|
Taenitidaceae
Pteridaceae is a family of ferns in the order Polypodiales, including some 1150 known species in ca 45 genera (depending on taxonomic opinions), divided over five subfamilies. The family includes four groups of genera that are sometimes recognized as separate families: the adiantoid, cheilanthoid, pteridoid, and hemionitidoid ferns. Relationships among these groups remain unclear, and although some recent genetic analyses of the Pteridales suggest that neither the family Pteridaceae nor the major groups within it are all monophyletic, as yet these analyses are insufficiently comprehensive and robust to provide good support for a revision of the order at the family level. Description Members of Pteridaceae have creeping or erect rhizomes. The leaves are almost always compound and have linear sori that are typically on the margins of the leaves and lack a true indusium, typically being protected by a false indusium formed from the reflexed margin of the leaf. Taxonomy T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pityrogramma Austroamericana
''Pityrogramma'', the silverback ferns, or goldback ferns, is a fern genus in the subfamily Pteridoideae of the family Pteridaceae. Species , ''Plants of the World Online'' recognized the following species and hybrids: *''Pityrogramma aurantiaca'' (Hieron.) C.Chr. *'' Pityrogramma austroamericana'' Domin *'' Pityrogramma calomelanos'' (L.) Link *'' Pityrogramma chrysoconia'' Maxon ex Domin *'' Pityrogramma chrysophylla'' Link *''Pityrogramma dealbata'' (C.Presl) Domin *''Pityrogramma dukei'' Lellinger *'' Pityrogramma ebenea'' (L.) Proctor *''Pityrogramma eggersii'' Maxon *'' Pityrogramma elongata'' (C.Chr.) Pic.Serm. *''Pityrogramma ferruginea'' (Kunze) Maxon * ''Pityrogramma'' × ''herzogii'' (Rosenst.) L.D.Gómez *''Pityrogramma humbertii'' C.Chr. *'' Pityrogramma jamesonii'' (Baker) Domin *''Pityrogramma lehmannii'' (Hieron.) R.M.Tryon * ''Pityrogramma'' × ''mckenneyi'' W.H.Wagner *''Pityrogramma ochracea'' Domin *''Pityrogramma opalescens'' Sundue *''Pityrogramma pearcei'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sporangium
A sporangium (; from Late Latin, ) is an enclosure in which spores are formed. It can be composed of a single cell or can be multicellular. Virtually all plants, fungi, and many other lineages form sporangia at some point in their life cycle. Sporangia can produce spores by mitosis, but in nearly all land plants and many fungi, sporangia are the site of meiosis and produce genetically distinct haploid spores. Fungi In some phyla of fungi, the sporangium plays a role in asexual reproduction, and may play an indirect role in sexual reproduction. The sporangium forms on the sporangiophore and contains haploid nuclei and cytoplasm. Spores are formed in the sporangiophore by encasing each haploid nucleus and cytoplasm in a tough outer membrane. During asexual reproduction, these spores are dispersed via wind and germinate into haploid hyphae. Although sexual reproduction in fungi varies between phyla, for some fungi the sporangium plays an indirect role in sexual reprod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aquatic Plant
Aquatic plants are plants that have adapted to living in aquatic environments (saltwater or freshwater). They are also referred to as hydrophytes or macrophytes to distinguish them from algae and other microphytes. A macrophyte is a plant that grows in or near water and is either emergent, submergent, or floating. In lakes and rivers macrophytes provide cover for fish, substrate for aquatic invertebrates, produce oxygen, and act as food for some fish and wildlife. Macrophytes are primary producers and are the basis of the food web for many organisms. They have a significant effect on soil chemistry and light levels as they slow down the flow of water and capture pollutants and trap sediments. Excess sediment will settle into the benthos aided by the reduction of flow rates caused by the presence of plant stems, leaves and roots. Some plants have the capability of absorbing pollutants into their tissue. Seaweeds are multicellular marine algae and, although their ecologi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Onychium (plant)
''Onychium'' is a genus of ferns in the subfamily Pteridoideae of the family Pteridaceae Pteridaceae is a family of ferns in the order Polypodiales, including some 1150 known species in ca 45 genera (depending on taxonomic opinions), divided over five subfamilies. The family includes four groups of genera that are sometimes recogni .... Species , the ''Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World'' recognized the following species and hybrids: *'' Onychium cryptogrammoides'' Christ *'' Onychium divaricatum'' (Poir.) Alston *'' Onychium japonicum'' (Thunb.) Kunze *'' Onychium kholianum'' Fraser-Jenk. & S.Matsumoto *'' Onychium lucidum'' (D.Don) Spreng. * ''Onychium'' × ''matsumotoi'' Fraser-Jenk. & Kandel *'' Onychium moupinense'' Ching *'' Onychium plumosum'' Ching *'' Onychium siliculosum'' (Desv.) C.Chr. *'' Onychium tenuifrons'' Ching *'' Onychium vermae'' Fraser-Jenk. & Khullar References Pteridaceae Fern genera {{Pteridaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pteris
''Pteris'' (brake) is a genus of about 300 species of ferns in the subfamily Pteridoideae of the family Pteridaceae. They are native to tropical and subtropical regions, southward to New Zealand, Australia, and South Africa, north to Japan and North America. 78 species (35 endemic) are found in China. Some species of Pteris have considerable economic and ecological value, such as Pteris multifida, Pteris ensiformis, Pteris vittata can be used for ornamental purposes; as a hyperaccumulator, Pteris multifida and Pteris vittata can be used to control soil pollution. Many of them have linear frond segments, and some have sub-palmate division. Like other members of the Pteridaceae, the frond margin is reflexed over the marginal sori. The outermost layer is the single layered epidermis without stomata. The cortex is differentiated into outer and inner cortical region. The vascular cylinder is an amphiphloic siphonostele. The term "brake", used for members of this genus, is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pinnate
Pinnation (also called pennation) is the arrangement of feather-like or multi-divided features arising from both sides of a common axis. Pinnation occurs in biological morphology, in crystals, such as some forms of ice or metal crystals, and in patterns of erosion or stream beds. The term derives from the Latin word ''pinna'' meaning "feather", "wing", or "fin". A similar concept is "pectination," which is a comb-like arrangement of parts (arising from one side of an axis only). Pinnation is commonly referred to in contrast to "palmation," in which the parts or structures radiate out from a common point. The terms "pinnation" and "pennation" are cognate, and although they are sometimes used distinctly, there is no consistent difference in the meaning or usage of the two words.Jackson, Benjamin, Daydon; A Glossary of Botanic Terms with their Derivation and Accent; Published by Gerald Duckworth & Co. London, 4th ed 1928 Plants Botanically, pinnation is an arrangement of discr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pellaea (plant)
''Pellaea'' is a genus of ferns in the Cheilanthoideae subfamily of the Pteridaceae. The genus name is derived from the Greek word πελλος (''pellos''), meaning "dark," and refers to the brown stems. Many members of the genus are commonly known as cliffbrakes. They primarily grow in rocky habitats, including moist rocky canyons, slopes, and bluffs. Distribution Ferns in this genus are most abundant and diverse in the southwestern United States south into Andean South America, central and southern Africa, and eastern Australia to New Zealand. Description These ferns typically have creeping rhizomes and pinnately to bipinnately compound leaves lacking prominent scales or trichomes on the blades. Like most members of Pteridaceae, they have marginal sori protected by a false indusium formed from the reflexed leaf margin. The distinction of ''Pellaea'' from the typically hairier or scalier '' Cheilanthes'' has proven difficult, with some members being of uncertain affinity ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Notholaena
''Notholaena'' (from Ancient Greek νόθο(ς) + χλαῖνα), cloak fern, is a genus of ferns in the Cheilanthoideae subfamily of the Pteridaceae. Ferns of this genus are mostly epipetric (growing on rock) or occurring in coarse, gravelly soils, and are most abundant and diverse in the mountain ranges of warm arid or semiarid regions. They typically have a creeping or erect rhizome and leaves that are pinnatifid to pinnate-pinnatifid with marginal sori protected by a false indusium formed from the reflexed margin of the leaf. Members of ''Notholaena'' also have a coating of whitish or yellowish farina (a powdery secretion that prevents desiccation) on the surfaces of the leaves. The farina is often limited to the abaxial (lower) leaf surface, but may occur on the adaxial (upper) leaf surface as well. Members of the related Pentagramma genus have a similar lower leaf-surface farina. The similar genus ''Argyrochosma'' also has farinose leaves, but in that genus the ultimat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myriopteris
''Myriopteris'', commonly known as the lip ferns, is a genus of cheilanthoid ferns. Like other cheilanthoids, they are ferns of dry habitats, reproducing both sexually and apogamously. Many species have leaves divided into a large number of small, bead-like segments, the probable inspiration for the generic name. Hairs and/or scales are often present on both the upper and lower surfaces of the leaf, and their presence and appearance are useful in distinguishing between species. The genus is most diverse in Mexico, but species are found from southwestern Canada south to southern Chile, and one species is endemic to southern Africa. Description No single morphological character divides ''Myriopteris'', as presently circumscribed, from the other cheilanthoids. Convergent evolution in arid environments is thought to be responsible for widespread homoplasy in the morphological characters traditionally used to classify this group. While small, bead-like ultimate segments are associate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cheilanthes
''Cheilanthes'', commonly known as lip ferns, is a genus of about 180 species of rock-dwelling ferns with a cosmopolitan distribution in warm, dry, rocky regions, often growing in small crevices high up on cliffs. Most are small, sturdy and evergreen. The leaves, often densely covered in trichomes, spring directly from the rootstocks. Many of them are desert ferns, curling up during dry times and reviving with the coming of moisture. At the ends of veins sporangia, or spore-bearing structures, are protected by leaf margins, which curl over them. Taxonomy The genus name is derived from the Greek words χεῖλος (''cheilos''), meaning "lip," and ἄνθος (''anthos''), meaning "flower." ''Cheilanthes'' as traditionally circumscribed is now known to be highly paraphyletic, comprising at least four generically separate groups. The type species, '' C. micropteris'', is most closely allied to the genera ''Aleuritopteris'' and '' Sinopteris'' (Schuettpelz ''et al.''). In the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Astrolepis
''Astrolepis'' is a small genus of ferns in the family Pteridaceae. It was formed in 1992 from species previously placed in ''Cheilanthes'' and ''Notholaena''. The name is derived from the Greek Greek may refer to: Greece Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group. *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family. **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ... words ἄστρον (), meaning "star," and λεπίς (), meaning "scale," referring to the star-like scales on adaxial blade surfaces. Members of the genus are commonly known as star-scaled cloak ferns and are native to the Americas. Species , the ''Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World'' recognized the following species: *'' Astrolepis cochisensis'' (Goodd.) D.M.Benham & Windham – Cochise scaly cloakfern *'' Astrolepis crassifolia'' (Houlston & T.Moore) D.M.Benham & Windham *'' Astrolepis deltoidea'' (Baker) J.B.Beck & Windham ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aspidotis
''Aspidotis'' is a small genus of leptosporangiate ferns known commonly as laceferns. Most species are native to slopes, ridges, and rocky outcroppings, primarily in California and Mexico, although one species included in the genus by some authorities is widely distributed in eastern Africa. Description Members of ''Aspidotis'' are small ferns, with shiny, tufted fronds generally less than 35 centimeters long (although ''A. schimperi'' may be larger). Fertile leaves have false indusia formed by the leaves' inrolled margins, which partially conceal the spore-bearing sori. Taxonomy The taxonomy of laceferns has been considerably refined since they were first described in the late 1800s. Species currently placed in ''Aspidotis'' were originally assigned to a section of '' Hypolepis'', then to '' Cheilanthes''. David Lellinger established ''Aspidotis'' as a distinct genus based on characteristic features of its false indusia and its leaves, including their shiny surface, altho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.jpg "Click for more on -> Pteris")
