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Sulfolobaceae
Sulfolobaceae are a family of the Sulfolobales belonging to the domain Archaea. The family consists of several genera adapted to survive environmental niches with extreme temperature and low pH conditions. Ecology ''Sulfolobaceae'' species are thermophiles, commonly found in hot springs, hydrothermal vents, mudpots, and volcanically active regions, with '' Sulfolobus'' genus found almost anywhere with volcanic activity. ''Sulfolobaceae'' are found in temperatures ranging from 40 to 95 °C. They are found in pH levels between 1 and 6 which makes specific species acidophiles. Certain species, like ''Metallosphaera prunae'', have been found living on smoldering waste material from mines by utilizing a lithoautotrophic metabolism. ''Sulfolobaceae'' are involved in biofilm formation. Analysis of biofilms produced by different species has shown very few regulating proteins in common between these species, thus indicating that multiple different regulatory mechanisms for biofil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sulfurococcus
Sulfolobaceae are a family of the Sulfolobales belonging to the domain Archaea. The family consists of several genera adapted to survive environmental niches with extreme temperature and low pH conditions. Ecology ''Sulfolobaceae'' species are thermophiles, commonly found in hot springs, hydrothermal vents, mudpots, and volcanically active regions, with ''Sulfolobus'' genus found almost anywhere with volcanic activity. ''Sulfolobaceae'' are found in temperatures ranging from 40 to 95 °C. They are found in pH levels between 1 and 6 which makes specific species acidophiles. Certain species, like ''Metallosphaera prunae'', have been found living on smoldering waste material from mines by utilizing a lithoautotrophic metabolism. ''Sulfolobaceae'' are involved in biofilm formation. Analysis of biofilms produced by different species has shown very few regulating proteins in common between these species, thus indicating that multiple different regulatory mechanisms for biofilm f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sulfolobus
''Sulfolobus'' is a genus of microorganism in the family Sulfolobaceae. It belongs to the archaea domain. ''Sulfolobus'' species grow in volcanic springs with optimal growth occurring at pH 2-3 and temperatures of 75-80 °C, making them acidophiles and thermophiles respectively. ''Sulfolobus'' cells are irregularly shaped and flagellar. Species of ''Sulfolobus'' are generally named after the location from which they were first isolated, e.g. ''Sulfolobus solfataricus'' was first isolated in the Solfatara volcano. Other species can be found throughout the world in areas of volcanic or geothermal activity, such as geological formations called mud pots, which are also known as ''solfatare'' (plural of solfatara). ''Sulfolobus'' as a model to study the molecular mechanisms of DNA replication When the first Archaeal genome, '' Methanococcus jannaschii'', had been sequenced completely in 1996, it was found that the genes in the genome of ''Methanococcus jannaschii'' involv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sulfolobales
In taxonomy, the Sulfolobales are an order of the Thermoprotei. Phylogeny The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) DNA transfer Exposure of ''Sulfolobus solfataricus'' to the DNA damaging agents UV-irradiation, bleomycin or Mitomycins, mitomycin C induces cellular aggregation. Other physical stressors, such as pH or temperature shift, do not induce aggregation, suggesting that induction of aggregation is caused specifically by DNA damage. Ajon et al. showed that UV-induced cellular aggregation mediates chromosomal marker exchange with high frequency. Recombination rates exceeded those of uninduced cultures by up to three orders of magnitude. Frols et al. and Ajon et al. hypothesized that the UV-inducible DNA transfer process and subsequent homologous recombinational repair represents an important mechanism to maintain chromosome integrity. This r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stygiolobus
In taxonomy, ''Stygiolobus'' is a genus of the Sulfolobaceae.See the NCBI The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is part of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), a branch of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). It is approved and funded by the government of the United States. The ...br>webpage on Stygiolobus Data extracted from the References Further reading Scientific journals * * Scientific books * Scientific databases External links Archaea genera Thermoproteota {{archaea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metallosphaera
In taxonomy, ''Metallosphaera'' is a genus of the Sulfolobaceae.See the NCBI The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is part of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), a branch of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). It is approved and funded by the government of the United States. The ...br>webpage on Metallosphaera Data extracted from the References Further reading Scientific journals * * * Scientific books * Scientific databases External links ''Metallosphaera'' at Bac''Dive'' - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase Archaea genera Thermoproteota {{archaea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metallosphaera
In taxonomy, ''Metallosphaera'' is a genus of the Sulfolobaceae.See the NCBI The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is part of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), a branch of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). It is approved and funded by the government of the United States. The ...br>webpage on Metallosphaera Data extracted from the References Further reading Scientific journals * * * Scientific books * Scientific databases External links ''Metallosphaera'' at Bac''Dive'' - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase Archaea genera Thermoproteota {{archaea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acidianus
In taxonomy, ''Acidianus'' is a genus of the Sulfolobaceae.See the NCBIbr>webpage on Acidianus Data extracted from the See also * List of bacterial genera named after mythological figures Several bacterial species are named after Greek or Roman mythical figures. The rules present for List of bacterial genera named after personal names, species named after a famous person do not apply, although some names are changed in the female no ... References Further reading Scientific journals * * * * Scientific books * Scientific databases External links ''Acidianus'' at Bac''Dive'' - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase Archaea genera Thermoproteota {{archaea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sulfurisphaera
''Sulfurisphaera'' is a genus of the Sulfolobaceae. Description and significance ''Sulfurisphaera'' is a facultatively anaerobic, thermophilic, Gram-negative archaeon that occurs in acidic solfataric fields. The organism grows under the temperature range of 63–92 °C with the optimum temperature at 84 °C, and under the pH range of 1.0–5.0, with an optimum of pH 2.0. It forms colonies that are smooth, roundly convex, and slightly yellow. Genome structure The genome of ''Sulfurisphaera'' is yet to be sequenced. The G + C content is estimated to be 30–33%. Cell structure and metabolism The spherical cells of ''Sulfurisphaera ohwakuensis'' are 1.2–1.5 µm in diameter. Thin sections of the organism reveal an envelope (approx. 24 nm) surrounding the cell membrane. It grows organotrophically on proteinaceous, complex substrates such as yeast extract, peptone, and tryptone. Growth was not observed on single sugars or amino acids such as D-glucose, D-galactos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sulfolobus Acidocaldarius
''Sulfolobus acidocaldarius'' is a thermoacidophilic archaeon that belongs to the phylum Thermoproteota. ''S. acidocaldarius'' was the first ''Sulfolobus'' species to be described, in 1972 by Thomas D. Brock and collaborators. This species was found to grow optimally between 75 and 80 °C, with pH optimum in the range of 2-3. Isolation ''Sulfolobus acidocaldarius'' was first isolated from thermal soils and hot springs with low pH in the United States of America (specifically in the Yellowstone National Park), in El Salvador, Dominica and Italy. The springs where this species was isolated had a pH less than 3 and temperatures in the range of 65-90 °C. Morphological description ''Sulfolobus acidocaldarius'' is, as all Archaea, unicellular. Cells belonging to this species are spherical, albeit irregular, and usually possess lobes. The diameter of the cells fall in the range of 0.8-1 μm, with little size variation. Cell replication ''Sulfolobus acidocaldarius'' possess a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mixotroph
A mixotroph is an organism that can use a mix of different sources of energy and carbon, instead of having a single trophic mode on the continuum from complete autotrophy at one end to heterotrophy at the other. It is estimated that mixotrophs comprise more than half of all microscopic plankton. There are two types of eukaryotic mixotrophs: those with their own chloroplasts, and those with endosymbionts—and those that acquire them through kleptoplasty or by enslaving the entire phototrophic cell. Possible combinations are photo- and chemotrophy, litho- and organotrophy (osmotrophy, phagotrophy and myzocytosis), auto- and heterotrophy or other combinations of these. Mixotrophs can be either eukaryotic or prokaryotic. They can take advantage of different environmental conditions. If a trophic mode is obligate, then it is always necessary for sustaining growth and maintenance; if facultative, it can be used as a supplemental source. Some organisms have incomplete Calvin cycles, s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lithoautotroph
A lithoautotroph is an organism which derives energy from reactions of reduced compounds of mineral (inorganic) origin. Two types of lithoautotrophs are distinguished by their energy source; photolithoautotrophs derive their energy from light while chemolithoautotrophs (chemolithotrophs or chemoautotrophs) derive their energy from chemical reactions. Chemolithoautotrophs are exclusively microbes. Photolithoautotrophs include macroflora such as plants; these do not possess the ability to use mineral sources of reduced compounds for energy. Most chemolithoautotrophs belong to the domain Bacteria, while some belong to the domain Archaea. Lithoautotrophic bacteria can only use inorganic molecules as substrates in their energy-releasing reactions. The term "lithotroph" is from Greek ''lithos'' (''λίθος'') meaning "rock" and ''trōphos'' (τροφοσ) meaning "consumer"; literally, it may be read "eaters of rock". The "lithotroph" part of the name refers to the fact that these org ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chemotroph
A Chemotroph is an organism that obtains energy by the oxidation of electron donors in their environments. These molecules can be organic ( chemoorganotrophs) or inorganic (chemolithotrophs). The chemotroph designation is in contrast to phototrophs, which use photons. Chemotrophs can be either autotrophic or heterotrophic. Chemotrophs can be found in areas where electron donors are present in high concentration, for instance around hydrothermal vents. Chemoautotroph Chemoautotrophs, in addition to deriving energy from chemical reactions, synthesize all necessary organic compounds from carbon dioxide. Chemoautotrophs can use inorganic energy sources such as hydrogen sulfide, elemental sulfur, ferrous iron, molecular hydrogen, and ammonia or organic sources to produce energy. Most chemoautotrophs are extremophiles, bacteria or archaea that live in hostile environments (such as deep sea vents) and are the primary producers in such ecosystems. Chemoautotrophs generally fall into s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
