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The Doll (1968 Film)
''The Doll'' ( pl, Lalka) is a 1968 Polish film directed by Wojciech Jerzy Has. The film is an adaptation of the novel '' The Doll'' by Bolesław Prus, which is regarded by many as one of the finest Polish novels ever written. The influence of Émile Zola is evident, and some have compared the novel to ''Madame Bovary'' by Gustave Flaubert; both were Prus's contemporaries. The movie, however, may be more compared to Stendhal's ''The Red and the Black''. ''The Doll'' constitutes a panorama of life in Warsaw between 1878 and 1879, and at the same time is a subtle story of three generations of Polish idealists, their psychological complications, their involvement in the history of the nineteenth century, social dramas, moral problems and the experience of tragic existence. At the same time this story describes the disintegration of social relationships and the growing separation of a society whose aristocratic elite spreads the models of vanity and idleness. In the bad air of a bac ...
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Beata Tyszkiewicz
Beata Maria Helena Tyszkiewicz (born 14 August 1938) is a retired Polish actress and TV personality. Career Beata Tyszkiewicz has worked mostly on the big screen but acted in several French TV movies, becoming famous through her portrayal of distinguished ladies in costume dramas like '' The Doll'' by Wojciech Has and ''The Ashes'' by Andrzej Wajda. She has worked with leading directors such as Agnieszka Holland, Krzysztof Zanussi, André Delvaux and former husband Andrzej Wajda. Tyszkiewicz has appeared in more than a hundred films. Her debut was in ''Zemsta'' in 1956. In 1968 she was cast in '' The Doll'', directed by Wojciech Has. ''The Doll'' was adapted from the Polish novel, ''Lalka'' by Boleslaw Prus. In 1971 she was a member of the jury at the 7th Moscow International Film Festival. In 1995 she was awarded with an Honorable Diploma at the 19th Moscow International Film Festival. In 1997 she was a member of the jury at the 20th Moscow International Film Festival. She ...
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Tsarist
Tsarist autocracy (russian: царское самодержавие, transcr. ''tsarskoye samoderzhaviye''), also called Tsarism, was a form of autocracy (later absolute monarchy) specific to the Grand Duchy of Moscow and its successor states the Tsardom of Russia and Russian Empire. In it, the Tsar possessed in principle authority and wealth, with more power than constitutional monarchs counterbalanced by a legislative authority, as well as more religious authority than Western monarchs. The institution originated during the time of Ivan III (1462−1505), and was abolished after the Russian Revolution of 1917. Alternative names Imperial autocracy, Russian autocracy, Muscovite autocracy, tsarist absolutism, imperial absolutism, Russian absolutism, Muscovite absolutism, Muscovite despotism, Russian despotism, tsarist despotism or imperial despotism. History Ivan III (reigned 1462-1505) built upon Byzantine traditions and laid foundations for the tsarist autocracy which wit ...
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Józef Pieracki
Józef Pieracki (10 September 1909 - 5 August 1988) was a Polish actor. He appeared in more than seventy films from 1953 to 1986. Selected filmography References External links * 1909 births 1988 deaths Polish male film actors Recipient of the Meritorious Activist of Culture badge {{Poland-actor-stub ...
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Jan Machulski
Jan Henryk Machulski (3 July 1928 – 20 November 2008) was a Polish theater director, as well as a film and theatrical actor. He appeared in more than 45 film roles and 70 theater roles throughout his career. Personal life Machulski was born in Łódź, Poland, on 3 July 1928. He was a graduate of the National Film School in Łódź and the Polish National Acting School. Machulski was married to Polish actress, Halina Machulska. He was the father of Polish film director, Juliusz Machulski. Career Machulski pursued a successful dual career in theater directing, as well as acting. As a theater director, Machulski production credits included the Polish language adaptations of ''Sen nocy letniej'' (''Midsummer Night's Dream''), ''Antigone'' (''Antygona'') and ''Hamlet''. He also produced and directed two of his own original plays, ''Niebezpieczne zabawy'' (''Dangerous Games'') and ''Lek'' (''Anxiety''). As an actor, Machulski appeared in approximately 70 theatre and 45 film roles ...
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Andrzej Łapicki
Andrzej Łapicki (11 November 1924 – 21 July 2012) was a Polish film actor. He appeared in 50 films between 1947 and 1999. He was married twice. His first marriage to Zofia Chrząszczewska lasted from 1947 to her death in 2005. He then married Kamila Mścichowska in 2009 and remained with her until his death. Selected filmography * ''Unvanquished City'' (1950) * ''Tonight a City Will Die'' (1961) * ''Spotkanie w "Bajce"'' aka ''Cafe From The Past'' (1962) * '' Everything for Sale'' (1969) * '' The Wedding'' (1972) * '' The Promised Land'' (1975) * ''Inventory Inventory (American English) or stock (British English) refers to the goods and materials that a business holds for the ultimate goal of resale, production or utilisation. Inventory management is a discipline primarily about specifying the shap ...'' (1989) References External links * 1924 births 2012 deaths Polish male film actors Actors from Riga 20th-century Polish male actors Polish male stage ac ...
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Halina Kwiatkowska
Halina Kwiatkowska ( Królikiewiczówna, 25 April 192112 November 2020) was a Polish actress, educator, and writer. She performed in ''The Cherry Orchard'' at the National Stary Theatre in Kraków, and starred in the films ''Ashes and Diamonds'', '' The Doll'', and ''And Along Come Tourists''. Personal life Kwiatkowska was born in Bochnia, Poland. She attended Wadowice High School, where she met Karol Wojtyla (later Pope John Paul II). She last saw Wojtyla in 2002, after Wojtyla made a special effort to see her despite suffering from ill health. Kwiatkowska denied rumours that she and Wojtyla had been a couple in their early years, after the 2005 miniseries '' Karol: A Man Who Became Pope'' portrayed Kwiatkowska as a former lover of the Pope. Kwiatkowska was married to ; they married shortly after the end of the Second World War. Kwiatkowska died in Konstancin-Jeziorna. She was interred in the Rakowicki Cemetery, Kraków. Career Kwiatkowska started acting at the Juliusz Słow ...
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Tadeusz Kondrat
Tadeusz Kondrat (8 April 1908 – 19 June 1994) was a Polish actor. He appeared in more than 20 films between 1954 and 1979. Selected filmography * '' Kwiecień'' (1961) * ''Lalka ''The Doll'' ( pl, Lalka) is the second of four acclaimed novels by the Polish writer Bolesław Prus (real name Aleksander Głowacki). It was composed for periodical serialization in 1887–1889 and appeared in book form in 1890. ''The Doll'' ...'' (1968), as Szlangbaum https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0464946/ * '' The Hourglass Sanatorium'' (1973) References External links * 1908 births 1994 deaths Polish male film actors People from Przemyśl Polish male stage actors Recipients of the Order of Polonia Restituta (1944–1989) Burials at Powązki Cemetery {{Poland-actor-stub ...
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Jan Kreczmar
Jan Kreczmar (6 May 1908 in Warsaw - 29 August 1972 in Warsaw) was a Polish theatre and film actor.Jan Kreczmar
at the Internet Polish Movie Database He was a rector of the National Higher School of Theatre in Warsaw in the years 1949-55 and 1956-67. He was married to actress
Justyna Kreczmarowa Justyna is a Polish feminine given name, a variation of Justina or Justine. It may refer to * Gusta Dawidson Draenger (1917–1943), Polish Jewish resistance fighter * Justyna Banasiak (born 1986), P ...
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Jan Koecher
Jan Koecher (1908–1981) was a Polish actor.Falkowska p.310 He played the composer Stanisław Moniuszko in the 1951 film '' Warsaw Premiere''. Selected filmography * '' Warsaw Premiere'' (1951) * ''The Ashes The Ashes is a Test cricket series played between England and Australia. The term originated in a satirical obituary published in a British newspaper, '' The Sporting Times'', immediately after Australia's 1882 victory at The Oval, its first ...'' (1965) * '' The Doll'' (1968) References Bibliography * Falkowska, Janina. ''Andrzej Wajda: History, Politics, and Nostalgia in Polish Cinema''. Berghahn Books, 2007. External links * 1908 births 1981 deaths Polish male film actors Male actors from Warsaw People from Warsaw Governorate 20th-century Polish male actors {{Poland-actor-stub ...
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Kalina Jędrusik
Kalina Jędrusik (5 February 1930 in Częstochowa – 7 August 1991 in Warsaw) was a Polish singer and actress. She performed in more than thirty films from 1953 to 1991. Jędrusik was married to writer Stanisław Dygat. Biography Kalina Jędrusik was born in 1930 in Gnaszyn, now part of Częstochowa, as a daughter of Henryk Jędrusik, a member of the Senate of Poland. She graduated from Juliusz Słowacki Public High School in 1949 in her birth town. In 1949 she moved to Kraków, where she graduated from Ludwik Solski Academy for the Dramatic Arts. Kalina Jędrusik debuted in 1953 at the Wybrzeże Theatre in Gdańsk. From 1955 she performed at several Warsaw theaters, including the National Theatre (1955-1957), Współczesny Theatre (1957-1963), Comedy Theatre (1964-1967), Studencki Teatr Satyryków (1969-1972), Variety Theatre (1972-1985), and the Polish Theatre (1985-1991). She was also famous for performing in the '' Elderly Gentlemen's Cabaret'' and acting in many Poli ...
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Wiesław Gołas
Wiesław Ryszard Gołas (Polish: vʲε.swav 'gɔ.was 9 October 1930 – 9 September 2021) was a Polish actor and Armia Krajowa soldier. He was cast in the role of Tomasz Czereśniak in ''Czterej pancerni i pies'' (Polish: ''Four tank men and a dog''), a widely popular TV series set during World War II. He appeared in a number of films, including ''Ogniomistrz Kaleń'' (1961) and '' Dzięcioł'' (1970). Filmography * 1954 – ''Pokolenie'' * 1956 – '' Szkice węglem'' * 1956 – '' Cień'' * 1958 – ''Dezerter'' * 1958 – ''Miasteczko'' * 1958 – '' Rancho Texas'' * 1959 – ''Lotna'' * 1959 – '' Tysiąc talarów'' * 1960 – ''Zezowate szczęście'' * 1960 – '' Przygoda w terenie'' * 1960 – '' Hamleś''''Hamleś''
– student film by

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Russo-Turkish War (1877–78)
The Russo-Turkish wars (or Ottoman–Russian wars) were a series of twelve wars fought between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire between the 16th and 20th centuries. It was one of the longest series of military conflicts in European history. Except for the war of 1710–11 and the Crimean War, which is often treated as a separate event, the conflicts ended disastrously for the Ottoman Empire; conversely, they showcased the ascendancy of Russia as a European power after the modernization efforts of Peter the Great in the early 18th century. History Conflict begins (1568–1739) Before Peter the Great The first Russo-Turkish War (1568–1570) occurred after the conquest of Kazan and Astrakhan by the Russian tsar Ivan the Terrible. The Ottoman sultan Selim II tried to squeeze the Russians out of the lower Volga by sending a military expedition to Astrakhan in 1569. The Turkish expedition ended in disaster for the Ottoman army, which could not take Astrakhan and a ...
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