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Tahir Al-Jazairi
Tahir al-Jaza'iri ( ar, طاهر الجزائري; 1852 CE/1268 AH – 1920 CE/1338 AH) was a 19th century Syrian Muslim scholar and educational reformer and a great scholar of Tafsīr, Ḥadīth, Fiqh, Uṣūl, history and the Arabic language. Biography Tahir al-Jaza'iri (full name: ) was born in 1852 in Damascus to an academic family of the Semaoune, Sam'un Berbers, Amazigh tribe of Algeria. His father, Muhammad Salih, a mufti of the Maliki school of Fiqh, jurisprudence, had migrated from Algeria to Damascus in 1846. Tahir studied with his father until the latter's death around 1868, after which he studied under Al-Maydani, Abd al-Ghani Al-Maydani, Abd ar-Rahman al-Bustani, and Abd ar-Rahman al-Bushnaqi at the next to the Umayyad Mosque. Tahir al-Jazairi was interested in Arabic and in Arabic literature, particularly old manuscripts. His mastery of Persian language, Persian was comparable to his mastery of Arabic, and he was also proficient in Ottoman Turkish. He also studi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shaykh
Sheikh (pronounced or ; ar, شيخ ' , mostly pronounced , plural ' )—also transliteration of Arabic, transliterated sheekh, sheyikh, shaykh, shayk, shekh, shaik and Shaikh, shak—is an honorific title in the Arabic language. It commonly designates a tribal chief, chief of a tribe or a royal family member in Arabian countries, in some countries it is also given to those of great knowledge in religious affairs as a surname by a prestige religious leader from a chain of Sufi scholars. It is also commonly used to refer to a Muslim ulama, religious scholar. It is also used as an honorary title by people claiming to be descended from Hasan ibn Ali and Husayn ibn Ali both patrilineal and matrilineal who are grandsons of the Islamic prophet Muhammad in Islam, Muhammad. The term is literally translated to "Elder (administrative title), Elder" (is also translated to "Lord/wikt:Master, Master" in a monarchical context). The word 'sheikh' is mentioned in the 23rd verse of Surah Al-Q ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Midhat Pasha
Ahmed Şefik Midhat Pasha ( ota , احمد شفيق مدحت پاشا, 18 October 1822 – 26 April 1883) was an Ottoman democrat, kingmaker and one of the leading statesmen during the late Tanzimat period. He is most famous for leading the Ottoman constitutional movement of 1876 and introducing the First Constitutional Era, but was also a leading figure of reform in the educational and provincial administrations. He was part of a governing elite which recognized the crisis the Empire was in and considered reform to be a dire need. Midhat Pasha is described as a person with a liberal attitude and is often considered one of the founders of the Ottoman Parliament. He was described by historian Caroline Finkel as "a true representative of Tanzimat optimism, who believed that separatist tendencies could be best countered by demonstrating the benefits of good government." The Midhat Pasha Souq in Damascus still bears his name. Early life Midhat Pasha was born in Istanbul in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abd Al-Fattah Abu Ghudda
ʿAbd al-Fattah Abu Ghuddah ( ar, عبد الفتاح بن محمد بن بشير بن حسن أبوغدة الخالدي, ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ ibn Muḥammad ibn Bashīr ibn Ḥasan Abū Ghuddah Al Khaldi) (9 May 1917 – 16 February 1997) was a Syrian Muslim Brotherhood leader and Sunni Hanafi Muslim scholar. He was born in 1917 in Aleppo. He was the third Supreme Guide of the Syrian Muslim Brotherhood, taking over from Issam al-Attar in 1973. Early life and education Abu Ghuddah was born and raised in Aleppo, studying at the Academy of Islamic Studies in Aleppo and later received advanced training in psychology and education at Al-Azhar University in Cairo, Egypt. His father, Muhammad Ansari, was known to be a pious man, and was a businessman in the textile industry. Muhammad's father, Bashir Ansari, was one of the biggest textile traders in Aleppo, and the family line could be traced back to Khalid ibn al-Walid, one of the companions of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad. He manifest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hisham Sharabi
Hisham Sharabi ( ar, هشام الشرابي) (1927 Jaffa, Mandatory Palestine – 2005 Beirut, Lebanon) was Professor Emeritus of History and Umar al-Mukhtar Chair of Arab Culture at Georgetown University, where he was a specialist in European intellectual history and social thought. He died of cancer at the American University of Beirut hospital on January 13, 2005. Young Life He spent his early years growing up in Jaffa, Palestine and Acre, Palestine before attending American University in Beirut, where he graduated with a B.A. in Philosophy. He then traveled to study at the University of Chicago, where he completed an M.A. in Philosophy in 1949. Politically active from a young age, Sharabi then returned to serve as editor of the Syrian Social Nationalist Party’s monthly magazine '' al-Jil al-Jadid'' (''The New Generation''). Forced to flee to Jordan after the parties disbanding in 1949, Sharabi returned to the United States where he completed a Ph.D. in the history of cultur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad Abduh
; "The Theology of Unity") , alma_mater = Al-Azhar University , office1 = Grand Mufti of Egypt , term1 = 1899 – 1905 , Sufi_order = Shadhiliyya , disciple_of = , awards = , influences = Jamal ad-Din al-Afghani, Ibn Sina, Ibn 'Arabi, Shihāb al-Din Sührawardį, Abu Hamīd al-Ghāzāli, Abu al-Mānsūr al-Matūrīdī, Hasan al-Attar, Rifa'a al-Tahtawi, Gustave Le Bon, Herbert Spencer , influenced = Rashid Rida, Abul Kalam Azad, Hassan al-Banna, Sayyid Qutb, Muhammad Asad, Mahmoud Taleghani, Muhammad al-Tahir ibn Ashur, Mahmud Shaltut, Mustafa al-Maraghi, Mohammed al-Ghazali, Yusuf al-Qaradawi , module = , website = Muḥammad ʿAbduh (1849 – 11 July 1905) (also spelled Mohammed Abduh, ar, محمد عبده) was an Egyptian Islamic scholar, journalist, teacher, author, editor, judge, and Grand Mufti of Egypt. He was a central figure of the Arab Nahḍa and Islami ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ali Al-Tantawi
Mohammad Ali Al-Tantawi was a Syrians, Syrian Salafi jurist, writer, editor, broadcaster, teacher and judge considered one of the leading figures in Islamic preaching and Arab literature in the twentieth century. On his mother side, he is the nephew of eminent pro-British Salafi journalist Muhib Al Din Al Khatib. He was a writer who wrote in many Arab newspapers for many years, the most important of which was what he wrote in the Egyptian magazine ''Arrissalah'' by its owner Ahmad Hasan al-Zayyat, Ahmed Hassan Al Zayyat, and he continued to write about it for twenty years from 1933 until it became concealed in 1953. He worked from his youth in primary and secondary education in Syria, Iraq and Lebanon until a year 1940. He left education and entered the judiciary. He was recipient of the King Faisal Prize in 1990 for his services for Islam. Biography He was born in Damascus in 1909, into a family of religious scholars: his paternal grandfather, who moved from Egypt, was a gra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Encyclopaedia Of Islam
The ''Encyclopaedia of Islam'' (''EI'') is an encyclopaedia of the academic discipline of Islamic studies published by Brill. It is considered to be the standard reference work in the field of Islamic studies. The first edition was published in 1913–1938, the second in 1954–2005, and the third was begun in 2007. Content According to Brill, the ''EI'' includes "articles on distinguished Muslims of every age and land, on tribes and dynasties, on the crafts and sciences, on political and religious institutions, on the geography, ethnography, flora and fauna of the various countries and on the history, topography and monuments of the major towns and cities. In its geographical and historical scope it encompasses the old Arabo-Islamic empire, the Islamic countries of Iran, Central Asia, the Indian sub-continent and Indonesia, the Ottoman Empire and all other Islamic countries". Standing ''EI'' is considered to be the standard reference work in the field of Islamic studies. E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhib Al Din Al Khatib
Muhib Al Din Al Khatib (1886–1969) was a Syrian journalist and politician who established various publications in Hejaz and Egypt, including ''Al Qibla'' and '' Al Fath''. Early life and education Born in Damascus in July 1886 Al Khatib was the son of a Damascene ulema Abu Al Fath Al Khatib. Al Khatib received secondary education in his hometown and attended Maktab Anbar, a very well-known educational institute, where he studied modern sciences, Ottoman Turkish, French and some Persian. During his studies in Damascus he became one of the pupils of Salafi scholar Tahir Al Jazairi. Al Khatib continued his education at a state school in Beirut. In 1905 he went to Istanbul to study law and literature and also, founded the Society of Arab Awakening with Aref Al Shihabi there. Career and activities In 1907 Al Khatib moved to Yemen where he served as a translator for the British consulate and became a member of Rashid Rida's Ottoman Council Society based in Cairo. Al Khatib returned ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ahmed Taymour
Ahmed Tawfik Taymour Pasha (1871–1930) was an Egyptian writer and historian. Taymour Pasha was born on 6 November 1871 in Cairo to a family of the Egyptian elite, his father Isma'il Taymur being of Kurdish origin and his mother of Turkish descent. Biography Isma'il Taymur was a member of the royal entourage of the Muhammad Ali dynasty, which was of Albanian origin. The family's Turco- Circassian background was common among the Egyptian elite. Ahmed was educated by his elder sister, Aisha Taymur (1840–1902), a social activist, poet and novelist, active in the field of women's rights and her husband Muhammad Tawfiq. For some years, he was a student at the French School, but did not finish it with a degree. He stead home, where he learned Turkish and Persian. Before he reached his 20th birthday, he began his career as a writer. His house became a meeting place for many cultured men of his time who discussed literature, modern sciences and politics. He was widowed early ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ahmad Zaki Pasha
Ahmad Zaki Pasha (, ; 26 May 1867 – 5 July 1934) was an Egyptians, Egyptian Philology, philologist, sometimes called the '' "Dean of Arabism" '' () or "''Shaikh al-Orouba "'', and longtime secretary of the Cabinet of Egypt, Egyptian Cabinet. Civil service Though he was Alexandrian, Ahmad attended Cairo's Qurabiyya and Tagheeziya Education in Egypt, Egyptian Schools, followed by the School of Administration or Madraset El Edaryya. While a student there, he won a competition to become a translator for Ismailia Governorate, Ismailia's provincial government at a monthly salary of ; in 1888, thanks to his command of French language, French, he moved to the press bureau of the Ministry of Interior (Egypt), Interior Ministry. He also became an editor and translator for ''Vekayi-i Misriye, al-Waqa'i`al-Masriya'', a translation teacher for the Khedivial School, and an Arabic language, Arabic teacher for the Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale, French Archaeological Institute in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jamal Al-Din Qasimi
Jamal al-Din bin Muhammad Saeed bin Qasim al-Hallaq al-Qasimi (1283 AH / 1866 CE - 1332 AH / 1914 CE) (Arabic: جمال الدين القاسمي), was the organizer of the story of Kalila and Dimna. He was one of the pioneers of the modern scientific and religious renaissance movement in the modern era of the Levant. He was one of the great Muslim scholars in the first half of the 14th century AH, and authored many valuable books that benefited scholars and students. Lineage His full name was Abu al-Faraj Muhammad Jamal al-Din bin Muhammad Saeed bin Qasim bin Salih bin Ismail bin Abi Bakr al-Qasimi al-Kilani al-Hasani al-Dimashqi. He acquired the honor of lineage associated with being a descendant of the Islamic prophet Muhammad from both of the Prophet's esteemed grandsons (he was a descendant of Sheikh Abdul Qadir al-Jilani from the Hasan Sibt dynasty, and a descendant of the tribe of the Husseini Dasuqiya). His father, Sheikh Muhammad Saeed Al-Qasimi, was one of the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khalidi Family
Al-Khaldi ( ar, الْخَالْدِي), also spelled Al Khalidi is the last name given to members of the tribe of Bani Khalid. The tribe traditionally claims descent from Khalid ibn al-Walid a senior companion of the Prophet Muhammad, and esteemed general who was crucial in the Islamic Conquest of Persia and Syria. This claim has been questioned by Arab genealogists who have suggested that the tribe may descend from his relatives from Banu Makhzum and not from Khalid himself, alternatively, they have largely been attributed to. The tribe has historically been powerful in the Arabian Peninsula, having ruled Southern Iraq, Kuwait, and Eastern Arabia after expelling Ottoman and Portuguese forces in 1670. After their conflict and fall to the Emirate of Diriyah, many Khalidis scattered to Iraq and the Levant, where many of them remain to this day. The Khalidis were reinstated in power by the Ottomans after the deposition of the first Saudi State in the early 19th century, but the Sau ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
