounded by the Mississippi River. On the western or "upriver" side, the Ninth Ward is bounded by (going from the River north to Lake Pontchartrain) Franklin Avenue, then Almonaster Avenue, then People's Avenue. From the north end of People's Avenue the boundary continues on a straight line north to Lake Pontchartrain; this line is the boundary between the Ninth and the city's Eighth Ward. The Lake forms the north and northeastern end of the ward. St. Bernard Parish is the boundary to the southeast, Lake Borgne farther southeast and east, and the end of Orleans Parish to the east at the Rigolets. While there is substantial overlap, the 9th Ward should not be confused with city planning designation of the ninth planning district of New Orleans. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
