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Tezkire
''Tezkire'' ( ar, تذکرة), from Arabic '' tadhkirah'' meaning "something that causes one to remember" or "memorandum", is a form of bibliographical dictionary or bibliographical compendium which flourished in the 16th-century Ottoman Empire. The most known are the ''tezkires'' of poets, but they also dealt with government officials, and of artists in general. First seen in the early Arab literature before the 10th century, they came into the Persian literature and later into the Ottoman one. One of the most famous ''tezkires'' in the Persian language is the Tazkirat al-Awliya of Fariduddin Attar. The most important ''tezkire'' in the Chagatai-Turkic is ''Majolis un-Nafois'' by Ali-Shir Nava'i. Ottoman poetry ''tezkires'' The ''tezkires'' of poets were written between the 16th and 20th centuries in the Anatolian area. They contain information on both poets and their poetic work, and are written both in prose and verses making the ''tezkire'' genre unique. A valuable sourc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kınalızâde Hasan Çelebi
Kınalızâde Hasan Çelebi (c. 1546 – 1604) was an Ottoman poet and bibliographer of the 16th century. His main work is the ''Tezkiretü'ş-Şuara'' (Memoirs of the Poets), one of the best known Ottoman ''tezkires'' (bibliographical dictionary of poets and poetry). Life Hasan was born in year 993 of the Islamic calendar, which starts respectively on 4 March 1546. He was the son of Molla Ala al-Din Ali, also known as Ali Çelebi (1510/11 – 1572), an Ottoman jurist and author from Isparta in Anatolia. Hasan was born in Bursa, where his father was working as a ''Kadı'' (judge). He started his work career as a '' mulasim'' (assistant, candidate professor) of Abu Suud, in 1567–68 he became professor, in 1582–83 '' müderris'' (religious teacher) at the mosque of Mehmed the Conqueror, and five years later professor at the Süleymaniye Mosque. In the Islamic year of 999 (1590–91), he started his career as judge; first in Aleppo, followed by Cairo, Edirne, Cairo again, Bursa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tadhkirah (other)
Tadhkirah (), Arabic for "memorandum" or "admonition", is frequently used as part of the title of literary works of the nature of authoritative collections or summaries. It may refer to the following works: *''al-Tadhkira al-Harawiya fi al-hiyal al-harabiya'' ("al-Harawi's admonition regarding war stratagems") by Ali ibn abi bakr al-Harawi (d. 1215) *''Tazkirat ul Khwas'' by Sibt ibn al-Jawzi (d. 1256) *Tazkirat al-Awliya (13th century), biographies of Sufi saints *''Al-Tadhkirah fi'ilm'' (13th century) by Nasir al-Din al-Tusi (d. 1274) * Tadhkirat al-huffaz (14th century), biographies of hadith masters *''Sharh al-tadhkirah'' (16th century), a commentary on al-Tusi's ''tadhkirah'' by Al-Birjandi *a work by Dawud al-Antaki (d. 1599) on medicine, natural history and the occult sciences *''Tadhkirat al-Nisyan'' (c. 1750), a biographical dictionary of the Moroccan rulers of Timbuktu, see Askiya dynasty * ''Tazkirat al-umara'' (1830), a Persian-language work by James Skinner (East I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) // CITED: p. 36 (PDF p. 38/338) also known as the Turkish Empire, was an empire that controlled much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia, and Northern Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries. It was founded at the end of the 13th century in northwestern Anatolia in the town of Söğüt (modern-day Bilecik Province) by the Turkoman tribal leader Osman I. After 1354, the Ottomans crossed into Europe and, with the conquest of the Balkans, the Ottoman beylik was transformed into a transcontinental empire. The Ottomans ended the Byzantine Empire with the conquest of Constantinople in 1453 by Mehmed the Conqueror. Under the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent, the Ottoman Empire marked the peak of its power and prosperity, as well a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Riyazi
Riyazi (1572-3 –1644), also known as Riyazî Mehmet Efendi was an Ottoman poet and bibliographer. His ''Riyazü'ş Şuara'' ''tezkire'' (bibliographical dictionary of poets and poetry), is the seventh of its kind in Ottoman history and is of great importance. Riyazi is considered the last of a group of bibliographers who tried to cover the entire field of Ottoman poetry. Life Riyazi was born with the name Mehmet in Mecca in the Islamic year 980 which corresponds to 1572 or 1573. 1572 is mostly accepted as birth year. He was named after his grandfather, the great scholar Mehmet Efendi of Birgi (from Birgi) who died in 1573, and was the son of Mustafa of Birgi. His father was a '' Kadı'' (judge) and gave Mehmet his early education. On his return to Istanbul, Mehmet joined the jurisprudence profession. He received madrasah education by Müeyyedzade Abdülkâdir Efendi. He served as ''mullah'' in many towns including Istanbul, Jerusalem, Cairo, Aleppo, and many provinces in Ana ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aşık Çelebi
Aşık Çelebi ("Gentleman Bard" in Turkish) was the name of Pir Mehmed ("Mehmed the Pir"; 1520–1572), an Ottoman biographer, poet, and translator. Born in Prizren, he served as '' kadi'' (judge) in many towns of the Rumelia. His major work ''Senses of Poets'' (Meşairü'ş-Şuara) of 1568 is of major importance. Life and work Çelebi was born in Prizren,Ottoman Empire. His birth name was Pir Mehmed, and descended from a Turkish seyyid family. After his father's death in 1535 (941 in Ottoman calendar) he departed for Filibe and later to Istanbul. He studied in a medrese in Istanbul under best tutors of his time and received an excellent education. His first civil servant position was that of a court secretary in Bursa. There he was also a trustee of a vakif. He returned to Istanbul in 1546. There he obtained a clerical position of justice with the help of his tutor Emir Gisu. He applied for the position of the head cleric of the Imperial Council left vacant after the d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kastamonu
Kastamonu is the capital district of the Kastamonu Province, Turkey. According to the 2000 census, population of the district is 102,059 of which 64,606 live in the urban center of Kastamonu. (Population of the urban center in 2010 is 91,012.) The district covers an area of , and the town lies at an elevation of . It is located to the south of the province. History The city is believed to have been founded in the 18th century BC. The town was known as ''Timonion'' (Τιμόνιον in Greek) during the Roman period. The change of name of the town dates to the tenth century AD. Manuel Erotikos Komnenos, a prominent general and the father of the Byzantine emperor Isaac I Komnenos, was given lands around Kastamonu by Emperor Basil II and built a fortress there named ''Kastra Komnenon'' (Κάστρα Κομνηνῶν). Manuel came to the notice of Basil II because of his defence, in 978, of Nicaea against the rebel Bardas Skleros. The name ''Kastra Komnenon'' was shortened to ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabic Literature
Arabic literature ( ar, الأدب العربي / ALA-LC: ''al-Adab al-‘Arabī'') is the writing, both as prose and poetry, produced by writers in the Arabic language. The Arabic word used for literature is '' Adab'', which is derived from a meaning of etiquette, and which implies politeness, culture and enrichment. Arabic literature emerged in the 5th century with only fragments of the written language appearing before then. The Qur'an, widely regarded as the finest piece of literature in the Arabic language, would have the greatest lasting effect on Arab culture and its literature. Arabic literature flourished during the Islamic Golden Age, but has remained vibrant to the present day, with poets and prose-writers across the Arab world, as well as in the Arab diaspora, achieving increasing success. History ''Jahili'' is the literature of the pre-Islamic period referred to as ''al-Jahiliyyah'', or "the time of ignorance". In pre-Islamic Arabia, markets such ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turkish Literature
Turkish literature ( tr, Türk edebiyatı) comprises oral compositions and written texts in Turkic languages. The Ottoman and Azerbaijani forms of Turkish, which forms the basis of much of the written corpus, were highly influenced by Persian language, Persian and Arabic literature,Bertold Spuler''Persian Historiography & Geography''Pustaka Nasional Pte Ltd p 69 and used the Ottoman Turkish alphabet. The history of the broader Turkic literature spans a period of nearly 1,300 years. The oldest extant records of written Turkic languages, Turkic are the Orkhon script, Orhon inscriptions, found in the Orkhon Valley, Orhon River valley in central Mongolia and dating to the 7th century. Subsequent to this period, between the 9th and 11th centuries, there arose among the nomadic Turkic peoples of Central Asia a tradition of Oral literature, oral Epic poetry, epics, such as the ''Book of Dede Korkut'' of the Oghuz Turks— ancestors of the modern Turkish people—and the Manas (epic), M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diwan (poetry)
In Islamic cultures of the Middle East, North Africa, Sicily and South Asia, a Diwan ( fa, دیوان, ''divân'', ar, ديوان, ''dīwān'') is a collection of poems by one author, usually excluding his or her long poems ( mathnawī). The vast majority of Diwan poetry was lyric in nature: either ghazals or ''gazel''s (which make up the greatest part of the repertoire of the tradition), or ''kasîde''s. There were, however, other common genres, most particularly the ''mesnevî'', a kind of verse romance and thus a variety of narrative poetry; the two most notable examples of this form are the ''Layla and Majnun'' (ليلى و مجنون) of Fuzûlî and the ''Hüsn ü Aşk'' (حسن و عشق; "Beauty and Love") of Şeyh Gâlib. Originating in Persian literature, the idea spread to the Arab and Turkish worlds, and South Asia, and the term was sometimes used in Europe, not always in the same way. Etymology The English usage of the phrase "diwan poetry" comes from the Arab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sultan Selim II
Selim II (Ottoman Turkish: سليم ثانى ''Selīm-i sānī'', tr, II. Selim; 28 May 1524 – 15 December 1574), also known as Selim the Blond ( tr, Sarı Selim) or Selim the Drunk ( tr, Sarhoş Selim), was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1566 until his death in 1574. He was a son of Suleiman the Magnificent and his wife Hurrem Sultan. Selim had been an unlikely candidate for the throne until his brother Mehmed died of smallpox, his half-brother Mustafa was strangled to death by the order of his father, his brother Cihangir succumbed to chronic health issues, and his brother Bayezid was killed on the order of his father after a rebellion against Selim. Selim died on 15 December 1574 and was buried in Hagia Sophia. Early life Selim was born in Constantinople (Istanbul), on 28 May 1524, during the reign of his father Suleiman the Magnificent. His mother was Hurrem Sultan, a slave and concubine who was born an Orthodox priest's daughter in contemporary Ukraine, and late ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Persian People
The Persians are an Iranian ethnic group who comprise over half of the population of Iran. They share a common cultural system and are native speakers of the Persian language as well as of the languages that are closely related to Persian. The ancient Persians were originally an ancient Iranian people who had migrated to the region of Persis (corresponding to the modern-day Iranian province of Fars) by the 9th century BCE. Together with their compatriot allies, they established and ruled some of the world's most powerful empires that are well-recognized for their massive cultural, political, and social influence, which covered much of the territory and population of the ancient world.. Throughout history, the Persian people have contributed greatly to art and science. Persian literature is one of the world's most prominent literary traditions. In contemporary terminology, people from Afghanistan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan who natively speak the Persian language are know ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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