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Sultan Sarang Khan
Sarang Gakhar ( pa, , translit= Sārang Gakhar) (d. 1546) was the Chief of the Gakhars, who ruled in Pothohar Plateau in northern Punjab, Pakistan, from 1520 – 1546. Early life Father's assassination In 1519, Tatar Khan was assassinated by his nephew Hathi Khan, due to envy and hatred. War with Hathi Khan Sarang Khan and Adam Khan, both being young, escaped to Dangali. They then desired their share of the land and thus anarchy and disorder took rise. The hate, enmity, anarchy and discord coming from both sides increased to such an extent that war between Hathi Khan and the two brothers became inevitable and so they began to attack each other. It is famously known that the vanguards in the army of Hathi Khan declared that they would not strike any with the spear besides Sarang Khan. One of them, named Murad Khan, struck the head and face of Sarang Khan with a spear. Assassination of Hathi Khan Hathi Khan made peace with the Kaswals and married a daughter from the famil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rawat Fort
Rawat Fort ( ur, ) is an early 16th century fort in the Pothohar plateau of Pakistan, near the city of Rawalpindi in the province of Punjab. The fort was built to defend the Pothohar plateau from the forces of the Pashtun king Sher Shah Suri. Location It is 17 km east of Rawalpindi on Grand Trunk Road. The 2nd century Mankiala stupa can be seen from the roof of the fort's mosque. The fort is located approximately 50 miles from the vast Rohtas Fort, which had been built by Sher Shah Suri to establish control of the Potohar region. Etymology Rawat Fort derives is named from the Arabic word ''Rabat'' ( ar, رباط), meaning ''caravanserai'' - an inn for caravans. History The fort was founded as a caravanserai in the 15th century by the Delhi Sultanate, though the caravan itself may have been built atop a Ghaznavid-era fort that was established in 1036 CE. The caravanserai was then later fortified in the 16th century by the Mughal emperor Humayun in order to defend the Po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pargana
Pargana ( bn, পরগনা, , hi, परगना, ur, پرگنہ) or parganah, also spelt pergunnah during the time of the Sultanate period, Mughal times and British Raj, is a former administrative unit of the Indian subcontinent and each ''Parganas'' may or may not subdivided into some ''pirs''. Those revinue units are used primarily, but not exclusively, by the Muslim kingdoms. After independence the Parganas became equivalent to Block/ Tahsil and Pirs became Grampanchayat. ''Parganas'' were introduced by the Delhi Sultanate. As a revenue unit, a pargana consists of several '' mouzas'', which are the smallest revenue units, consisting of one or more villages and the surrounding countryside. Under the reign of Sher Shah Suri, administration of parganas was strengthened by the addition of other officers, including a '' shiqdar'' (police chief), an ''amin'' or ''munsif'' (an arbitrator who assessed and collected revenue) and a ''karkun'' (record keeper). Mughal era In the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gakhar Mandi
Ghakhar Mandi ( pa, ) is a city in the Gujranwala District of Pakistan, located between Wazirabad to the northwest and Gujranwala to the southeast. It is central to 33 villages, and the home of Pakistan's second-largest electrical grid. Ghakhar Mandi is famous for its hand made industry and floor mats. It is also known for the production of rice, and wheat. It is also home to a historic railway station. Asia's oldest road, the Grand Trunk Road, which was built nearly 500 years ago by Sher Shah Suri passes through this city. Notable people *Muhammad Rafiq Tarar, former President of Pakistan. *Qamar Javed Bajwa General Qamar Javed Bajwa ( ur, ; born 11 November 1960) is a retired Pakistani army general who served as the tenth Chief of the Army Staff of Pakistan from 29 November 2016 to 29 November 2022. In 2018 he was ranked 68th in the ''Forbes' ..., Chief of Army Staff of Pakistan Army. * Nassar Ikram, Admiral in Pakistan Navy References Cities and towns in Guj ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The History Of India, As Told By Its Own Historians
''The History of India, as Told by Its Own Historians'' is a book comprising translations of medieval Persian chronicles based on the work of Henry Miers Elliot. It was originally published as a set of eight volumes between 1867-1877 in London. The translations were in part overseen by Elliot, whose efforts were then extended and edited posthumously by John Dowson. The book has been reprinted several times, and is also available online. Elliot was keen to contrast what he saw as the justice and efficiency of the British rule compared to cruelty and despotism of Muslim rule. He expressed hope that it "will make our native subjects more sensible of the immense advantages accruing to them under the mildness and equity of our rule." Background Henry Miers Elliot was born in 1808. He was an administrator who worked for the British East India Company (EIC) and rose to the position of foreign secretary under the Governor-Generalships of Henry Hardinge and James Broun-Ramsay, 1st Marqu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Humayun
Nasir-ud-Din Muhammad ( fa, ) (; 6 March 1508 – 27 January 1556), better known by his regnal name, Humāyūn; (), was the second emperor of the Mughal Empire, who ruled over territory in what is now Eastern Afghanistan, Pakistan, Northern India, and Bangladesh from 1530 to 1540 and again from 1555 to 1556. Like his father, Babur, he lost his empire early but regained it with the aid of the Safavid dynasty of Persia, with additional territory. At the time of his death in 1556, the Mughal Empire spanned almost one million square kilometres. In December 1530, Humayun succeeded his father to the throne of Delhi as ruler of the Mughal territories in the Indian subcontinent. Humayun was an inexperienced ruler when he came to power, at the age of 22. His half-brother Kamran Mirza inherited Kabul and Kandahar, the northernmost parts of their father's empire. The two half-brothers would become bitter rivals. Humayun lost Mughal territories to Sher Shah Suri, but regained them 15 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mughal Dynasty
The Mughal dynasty ( fa, ; ''Dudmân-e Mughal'') comprised the members of the imperial House of Babur ( fa, ; ''Khāndān-e-Āl-e-Bābur''), also known as the Gurkanis ( fa, ; ''Gūrkāniyān''), who ruled the Mughal Empire from to 1857. The Mughals originated as a Central Asian branch of the Timurid dynasty, supplemented with extra Borjigin (the clan which ruled the Mongol Empire and its successor states) bloodlines. The dynasty's founder, Babur (born 1483), was a direct descendant of the Asian conqueror Timur (1336–1405) on his father's side and of Mongol emperor Genghis Khan (died 1227) on his mother's side, and Babur's ancestors had other affiliations with Genghisids through marriage and common ancestry. The term "Mughal" is itself a derivative form of "Mongol" in the Arabic and Persian languages: it emphasised the Mongol origins of the Mughal dynasty. During much of the Empire's history, the emperor functioned as the absolute head of state, head of government and h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sher Shah Suri
Sher Shah Suri ( ps, شیرشاه سوری) (1472, or 1486 – 22 May 1545), born Farīd Khān ( ps, فرید خان) , was the founder of the Sur Empire in India, with its capital in Sasaram in modern-day Bihar. He standardized the silver coin to the weight of 178 grams and named the currency as rupee based on the ancient Sanskrit term for silver. An ethnic Pashtun ruler, Sher Shah took control of the Mughal Empire in 1540 CE. After his accidental death in 1545 CE, his son Islam Shah became his successor. He first served as a private before rising to become a commander in the Mughal army under Babur and then the governor of Bihar. In 1537, when Babur's son Humayun was elsewhere on an expedition, Sher Shah overran the state of Bengal and established the Suri dynasty. A brilliant strategist, Sher Shah proved himself as a gifted administrator as well as a capable general. His reorganization of the empire laid the foundations for the later Mughal emperors, notably Akbar, son of Hu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Afghans
Afghans ( ps, افغانان, translit=afghanan; Persian/ prs, افغان ها, translit=afghānhā; Persian: افغانستانی, romanized: ''Afghanistani'') or Afghan people are nationals or citizens of Afghanistan, or people with ancestry from there. Afghanistan is made up of various ethnicities, of which the Pashtuns, Tajiks, Hazaras and Uzbeks are the largest; the pre-nation state, historical ethnonym Afghan was used to refer to a member of the Pashtun ethnic group. Due to the changing political nature of the state, such as the British-drawn border with Pakistan (then British India) the meaning has changed, and term has shifted to be the national identity of people from Afghanistan from all ethnicities. The two main languages spoken by Afghans are Pashto and Dari (the Afghan dialect of Persian language), and many are bilingual. Background The earliest mention of the name ''Afghan'' (''Abgân'') is by Shapur I of the Sassanid Empire during the 3rd century CE, In the 4th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tandoor
A tandoor ( or ) is a large urn-shaped oven, usually made of clay, originating from the Indian Subcontinent. Since antiquity, tandoors have been used to bake unleavened flatbreads, such as roti and naan, as well as to roast meat. The tandoor is predominantly used in Western Asian, Central Asian, South Asian and Horn of African cuisines. The roots of the tandoor can be traced back over 5000 years, to the ancient Indus Valley Civilization, one of the oldest known civilizations. The standard heating element of a tandoor is an internal charcoal or wood fire, which cooks food with direct heat and smoke. Tandoors can be fully above ground, or partially buried below ground, often reaching over a meter in height/depth. Temperatures in a tandoor can reach , and they are routinely kept lit for extended periods. Therefore, traditional tandoors are usually found in restaurant kitchens. Modern tandoors are often made of metal. Variations, such as tandoors with gas or electric heating elem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dahan Gali
Dhaan Gali is a village in Samote Union Council Samote Union Council () is a union council in Punjab, Pakistan. On 1 July 2004, Samote became the Union Council of Tehsil Kallar Syeda. Rawalpindi District was a Union Council of the Tehsil Kahuta. Delimitation 2018 Samote Comes under Choha K ... of Kallar Syedan Tehsil, Rawalpindi District in the Punjab Province of Pakista Schools in Dhaan Gali * Government Elementary School Dhaan Gal{{Neighbourhoods of Kallar Syedan Populated places in Kallar Syedan Tehsil Villages in Samote union council ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islamic Calendar
The Hijri calendar ( ar, ٱلتَّقْوِيم ٱلْهِجْرِيّ, translit=al-taqwīm al-hijrī), also known in English as the Muslim calendar and Islamic calendar, is a lunar calendar consisting of 12 lunar months in a year of 354 or 355 days. It is used to determine the proper days of Islamic holidays and rituals, such as the Ramadan, annual fasting and the annual season for the Hajj, great pilgrimage. In almost all countries where the predominant religion is Islam, the civil calendar is the Gregorian calendar, with Assyrian calendar, Syriac month-names used in the Arabic names of calendar months#Levant and Mesopotamia, Levant and Mesopotamia (Iraq, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon and State of Palestine, Palestine) but the religious calendar is the Hijri one. This calendar enumerates the Hijri era, whose Epoch (reference date), epoch was established as the Islamic New Year in 622 Common Era, CE. During that year, Muhammad and his followers migrated from Mecca to Medina and es ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pothohar Plateau
The Pothohar Plateau ( ur, ) is a plateau in north-eastern Pakistan, located between Indus River and the Jhelum River, forming the northern part of Punjab. Geography Potohar Plateau is bounded on the east by the Jhelum River, on the west by the Indus River, on the north by the Kala Chitta Range and the Margalla Hills, and on the south by the Salt Range. The southern end of the plateau is bounded by the Thal desert. The 5000 square miles of the plateau range from an average height of 1200 to 1900 feet above the sea level. Sakesar in the Salt Range is the highest mountain of the region and Tilla Jogian is the second highest. The Sivapithecus indicus fossil skull of an extinct ape species was discovered in Potohar plateau. Economy The plateau covers about 7 percent of all the cultivated land of Pakistan and most of it is very fertile, but the region does not have any proper irrigation system, with the agriculture being largely dependent on rainfall. The plateau is the locatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
