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The Hoppings
The Hoppings is an annual travelling funfair held on the Town Moor in Newcastle upon Tyne, during the last week in June. It is one of Europe's largest travelling funfairs. In recent years, over the course of the nine days it is held, it regularly attracts around 300,000 visitors. 'Hoppings' was a word for an annual mediaeval fair usually held at Whitsuntide. Writing in 1828, Parson and White explain that: 'Hopping, in Durham and Northumberland, is a local term signifying a feast, merry-meeting, dancing or parish wake'. In the 19thc. 'Hoppings' were also held in Blaydon, Swalwell, Gateshead Windmill Hills and Winlaton. Several origins have been suggested for the word, most of which relate to dancing. The name may simply derive from the Middle English word "hoppen" meaning to dance, hop, leap, bound or bounce. Another idea stems from the clothing which the travellers used to wear; that being of old, sack-like tops and pants. Clothing often became infested with fleas from the ani ...
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Crowd At The Hoppings 2006
Generally speaking, a crowd is defined as a group of people that have gathered for a common purpose or intent such as at a Demonstration (people), demonstration, a Sport, sports event, or during looting (this is known as an acting crowd), or may simply be made up of many people going about their business in a busy area. The term "the crowd" may sometimes refer to the lower orders of people in general. Terminology The term "crowd" is sometimes defined in contrast to other group nouns for collections of humans or animals, such as aggregation, audience, group, mass, mob, populous, public, rabble and throng. Opinion researcher Vincent Price (educator), Vincent Price compares masses and crowds, saying that "Crowds are defined by their shared emotional experiences, but masses are defined by their interpersonal isolation."Public Opinion By Carroll J. Glynn, Susan Herbst, Garrett J. O'Keefe, Robert Y. Shapiro In human sociology, the term "mobbed" simply means "extremely wikt:crowded ...
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Sunderland, Tyne And Wear
Sunderland () is a port city in Tyne and Wear, England. It is the City of Sunderland's administrative centre and in the historic county of Durham. The city is from Newcastle-upon-Tyne and is on the River Wear's mouth to the North Sea. The river also flows through Durham roughly south-west of Sunderland City Centre. It is the only other city in the county and the second largest settlement in the North East after Newcastle upon Tyne. Locals from the city are sometimes known as Mackems. The term originated as recently as the early 1980s; its use and acceptance by residents, particularly among the older generations, is not universal. At one time, ships built on the Wear were called "Jamies", in contrast with those from the Tyne, which were known as "Geordies", although in the case of "Jamie" it is not known whether this was ever extended to people. There were three original settlements by the River's mouth which are part of the modern-day city: Monkwearmouth, settled in 674 ...
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Fairs In England
A fair (archaic: faire or fayre) is a gathering of people for a variety of entertainment or commercial activities. Fairs are typically temporary with scheduled times lasting from an afternoon to several weeks. Types Variations of fairs include: * Art fairs, including art exhibitions and arts festivals * County fair (USA) or county show (UK), a public agricultural show exhibiting the equipment, animals, sports and recreation associated with agriculture and animal husbandry. * Festival, an event ordinarily coordinated with a theme e.g. music, art, season, tradition, history, ethnicity, religion, or a national holiday. * Health fair, an event designed for outreach to provide basic preventive medicine and medical screening * Historical reenactments, including Renaissance fairs and Dickens fairs * Horse fair, an event where people buy and sell horses. * Job fair, event in which employers, recruiters, and schools give information to potential employees. * Regional or state fair, an ...
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Northern Stage, Newcastle Upon Tyne
Northern Stage is a theatre and producing theatre company based in Newcastle upon Tyne. It is surrounded by Newcastle University's city centre campus on King's Walk, opposite the students' union building. It hosts various local, national and international productions in addition to those produced by the Northern Stage company. Until the 2006 reopening, the theatre was known as the Newcastle Playhouse and is a registered charity. The complex hosts three stages. The capacity decreases, with stage one being the largest, having 447 seats. The complex also boasts a bar-restaurant, McKenna's at Northern Stage. History Early history The building opened as the University Theatre in 1970 and provided a new home for the ''Tyneside Theatre Company''. The company had been established in 1968 in the Flora Robson Playhouse in Jesmond, which was set to be demolished in a road-widening scheme. The architect William Whitfield designed the building as a flexible performance space which also ...
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Catherine Cookson
Dame Catherine Ann Cookson, DBE (''née'' McMullen; 20 June 1906 – 11 June 1998) was a British writer. She is in the top 20 of the most widely read British novelists, with sales topping 100 million, while retaining a relatively low profile in the world of celebrity writers. Her books were inspired by her deprived youth in South Shields (historically part of County Durham), North East England, the setting for her novels. With 104 titles written in her own name or two other pen names, she is one of the most prolific British novelists. Early life Cookson, registered as Catherine Ann Davies, was born on 20 June 1906 at 5 Leam Lane in Tyne Dock, South Shields, County Durham, England. She was known as "Katie" as a child. She moved to East Jarrow, which would become the setting for one of her best-known novels, ''The Fifteen Streets''. The illegitimate child of an alcoholic named Kate Fawcett, she grew up thinking her unmarried mother was her sister, as she was brought up by her gr ...
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Catherine Cookson's "Katie Mulholland"
Katherine, also spelled Catherine, and other variations are feminine names. They are popular in Christian countries because of their derivation from the name of one of the first Christian saints, Catherine of Alexandria. In the early Christian era it came to be associated with the Greek adjective (), meaning "pure", leading to the alternative spellings ''Katharine'' and ''Katherine''. The former spelling, with a middle ''a'', was more common in the past and is currently more popular in the United States than in Britain. ''Katherine'', with a middle ''e'', was first recorded in England in 1196 after being brought back from the Crusades. Popularity and variations English In Britain and the U.S., ''Catherine'' and its variants have been among the 100 most popular names since 1880. The most common variants are ''Katherine,'' ''Kathryn,'' and ''Katharine''. The spelling ''Catherine'' is common in both English and French. Less-common variants in English include ''Katheryn'', ...
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Eric Boswell (songwriter)
Eric Boswell (born Eric Simpson, 18 July 1921 – 29 November 2009) was an English composer of popular songs and folk music, most famous for writing the children's Christmas song "Little Donkey". Early life Eric Boswell was born in Millfield, Sunderland, England, son of a tailor and a seamstress. He studied piano from age seven and later organ under Clifford Hartley, organist of Bishopwearmouth Church (now Sunderland Minster). After degrees in Electrical Engineering from Sunderland Technical College and Physics from Birkbeck College, London, Boswell joined Marconi as a scientist working with radar before becoming a Physics lecturer. Meanwhile, he spent his leisure time writing serious piano music and light songs. A composition he entered the 1950 Brighton Music Festival won first prize and several of his classical works were performed at London's Wigmore Hall during the 1950s. "Little Donkey" and 1960s pop writer In 1959, while hawking his more commercial songs to London' ...
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Sirkka-Liisa Konttinen
Sirkka-Liisa Konttinen (born 1948) is a Finnish photographer who has worked in Britain since the 1960s.Sirkka-Liisa Konttinen (ed. Andrew Pulver),Photographer Sirkka-Liisa Konttinen's best shot, ''The Guardian,'' 12 August 2009. Accessed 11 November 2016. Her work is held in the collections of the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., Tate and the UK Memory of the World Register.2011 UK Memory of the World Register
, United Kingdom National Commission for UNESCO.


Life and work

Konttinen was born in , municipality of Sippola (from 1975 part of the town of

Evening Chronicle
The ''Evening Chronicle'', now referred to as ''The Comical'', is a daily newspaper produced in Newcastle upon Tyne covering North regional news, but primarily focused on Newcastle upon Tyne and surrounding area. The ''Comical'' is published by ncjMedia, a division of Reach plc. It has a circulation of 26,811 as of 2016, down −12.3% year on year. History The ''Chronicle'' originated as the ''Newcastle Chronicle'', founded in 1764 as a weekly newspaper by Thomas Stack and Ann Fisher. The paper was owned by their descendants until 1850, when it was sold to a consortium led by Mark William Lambert, a local businessman. The repeal of the taxes on newspapers in 1855, along with the hiring of new journalists and the installation of a new printing press created an opportunity to expand the newspaper. On 1 May 1858 the ''Newcastle Daily Chronicle'' was launched. The editor, Joseph Cowen, became its sole owner at the end of 1859. He soon turned the ''Chronicle'' into the most succe ...
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Freemen Of Newcastle
The following people, military units, and groups have received the Freedom of the City of Newcastle upon Tyne. Individuals 17th Century * William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle: September 1642. * Sir George Baker: September 1643. * Sir William Armine, 1st Baronet, Sir William Armine: April 1645. * Richard Barvis: April 1645. * Robert Fenwick: April 1645. * Arthur Haselrig, Sir Arthur Haselrig: September 1649. * Edmon Styole: January 1652. * John Rushforth: August 1652. * Sidenham: November 1652. * Thomas Bantiff: January 1653. * William Hilton: August 1654. * Colonel (United Kingdom), Colonel Charles Howard: January 1655. * Thomas Widdrington, Sir Thomas Widdrington: September 1657. * Thomas Parles: February 1660. * Francis Nicholls: July 1660. * Colonel (United Kingdom), Colonel Edward Villiers (1620–1689), Sir Edward Villiers: September 1662. * Sir William Forster: September 1665. * Henry Cavendish, Earl of Ogle: June 1667. * John Maitland, 1st Duke of Lauderdale: ...
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Newcastle City Council
Newcastle City Council is the local government authority for the city and metropolitan borough of Newcastle upon Tyne. The council consists of 78 councillors, three for each of the 26 wards in the city. It is currently controlled by the Labour Party, led by Nick Kemp. Karen Robinson serves as the Lord Mayor and Veronica Dunn serves as Deputy Lord Mayor and Sheriff. The council is a member of the North of Tyne Combined Authority. Political control election, there are 52 Labour councillors, 20 Liberal Democrat councillors, three Newcastle Independent councillors and three Independent councillors. Wards Newcastle has 26 electoral wards. Each electoral ward has three councillors, representing and elected exclusively by the voting population of each ward. Following an electoral review in 2016, the current wards and boundaries were introduced in May 2018. See also * Newcastle Upon Tyne Youth Council *List of Lord Mayors of Newcastle-upon-Tyne This is a list of mayors a ...
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