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Teodor And Franciszek Gajewski
Brothers Teodor and Franciszek Gajewski were Sculpture, sculptors and painting, painters, who lived in Bydgoszcz, Poland in the 20th century. Lifes Childhood Both brothers were born in Bydgoszcz: Franciszek on January 30, 1897, and Teodor on May 30, 1902. Their father Teofil was a shoemaking, shoemaker, their mother was Antonina née Relka. Franciszek attended primary school, elementary school in Bydgoszcz. He was drafted in the Imperial German Army; in 1916, he fought on the Western Front (World War I), western front and fell into captivity in Belgium. Teodor attended primary school in Bydgoszcz. Having joined the scouting, scouts movement at 15, he actively participated in 1917 in the local recruitment and training campaigns. Second Polish Republic Released in 1918, Franciszek volunteered in Józef Haller's Polish Army in France: he returned to Poland in 1919. In 1920, Franciszek took part in Polish–Soviet War. During this period, he had his studio in the attic of the Bydgos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bydgoszcz
Bydgoszcz ( , , ; german: Bromberg) is a city in northern Poland, straddling the meeting of the River Vistula with its left-bank tributary, the Brda. With a city population of 339,053 as of December 2021 and an urban agglomeration with more than 470,000 inhabitants, Bydgoszcz is the eighth-largest city in Poland. It is the seat of Bydgoszcz County and the co-capital, with Toruń, of the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship. The city is part of the Bydgoszcz–Toruń metropolitan area, which totals over 850,000 inhabitants. Bydgoszcz is the seat of Casimir the Great University, University of Technology and Life Sciences and a conservatory, as well as the Medical College of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń. It also hosts the Pomeranian Philharmonic concert hall, the Opera Nova opera house, and Bydgoszcz Airport. Being between the Vistula and Oder (Odra in Polish) rivers, and by the Bydgoszcz Canal, the city is connected via the Noteć, Warta, Elbe and German canals with t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Studio
A studio is an artist or worker's workroom. This can be for the purpose of acting, architecture, painting, pottery (ceramics), sculpture, origami, woodworking, scrapbooking, photography, graphic design, filmmaking, animation, industrial design, radio or television production broadcasting or the making of music. The term is also used for the workroom of dancers, often specified to dance studio. The word ''studio'' is derived from the , from , from ''studere'', meaning to study or zeal. The French term for studio, ''atelier'', in addition to designating an artist's studio is used to characterize the studio of a fashion designer. ''Studio'' is also a metonym for the group of people who work within a particular studio. :uz:Studiya Art studio The studio of any artist, especially from the 15th to the 19th centuries, characterized all the assistants, thus the designation of paintings as "from the workshop of..." or "studio of..." An art studio is sometimes called an atelier, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Garbary Street
Garbary street is located in the ''Okole'' district of Bydgoszcz city, Poland. Its development occurred during the second half of the 19th century and today it displays several buildings listed on the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship Heritage list, with a variety of architectural styles, from Eclecticism in architecture, eclectic to Modern architecture#Early modernism in Europe (1900–1914), early modernist. The area also nurtured a series of local successful factories, under the Prussian and the Polish periods. Location The street is located on an area between the Brda (river), Brda river and the Bydgoszcz Canal, laid on an Points of the compass#Compass point names, ESE-WNW axis. It starts from the river bank and crosses a handful of other streets, among which Królowej Jadwigi Street in Bydgoszcz, Królowej Jadwigi Street. History The plot of land where the street lies was called ''canalswerder'' () in the 19th century, as mentioned on an 1857 Prussian map of Bydgoszcz, Bromberg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Świętego Floriana Street
Świętego Floriana Street is located in the downtown district of Bydgoszcz, Poland. Despite its short length of roughly , it features many notable buildings in a variety of architectural styles, including Eclecticism in architecture, Eclectic, Art Nouveau and Modern architecture#Early modernism in Europe (1900–1914), early modernist. The street is named after Saint Florian. Location The street is located nearby the Brda (river), Brda river, its track running parallel to the water, on a west–east axis. It stems out of Bernardyńska Street in Bydgoszcz, Bernardyńska Street in the west and runs between the river and Jagiellońska street in Bydgoszcz, Jagiellońska street. History The area originally belonged to a city farm called ''Grodztwa''. The land registry cites that the farm owner successively sold pieces of the estate. Like many of the streets of the downtown district, Świętego Floriana started between the last quarter of the 19th century and the first quarter of the 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tadeusz Browicz
Tadeusz Browicz (15 September 1847 – 20 March 1928) was a Polish pathologist born in Lviv. He studied medicine in Kraków, earning his medical doctorate in 1873. Afterwards he remained at Kraków as an assistant to the pathologist Alfred Biesiadecki (1839–1889), and in 1875 received his habilitation. From 1880 to 1919 he was a full professor of anatomical pathology at the Jagiellonian University, where in 1894–95 he served as its rector. Browicz made several contributions to medical science. In 1874 he was the first to describe the bacillus that causes typhoid fever, later to be known as ''Salmonella typhi'', and in 1898 was the first to correctly identify the liver's Kupffer cells as specialized macrophages.Andrzej Åšródka, Ryszard W. Gryglewski, Wojciech SzczepaÅ„ski''Browicz or Kupffer Cells?''Polish Journal of Pathology, Vol.57/4, Kraków 2006, 183–185, ISSN 1233-9687 He also performed important research of jaundice, liver cancer and cardiac muscle disorders. Amo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
WWII
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in human history; it resulted in 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians. Tens of millions died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), starvation, mass ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chełmno
Chełmno (; older en, Culm; formerly ) is a town in northern Poland near the Vistula river with 18,915 inhabitants as of December 2021. It is the seat of the Chełmno County in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship. Due to its regional importance in the Middle Ages, the city gave its name to the entire area, Chełmno Land (and later an administrative unit of the Kingdom of Poland, the Chełmno Voivodeship), the local Catholic diocese and Kulm law, which was used to found cities and towns around Poland, including the current capital city of Warsaw. Name The city's name ''Chełmno'' comes from ''chelm'', the old Polish word for hill. After the area was granted to the Teutonic Knights as a Polish fief in 1232, the Germanized name ''Kulm'' was used in official documents regarding the town, as the city was a member of the Hanseatic League and part of the State of the Teutonic Order. Chełmno was annexed by Prussia in the First Partition of Poland in 1772 and, as part of a larger ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Service
Military service is service by an individual or group in an army or other militia, air forces, and naval forces, whether as a chosen job (volunteer) or as a result of an involuntary draft (conscription). Some nations (e.g., Mexico) require a specific amount of military service from every citizen, except for special cases, such as limitation determined by a military physical or religious belief. In the United States, a mental disorder does not necessarily disqualify a recruit so long as no treatment had been given within 36 months. Most countries that use conscription systems only conscript men; a few countries also conscript women. For example, Norway, Sweden, North Korea, Israel, and Eritrea conscript both men and women. However, only Norway and Sweden have a gender-neutral conscription system, where men and women are conscripted and serve on equal formal terms. Some nations with conscription systems do not enforce them. Nations which conscript for military service typically ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Szpital Obs-zakaźny Bydg A
Szpital is a village in Inowrocław County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately east of Inowrocław, south-west of Toruń, and south-east of Bydgoszcz. The village has a population of 166."Central Statistical Office (GUS) - Population: Structure by economic age groups" (in Polish). 2011-03-21. References Villages in Inowrocław County {{Inowrocław-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Selbstschutz
''Selbstschutz'' (German for "self-protection") is the name given to different iterations of ethnic-German self-protection units formed both after the First World War and in the lead-up to the Second World War. The first incarnation of the ''Selbstschutz'' was a German paramilitary organisation formed after World War I for ethnic Germans who lived outside Germany in the territories occupied by Germany and Austria-Hungary following the conclusion of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. The purpose of these units was to protect local ethnic-German communities and, indirectly, to serve German security interests in southern Ukraine. Another iteration of the ''Selbstschutz'' concept was established in Silesia and aimed at returning Polish-inhabited territories back to Germany following the rebirth of Poland. In 1921, the units of ''Selbstschutz'' took part in the fights against the Polish Third Silesian Uprising. The third incarnation operated in territories of Central and Eastern Europe befor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Freikorps
(, "Free Corps" or "Volunteer Corps") were irregular German and other European military volunteer units, or paramilitary, that existed from the 18th to the early 20th centuries. They effectively fought as mercenary or private armies, regardless of their own nationality. In German-speaking countries, the first so-called ("free regiments", Freie Regimenter) were formed in the 18th century from native volunteers, enemy renegades, and deserters. These, sometimes exotically equipped, units served as infantry and cavalry (or, more rarely, as artillery); sometimes in just company strength and sometimes in formations of up to several thousand strong. There were also various mixed formations or legions. The Prussian included infantry, jäger, dragoons and hussars. The French '' Volontaires de Saxe'' combined uhlans and dragoons. In the aftermath of World War I and during the German Revolution of 1918–19, consisting largely of World War I veterans were raised as paramilitar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weimar Republic
The Weimar Republic (german: link=no, Weimarer Republik ), officially named the German Reich, was the government of Germany from 1918 to 1933, during which it was a constitutional federal republic for the first time in history; hence it is also referred to, and unofficially proclaimed itself, as the German Republic (german: Deutsche Republik, link=no, label=none). The state's informal name is derived from the city of Weimar, which hosted the constituent assembly that established its government. In English, the republic was usually simply called "Germany", with "Weimar Republic" (a term introduced by Adolf Hitler in 1929) not commonly used until the 1930s. Following the devastation of the First World War (1914–1918), Germany was exhausted and sued for peace in desperate circumstances. Awareness of imminent defeat sparked a revolution, the abdication of Kaiser Wilhelm II, formal surrender to the Allies, and the proclamation of the Weimar Republic on 9 November 1918. In its i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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