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Spadellidae
Spadellidae is a family of sagittoideans in the order Phragmophora. Spadellidae prey on plankton Plankton are the diverse collection of organisms found in water (or air) that are unable to propel themselves against a current (or wind). The individual organisms constituting plankton are called plankters. In the ocean, they provide a crucia ... and commonly reside in the epipelagic zone of the ocean. Genera *'' Bathyspadella'' Tokioka, 1939Tokioka, T. (1939). Three new chaetognaths from Japanese waters. ''Memoirs of the Imperial Marine Observatory'', 7, 129–139. *'' Calispadella'' Casanova & Moreau, 2005Casanova, J. Moreau, X. (2005). ''Calispadella alata'' n. gen., n. sp., the first chaetognath recorded from a hydrothermal vent site (Mid-Atlantic Ridge). ''Journal of Plankton Research'', 27(2), 221–225. *'' Hemispadella'' Casanova, 1996Casanova, J. (1996). A new genus and species of deep benthic chaetognath from the Atlantic: a probable link between the families Heterok ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hemispadella
''Hemispadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae. It consists of one species, ''Hemispadella dauvini'' Casanova, 1996. The species, as the generic name implies, shares numerous, but not all, of the characteristics of Spadellidae; it shares a number of other characteristics with Heterokrohniidae Heterokrohniidae is a family of sagittoideans in the order Phragmophora Phragmophora is an order of sagittoideans in the phylum Chaetognatha. Families * Eukrohniidae Tokioka, 1965 *Heterokrohniidae Casanova, 1985Casanova, J. (1985). Descrip .... The ventral ganglion, poorly described in chaetognaths,Bone, Q. & Pulsford, A. (1984). The sense organs and ventral ganglion of ''Sagitta'' (Chaetognatha). ''Acta Zoologica'', 65(4), 209–220. is of similar size to the Heterokrohniidae, and the larger number of teeth, and the difference in appearance and function between the anterior and posterior teeth, are similarly characteristic. The relative tail size is similar to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calispadella
''Calispadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae. It consists of one species, ''Calispadella alata'' Casanova & Moreau, 2005. It is differentiated from other species of Spadellidae by the presence of an unusually long tail segment and a rare aspect of the lateral fins, similar to that of ''Paraspadella ''Paraspadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae Spadellidae is a family of sagittoideans in the order Phragmophora. Spadellidae prey on plankton Plankton are the diverse collection of organisms found in water (or ... gotoi'' Casanova, 1990. The species is noted by the complete development of seminal vesicles in juveniles and the use of lateral fins for buoyancy in the deep-sea waters where the specimens were found. It was the first to be described exclusively in the range of deep-sea hydrothermic vents.Hernández-Flores, R., McLelland, J. & Suárez-Morales, E. (2009)Planktonic Chaetognatha of the Gulf of Mexico.In: Felder, D. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bathyspadella
''Bathyspadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae. The genus shares morphological similarities to Eukrohniidae and Spadellidae, although it is molecularly similar to Heterokrohniidae. The unusual position of ''Bathyspadella'' would indicate a need to revise the existing order of Phragmophora; however, that would be very difficult, as a number of genera and species exist only in small or difficult to access populations, by which it would be difficult to fully examine all related species. A review of the Chaetognatha, published after the discovery of ''B. oxydentata'', found that the standard division of Phragmophora and Aphragmophora to be improper molecularly, noting the close morphological convergence of the Krohnittidae (Aphragmophora) and ''Xenokrohnia'' (Phragmophora: Heterokrohniidae Heterokrohniidae is a family of sagittoideans in the order Phragmophora Phragmophora is an order of sagittoideans in the phylum Chaetognatha. Families * Eukrohniida ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sagittoidea
The Chaetognatha or chaetognaths (meaning ''bristle-jaws'') are a phylum of predatory marine worms that are a major component of plankton worldwide. Commonly known as arrow worms, about 20% of the known Chaetognatha species are benthic zone, benthic, and can attach to algae and rocks. They are found in all marine waters, from surface tropical waters and shallow tide pools to the deep sea and polar regions. Most chaetognaths are transparent and are torpedo shaped, but some deep-sea species are orange. They range in size from . There are more than 120 modern species assigned to over 20 genera. Despite the limited diversity of species, the number of individuals is large. Arrow worms are usually considered a type of protostome that do not belong to either Ecdysozoa or Lophotrochozoa. Anatomy Chaetognaths are transparent or translucent dart-shaped animals covered by a cuticle. The body is divided into a distinct head, trunk, and tail. There are between four and fourteen hooked, gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phragmophora
Phragmophora is an order of sagittoideans in the phylum Chaetognatha. Families *Eukrohniidae Tokioka, 1965 *Heterokrohniidae Casanova, 1985Casanova, J. (1985). Description de l'appareil génital primitif du genre ''Heterokrohnia'' et nouvelle classification des Chaetognathes. ''Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences de Paris'', 301(8), 397–402. *Krohnittellidae Bieri, 1989Bieri, R. (1989). Krohnittellidae and Bathybelidae, new families in the phylum Chaetognatha; the rejection of the family Tokiokaispadellidae and the genera ''Tokiokaisapadella'', ''Zahonya'', and ''Aberrospadella''. ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 102(4), 973–976. *Spadellidae Tokioka, 1965 See also *Taxonomy of invertebrates (Brusca & Brusca, 2003) The biological systematics and taxonomy of invertebrates as proposed by Richard C. Brusca and Gary J. Brusca in 2003 is a system of classification of invertebrates, as a way to classify animals without ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paraspadella
''Paraspadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae Spadellidae is a family of sagittoideans in the order Phragmophora. Spadellidae prey on plankton Plankton are the diverse collection of organisms found in water (or air) that are unable to propel themselves against a current (or wind). Th .... ''Paraspadella'' was originally considered as '' Spadella'' before a revision separated that genus into three genera: ''Spadella'', ''Paraspadella'', and ''Gephyrospadella'', the last of which is now synonymised to ''Paraspadella''. The initial division was based on previous knowledge of three groups of ''Spadella'', in a similar manner in which '' Sagitta'' was divided into a family of genera. ''Paraspadella'' is differentiated from ''Spadella'' by the presence of disparate (digital) adhesive organs, present in the former to various degrees, but entirely absent in the latter. Species *'' Paraspadella anops'' Bowman & Bieri, 1989Bowman, T. & Bieri, R. (1989). '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spadella
''Spadella'' is a genus of worms belonging to the family Spadellidae. The species of this genus are found in Europe, Northern America, Pacific Ocean. Species Species: *''Spadella angulata'' *''Spadella antarctica'' *''Spadella birostrata ''Spadella'' is a genus of worms belonging to the family Spadellidae. The species of this genus are found in Europe, Northern America, Pacific Ocean. Species Species: *''Spadella angulata'' *''Spadella antarctica ''Spadella'' is a genus of ...'' References {{Taxonbar, from=Q2330212 Chaetognatha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chaetognatha
The Chaetognatha or chaetognaths (meaning ''bristle-jaws'') are a phylum of predatory marine worms that are a major component of plankton worldwide. Commonly known as arrow worms, about 20% of the known Chaetognatha species are benthic, and can attach to algae and rocks. They are found in all marine waters, from surface tropical waters and shallow tide pools to the deep sea and polar regions. Most chaetognaths are transparent and are torpedo shaped, but some deep-sea species are orange. They range in size from . There are more than 120 modern species assigned to over 20 genera. Despite the limited diversity of species, the number of individuals is large. Arrow worms are usually considered a type of protostome that do not belong to either Ecdysozoa or Lophotrochozoa. Anatomy Chaetognaths are transparent or translucent dart-shaped animals covered by a cuticle. The body is divided into a distinct head, trunk, and tail. There are between four and fourteen hooked, grasping spines ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Family (biology)
Family ( la, familia, plural ') is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between order and genus. A family may be divided into subfamilies, which are intermediate ranks between the ranks of family and genus. The official family names are Latin in origin; however, popular names are often used: for example, walnut trees and hickory trees belong to the family Juglandaceae, but that family is commonly referred to as the "walnut family". What belongs to a family—or if a described family should be recognized at all—are proposed and determined by practicing taxonomists. There are no hard rules for describing or recognizing a family, but in plants, they can be characterized on the basis of both vegetative and reproductive features of plant species. Taxonomists often take different positions about descriptions, and there may be no broad consensus across the scientific community for some time. The publishing of new data and opini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order (biology)
Order ( la, wikt:ordo#Latin, ordo) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between Family_(biology), family and Class_(biology), class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized by the nomenclature codes. An immediately higher rank, superorder, is sometimes added directly above order, with suborder directly beneath order. An order can also be defined as a group of related families. What does and does not belong to each order is determined by a taxonomist, as is whether a particular order should be recognized at all. Often there is no exact agreement, with different taxonomists each taking a different position. There are no hard rules that a taxonomist needs to follow in describing or recognizing an order. Some taxa are accepted almost universally, while others are recognized only rarely. The name of an order is usually written with a capital letter. Fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plankton
Plankton are the diverse collection of organisms found in Hydrosphere, water (or atmosphere, air) that are unable to propel themselves against a Ocean current, current (or wind). The individual organisms constituting plankton are called plankters. In the ocean, they provide a crucial source of food to many small and large aquatic organisms, such as bivalves, fish and whales. Marine plankton include bacteria, archaea, algae, protozoa and drifting or floating animals that inhabit the saltwater of oceans and the brackish waters of estuaries. Freshwater plankton are similar to marine plankton, but are found in the freshwaters of lakes and rivers. Plankton are usually thought of as inhabiting water, but there are also airborne versions, the aeroplankton, that live part of their lives drifting in the atmosphere. These include plant spores, pollen and wind-scattered seeds, as well as microorganisms swept into the air from terrestrial dust storms and oceanic plankton swept into the air ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
