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Tetralogy
A tetralogy (from Greek τετρα- ''tetra-'', "four" and -λογία ''-logia'', "discourse") is a compound work that is made up of four distinct works. The name comes from the Attic theater, in which a tetralogy was a group of three tragedies followed by a satyr play, all by one author, to be played in one sitting at the Dionysia as part of a competition. Examples Literature * Tetrateuch is a sometime name for the first four books of the Bible. The Tetrateuch plus Deuteronomy are collectively referred to as the Pentateuch. * ''Tintitives'' by Antiphon of Rhamnus; the author was an orator, and ''Tintitives'' is a kind of textbook for students. Each book consists of four speeches: the prosecutor's opening speech, the first speech for the defense, the prosecutor's reply, and the defendant's conclusion. Three of his tetralogies are known to have survived. * The traditional arrangement of the works of Plato into nine tetralogies, including some doubtful works, and the letters as a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henriad
In Shakespearean scholarship, Henriad refers to a group of William Shakespeare's history plays. It is sometimes used to refer to a group of four plays (a tetralogy), but some sources and scholars use the term to refer to eight plays. In the 19th century, Algernon Charles Swinburne used the term to refer to three plays, but that use is not current. In one sense, Henriad refers to: ''Richard II; Henry IV, Part 1; Henry IV, Part 2;'' and '' Henry V'' — with the implication that these four plays are Shakespeare's epic, and that Prince Harry, who later becomes Henry V, is the epic hero. (This group may also be referred to as the "second tetralogy" or "second Henriad".) In a more inclusive meaning, Henriad refers to eight plays: the tetralogy mentioned above (''Richard II, Henry IV, Part 1, Henry IV, Part 2,'' and ''Henry V''), plus four plays that were written earlier, and are based on the civil wars known as The Wars of the Roses — '' Henry VI, Part 1, Henry VI, Part 2, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plato
Plato ( ; grc-gre, Πλάτων ; 428/427 or 424/423 – 348/347 BC) was a Greek philosopher born in Athens during the Classical period in Ancient Greece. He founded the Platonist school of thought and the Academy, the first institution of higher learning on the European continent. Along with his teacher, Socrates, and his student, Aristotle, Plato is a central figure in the history of Ancient Greek philosophy and the Western and Middle Eastern philosophies descended from it. He has also shaped religion and spirituality. The so-called neoplatonism of his interpreter Plotinus greatly influenced both Christianity (through Church Fathers such as Augustine) and Islamic philosophy (through e.g. Al-Farabi). In modern times, Friedrich Nietzsche diagnosed Western culture as growing in the shadow of Plato (famously calling Christianity "Platonism for the masses"), while Alfred North Whitehead famously said: "the safest general characterization of the European philosophica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Manuscripts Of Plato's Dialogues
Some 250 known manuscripts of Plato survive. The following is a partial list of manuscripts of Plato's dialogues: Medieval minuscules * Codex Oxoniensis Clarkianus 39 — 895 AD; first six tetralogies, designated ''B''. * Codex Parisinus graecus 1807 — circa 900 AD; last two tetralogies and the apocrypha, designated ''A'' * Codex Venetus Marcianus graecus appendix classis 4, I, designated ''T'' * Codex Vindobonensis 54, supplementum phil. Gr. 7, designated ''W'' Papyri Additional fragments with possibly outdated references * Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 23 — ''Laws'', fragment * Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 228 — '' Laches'', fragment * Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 229 — ''Phaedo'', fragment Versions * Nag Hammadi library – '' Republic'' 588A–589B, Coptic version Tetralogies The traditional division of the works of Plato into tetralogies was done by Thrasyllus of Mendes. The list includes (in italic) works of doubtful authenticity. and includes the Letters. *1st tetralogy **Euthyphro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ford Madox Ford
Ford Madox Ford (né Joseph Leopold Ford Hermann Madox Hueffer ( ); 17 December 1873 – 26 June 1939) was an English novelist, poet, critic and editor whose journals '' The English Review'' and '' The Transatlantic Review'' were instrumental in the development of early 20th-century English and American literature. Ford is now remembered for his novels '' The Good Soldier'' (1915), the '' Parade's End'' tetralogy (1924–1928) and '' The Fifth Queen'' trilogy (1906–1908). ''The Good Soldier'' is frequently included among the great literature of the 20th century, including the Modern Library 100 Best Novels, ''The Observer''′s "100 Greatest Novels of All Time", and ''The Guardian''′s "1000 novels everyone must read". Early life Ford was born in Wimbledon in London to Catherine Madox Brown and Francis Hueffer, the eldest of three; his brother was Oliver Madox Hueffer and his sister was Juliet Hueffer, the wife of David Soskice and mother of Frank Soskice. Ford's father ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Book Of The New Sun
''The Book of the New Sun'' (1980–1983) is a four volume, science fantasy novel written by the American author Gene Wolfe. It inaugurated the "Solar Cycle" that Wolfe continued by setting other works in the same universe (''The Urth of the New Sun'', ''The Book of the Long Sun'' series, and ''The Book of the Short Sun'' series). Gene Wolfe had originally intended the story to be a 40,000-word novella called "The Feast of Saint Catherine", meant to be published in one of the ''Orbit (anthology series), Orbit'' anthologies, but during the writing, it continued to grow. Despite being published with a year between each book, all four books were written and completed during his free time without anyone's knowledge when he was still an editor of ''Plant Engineering'', allowing him to write at his own pace and take his time. The tetralogy chronicles the journey of Severian, a journeyman torturer who is disgraced and forced to wander. It is a first-person narrative, ostensibly transl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gene Wolfe
Gene Rodman Wolfe (May 7, 1931 – April 14, 2019) was an American science fiction and fantasy writer. He was noted for his dense, allusive prose as well as the strong influence of his Catholic faith. He was a prolific short story writer and novelist, and won many literary awards. Wolfe has been called "the Melville of science fiction", and was honored as a Grand Master by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America. Wolfe is best known for his '' Book of the New Sun'' series (four volumes, 1980–1983), the first part of his "Solar Cycle". In 1998, '' Locus'' magazine ranked it the third-best fantasy novel published before 1990 based on a poll of subscribers that considered it and several other series as single entries. Personal life Wolfe was born in New York City, the son of Mary Olivia () and Emerson Leroy Wolfe. He had polio as a small child. He and his family moved to Houston when he was 6, and he went to high school and college in Texas, attending Lamar Hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pramoedya Ananta Toer
Pramoedya Ananta Toer (EYD: Pramudya Ananta Tur) (6 February 1925 – 30 April 2006) was an Indonesian author of novels, short stories, essays, polemics and histories of his homeland and its people. His works span the colonial period under Dutch rule, Indonesia's struggle for independence, its occupation by Japan during the Second World War, as well as the post-colonial authoritarian regimes of Sukarno and Suharto, and are infused with personal and national history. Pramoedya's writings sometimes fell out of favour with the colonial and later the authoritarian native governments in power. He faced censorship in Indonesia during the pre- ''Reformasi'' era even though he was well-known outside Indonesia. Dutch authorities imprisoned him from 1947 to 1949 during the War of Independence. During the transition to the Suharto regime, he was caught up in the shifting tides of political change and power struggles. Suharto had him imprisoned from 1969 to 1979 on the Maluku island of Bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tetra-
Numeral or number prefixes are prefixes derived from numerals or occasionally other numbers. In English and many other languages, they are used to coin numerous series of words. For example: * unicycle, bicycle, tricycle (1-cycle, 2-cycle, 3-cycle) * dyad, triad (2 parts, 3 parts) * biped, quadruped (2 legs, 4 legs) * September, October, November, December (month 7, month 8, month 9, month 10) * decimal, hexadecimal (base-10, base-16) * septuagenarian, octogenarian (70-79 years old, 80-89 years old) * centipede, millipede (around 100 legs, around 1000 legs) In many European languages there are two principal systems, taken from Latin and Greek, each with several subsystems; in addition, Sanskrit occupies a marginal position. There is also an international set of metric prefixes, which are used in the metric system and which for the most part are either distorted from the forms below or not based on actual number words. Table of number prefixes in English In the following ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Inheritance Cycle
''The Inheritance Cycle'' is a tetralogy of young adult high fantasy novels written by American author Christopher Paolini. Set in the fictional world of Alagaësia (), the novels focus on the adventures of a teenage boy named Eragon and his dragon, Saphira, as they struggle to overthrow the evil king Galbatorix. The series was originally intended to be a trilogy (named the "Inheritance Trilogy") until Paolini announced on October 30, 2007, while working on the third novel, that he believed the story was too complex to conclude in just three books. The book series as a whole received mixed reviews by critics, but has gained both popularity and commercial success. The first book in the series, ''Eragon'', was originally self-published by Paolini in 2001, and subsequently re-published by Alfred A. Knopf Books for Young Readers on June 25, 2003. The second book in the series, ''Eldest'', was published by Knopf on August 23, 2005. Both were New York Times bestsellers. The third ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexandria Quartet
''The Alexandria Quartet'' is a tetralogy of novels by British writer Lawrence Durrell, published between 1957 and 1960. A critical and commercial success, the first three books present three perspectives on a single set of events and characters in Alexandria, Egypt, before and during the Second World War. The fourth book is set six years later. As Durrell explains in his preface to ''Balthazar'', the four novels are an exploration of relativity and the notions of continuum and subject–object relation, with modern love as the theme. The ''Quartet''s first three books offer the same sequence of events through several points of view, allowing individual perspectives of a single set of events. The fourth book shows change over time. The four novels are: :* '' Justine'' (1957) :* '' Balthazar'' (1958) :* '' Mountolive'' (1958) :* ''Clea'' (1960). In a 1959 ''Paris Review'' interview, pp. 26–27. Durrell described the ideas behind the ''Quartet'' in terms of a convergence of East ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buru Quartet
The ''Buru Quartet'' or ''Buru Tetralogy'' ( id, Tetralogi Buru) is a literary tetralogy written by Indonesian author Pramoedya Ananta Toer at Buru Island detention camp in Maluku. It is composed of the novels '' This Earth of Mankind'', ''Child of All Nations'', '' Footsteps'', and '' House of Glass'', published between 1980 and 1988. The book series is loosely based on the life of Tirto Adhi Soerjo. The Buru Quartet books were banned by the regime of long-serving Indonesian president Suharto and his successor B.J. Habibie Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie (; 25 June 1936 – 11 September 2019) was an Indonesian engineer and politician who was the third president of Indonesia from 1998 to 1999. Less than three months after his inauguration as the seventh vice preside .... The ban was lifted in 2000. References External links''Buru Quartet'' reviewby the Asian Review of Books 1980s novels Historical novels Novels by Pramoedya Ananta Toer Censored books Novel series ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tragedy
Tragedy (from the grc-gre, τραγῳδία, ''tragōidia'', ''tragōidia'') is a genre of drama based on human suffering and, mainly, the terrible or sorrowful events that befall a main character. Traditionally, the intention of tragedy is to invoke an accompanying catharsis, or a "pain hatawakens pleasure", for the audience. While many cultures have developed forms that provoke this paradoxical response, the term ''tragedy'' often refers to a specific tradition of drama that has played a unique and important role historically in the self-definition of Western civilization. That tradition has been multiple and discontinuous, yet the term has often been used to invoke a powerful effect of cultural identity and historical continuity—"the Greeks and the Elizabethans, in one cultural form; Hellenes and Christians, in a common activity," as Raymond Williams puts it. From its origins in the theatre of ancient Greece 2500 years ago, from which there survives only a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
