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Taphrina Padi Induced Malformation On Prunus Padus Stem
''Taphrina'' is a fungal genus within the Ascomycota that causes leaf and catkin curl diseases and witch's brooms of certain flowering plants. One of the more commonly observed species causes peach leaf curl. ''Taphrina'' typically grow as yeasts during one phase of their life cycles, then infect plant tissues in which typical hyphae are formed, and ultimately they form a naked layer of asci on the deformed, often brightly pigmented surfaces of their hosts. No discrete fruit body is formed outside of the gall-like or blister-like tissues of the hosts. The asci form a layer lacking paraphyses, and they lack croziers. The ascospores frequently bud into multiple yeast cells within the asci. Phylogenetically, ''Taphrina'' is a member of a basal group within the Ascomycota, and type genus for the subphylum Taphrinomycotina, the class Taphrinomycetes, and order Taphrinales. Species * ''Taphrina alni'' (Berk. & Broome) Gjaerum * ''Taphrina aurea'' (Pers.) Fr. * ''Taphrina betulina'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elias Magnus Fries
Elias Magnus Fries (15 August 1794 – 8 February 1878) was a Swedish mycologist and botanist. Career Fries was born at Femsjö (Hylte Municipality), Småland, the son of the pastor there. He attended school in Växjö. He acquired an extensive knowledge of flowering plants from his father. In 1811 Fries entered Lund University where he obtained a doctorate in 1814. In the same year he was appointed an associate professorship in botany. He was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, and in 1824, became a full professor. In 1834 he became Borgström professor (Swed. ''Borgströmianska professuren'', a chair endowed by Erik Eriksson Borgström, 1708–1770) in applied economics at Uppsala University. The position was changed to "professor of botany and applied economics" in 1851. He was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1849. That year he was also appointed director of the Uppsala University Botanica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crozier (mycology)
A crozier is an anatomical feature of many fungi in the phylum Ascomycota that forms at the base of asci and looks like a hook-topped shepherd’s staff or stylized religious crosier. Croziers resemble and function similarly to clamp connections on the dikaryotic hyphae of Basidiomycota. During initial ascus formation in Ascomycota fruitbodies, the crozier helps to maintain the dikaryotic state of both the ascus itself and of the side branch that will continue propagation of the ascogenous hyphae. The tips of developing asci on these ascogenous hyphae curl over. One haploid nucleus migrates into the curved tip while the other compatible haploid nucleus remains in the penultimate space below the hook. The ascus itself forms as a radiating spur branch at the top of the hook. Each nucleus divides, resulting in the formation of a pair of compatible nuclei, i.e. a dikaryon, in the ascus. Two sister nuclei remain, one in the basal cell and the other in the crozier. The tip of the croz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taphrina Entomospora
''Taphrina entomospora'' is a fungal plant pathogen that infects the leaves of ''Nothofagus''. ''T. entomospora'' infection results in chlorosis and changes in parenchyma structure of the leaf causing premature senescence. The species was first described scientifically by mycologist Roland Thaxter Roland Thaxter (August 28, 1858 – April 22, 1932) was an American mycologist, plant pathologist, botanist, and entomologist, renowned for his contribution to the insect parasitic fungi—Laboulbeniales. His college education was completed at Har ... in 1910. The distribution of ''T. entomospora'' is restricted to South America. References External links * Fungal tree pathogens and diseases Taphrinomycetes Fungi of Africa Fungi described in 1910 {{fungus-tree-disease-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taphrina Deformans
''Taphrina deformans'' is a fungus and plant pathogen, and a causal agent of peach leaf curl. Peach trees infected with ''T. deformans'' will experience leaf puckering and distortion, acquiring a characteristic downward and inward curl. Leaves will also undergo chlorosis, turning a pale green or yellow, and later show a red or purple tint. Fruit can either drop prematurely or show surface distortions. Severe infection can also produce lesions on the flowers. The host tree will experience defoliation if the leaves are badly diseased. If a seedling is severely infected, it may die. Almond trees display similar symptoms. Life cycle ''Taphrina deformans'' infects species of the genus ''Prunus'' (including ''P. amygdalus'' (almond) and ''P. persica'' (peach)). It is best known as the causative agent of peach leaf curl in peaches and nectarines. It has been observed that this fungus also infects the fruits of some South American trees like ''Ocotea puberula'', '' Nectandra megapotami ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taphrina Coryli
Taphrina coryli is an ascomycete fungus that is a plant pathogen Plant pathology (also phytopathology) is the scientific study of diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Organisms that cause infectious disease include fungi, oomyc .... References Fungal plant pathogens and diseases Taphrinomycetes Fungi described in 1911 {{fungus-plant-disease-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taphrina Caerulescens
''Taphrina caerulescens'' is a species of fungus in the family Taphrinaceae. It is a pathogenic Ascomycete fungus that causes oak leaf blister disease on various species of oak trees (''Quercus'' spp.). The associated anamorph species is ''Lalaria coccinea'', described in 1990. This disease causes lesions and blisters on Oak leaves. Effects of the disease are mostly cosmetic. Although not taxonomically defined, strains of ''T. caerulescens'' have been shown to be host specific with varying ¬ascus morphology between strains. There are differences in strains' abilities to metabolize various carbon and nitrogen compounds. This has been proposed as a method of taxonomically defining subspecies within ''T. caerulescens''.Mix, A., J. 1954. Differentiation of species of Taphrina in culture. Ultilization of nitrogen compounds. Mycologia, 45(6), 721-727.Mix, A., J. 1953. Differentiation of species of Taphrina in culture. Utilization of nitrogen compounds. Mycologia, 45(5), 649-670. R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taphrina Bullata
''Taphrina bullata'' is an ascomycete fungus that is a plant pathogen Plant pathology (also phytopathology) is the scientific study of diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Organisms that cause infectious disease include fungi, oomyc .... It causes leaf blisters on pear trees. References Fungal tree pathogens and diseases Pear tree diseases Taphrinomycetes Fungi described in 1866 Taxa named by Miles Joseph Berkeley Taxa named by Christopher Edmund Broome {{fungus-tree-disease-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taphrina Betulina
''Taphrina betulina'' is a fungal plant pathogen that causes the gall, witches broom, which is a chemical infection of birch buds or the developing shoots, leading to a proliferation of growth. It was first described by Emil Rostrup in 1883 and is found in Europe, New Zealand and North America. Description Witches broom on birch trees (''Betula'' species), are dense bunches of stunted twigs which look like birds nests. The gall starts as densely packed clusters of buds which can remain for many years. Possibly, when the fungus loses vigour, the buds grow into many slender shoots. In the spring, asci form on small leaves which grow on the shoots. These leaves usually fall before the normal leaves grow elsewhere on the tree. There can be several witches broom in a tree. Witches broom, formed by ''Taphrina betulina'' can be found on dwarf birch (''Betula nana''), '' Betula nana x pubescens'', silver birch (''Betula pendula''), downy birch (''Betula pubescens'') and ''Betula pube ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taphrina Aurea
''Taphrina aurea'' is an ascomycete fungus that is a plant pathogen. It causes leaf blisters on poplar trees ''Populus'' is a genus of 25–30 species of deciduous flowering plants in the family Salicaceae, native to most of the Northern Hemisphere. English names variously applied to different species include poplar (), aspen, and cottonwood. The we .... References External links Fungal tree pathogens and diseases Taphrinomycetes {{fungus-tree-disease-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taphrina Alni
''Taphrina alni'' is a fungal plant pathogen that causes alder tongue gall, a chemically induced distortion of female alder catkins (''Alnus glutinosa'').Ellis, Hewett A. (2001). ''Cecidology''. Vol.16, No.1. p. 24.Clarification of synonyms ''Taphrina alni'' produces a distinctive tongue-like growth which derives mainly from the ovarian tissues of the alder catkin or from the bracteoles. These alder pseudocones may carry several tongue galls, each of which usually appear to come from the same position; those curling down usually come from the bracteoles tissues and those projecting upwards usually come from ovarian tissues.Ellis, Hewett A. (2001). ''Cecidolog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taphrinales
The Taphrinomycetes are a class of ascomycete fungi belonging to the subdivision Taphrinomycotina. It includes the single order Taphrinales, which includes 2 families, 8 genera and 140 species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s .... References Fungus classes Taxa described in 1997 {{Ascomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taphrinomycetes
The Taphrinomycetes are a class of ascomycete fungi belonging to the subdivision Taphrinomycotina. It includes the single order Taphrinales, which includes 2 families, 8 genera and 140 species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s .... References Fungus classes Taxa described in 1997 {{Ascomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
