Paraspadella

	Paraspadella ''Paraspadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae Spadellidae is a family of sagittoideans in the order Phragmophora. Spadellidae prey on plankton Plankton are the diverse collection of organisms found in water (or air) that are unable to propel themselves against a current (or wind). Th .... ''Paraspadella'' was originally considered as '' Spadella'' before a revision separated that genus into three genera: ''Spadella'', ''Paraspadella'', and ''Gephyrospadella'', the last of which is now synonymised to ''Paraspadella''. The initial division was based on previous knowledge of three groups of ''Spadella'', in a similar manner in which '' Sagitta'' was divided into a family of genera. ''Paraspadella'' is differentiated from ''Spadella'' by the presence of disparate (digital) adhesive organs, present in the former to various degrees, but entirely absent in the latter. Species '' Paraspadella anops'' Bowman & Bieri, 1989Bowman, T. & Bieri, R. (1989). '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Paraspadella Anops ''Paraspadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae Spadellidae is a family of sagittoideans in the order Phragmophora. Spadellidae prey on plankton Plankton are the diverse collection of organisms found in water (or air) that are unable to propel themselves against a current (or wind). Th .... ''Paraspadella'' was originally considered as '' Spadella'' before a revision separated that genus into three genera: ''Spadella'', ''Paraspadella'', and ''Gephyrospadella'', the last of which is now synonymised to ''Paraspadella''. The initial division was based on previous knowledge of three groups of ''Spadella'', in a similar manner in which '' Sagitta'' was divided into a family of genera. ''Paraspadella'' is differentiated from ''Spadella'' by the presence of disparate (digital) adhesive organs, present in the former to various degrees, but entirely absent in the latter. Species '' Paraspadella anops'' Bowman & Bieri, 1989Bowman, T. & Bieri, R. (1989). '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Paraspadella Caecafea ''Paraspadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae. ''Paraspadella'' was originally considered as '' Spadella'' before a revision separated that genus into three genera: ''Spadella'', ''Paraspadella'', and ''Gephyrospadella'', the last of which is now synonymised to ''Paraspadella''. The initial division was based on previous knowledge of three groups of ''Spadella'', in a similar manner in which '' Sagitta'' was divided into a family of genera. ''Paraspadella'' is differentiated from ''Spadella'' by the presence of disparate (digital) adhesive organs, present in the former to various degrees, but entirely absent in the latter. Species ''Paraspadella anops ''Paraspadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae Spadellidae is a family of sagittoideans in the order Phragmophora. Spadellidae prey on plankton Plankton are the diverse collection of organisms found in water (or ...'' Bowman & Bieri, 1989Bowman, T. & Bieri, R. (1989). ''P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Paraspadella Gotoi ''Paraspadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae. ''Paraspadella'' was originally considered as '' Spadella'' before a revision separated that genus into three genera: ''Spadella'', ''Paraspadella'', and ''Gephyrospadella'', the last of which is now synonymised to ''Paraspadella''. The initial division was based on previous knowledge of three groups of ''Spadella'', in a similar manner in which '' Sagitta'' was divided into a family of genera. ''Paraspadella'' is differentiated from ''Spadella'' by the presence of disparate (digital) adhesive organs, present in the former to various degrees, but entirely absent in the latter. Species ''Paraspadella anops'' Bowman & Bieri, 1989Bowman, T. & Bieri, R. (1989). ''Paraspadella anops'', new species, from Sagittarius Cave, Grand Bahama Island, the second troglobitic chaetognath. ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 102(3), 586–589. ''Paraspadella caecafea ''Paraspadella'' is a genus of chaet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Paraspadella Johnstoni ''Paraspadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae. ''Paraspadella'' was originally considered as '' Spadella'' before a revision separated that genus into three genera: ''Spadella'', ''Paraspadella'', and ''Gephyrospadella'', the last of which is now synonymised to ''Paraspadella''. The initial division was based on previous knowledge of three groups of ''Spadella'', in a similar manner in which '' Sagitta'' was divided into a family of genera. ''Paraspadella'' is differentiated from ''Spadella'' by the presence of disparate (digital) adhesive organs, present in the former to various degrees, but entirely absent in the latter. Species ''Paraspadella anops'' Bowman & Bieri, 1989Bowman, T. & Bieri, R. (1989). ''Paraspadella anops'', new species, from Sagittarius Cave, Grand Bahama Island, the second troglobitic chaetognath. ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 102(3), 586–589. ''Paraspadella caecafea'' (von Salvini-Plawen, 1986) ''Paraspa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Paraspadella Legazpichessi ''Paraspadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae. ''Paraspadella'' was originally considered as '' Spadella'' before a revision separated that genus into three genera: ''Spadella'', ''Paraspadella'', and ''Gephyrospadella'', the last of which is now synonymised to ''Paraspadella''. The initial division was based on previous knowledge of three groups of ''Spadella'', in a similar manner in which '' Sagitta'' was divided into a family of genera. ''Paraspadella'' is differentiated from ''Spadella'' by the presence of disparate (digital) adhesive organs, present in the former to various degrees, but entirely absent in the latter. Species ''Paraspadella anops'' Bowman & Bieri, 1989Bowman, T. & Bieri, R. (1989). ''Paraspadella anops'', new species, from Sagittarius Cave, Grand Bahama Island, the second troglobitic chaetognath. ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 102(3), 586–589. ''Paraspadella caecafea'' (von Salvini-Plawen, 1986) ''Paraspa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Paraspadella Nana ''Paraspadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae. ''Paraspadella'' was originally considered as '' Spadella'' before a revision separated that genus into three genera: ''Spadella'', ''Paraspadella'', and ''Gephyrospadella'', the last of which is now synonymised to ''Paraspadella''. The initial division was based on previous knowledge of three groups of ''Spadella'', in a similar manner in which '' Sagitta'' was divided into a family of genera. ''Paraspadella'' is differentiated from ''Spadella'' by the presence of disparate (digital) adhesive organs, present in the former to various degrees, but entirely absent in the latter. Species ''Paraspadella anops'' Bowman & Bieri, 1989Bowman, T. & Bieri, R. (1989). ''Paraspadella anops'', new species, from Sagittarius Cave, Grand Bahama Island, the second troglobitic chaetognath. ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 102(3), 586–589. ''Paraspadella caecafea'' (von Salvini-Plawen, 1986) ''Paraspa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Paraspadella Pimukatharos ''Paraspadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae. ''Paraspadella'' was originally considered as '' Spadella'' before a revision separated that genus into three genera: ''Spadella'', ''Paraspadella'', and ''Gephyrospadella'', the last of which is now synonymised to ''Paraspadella''. The initial division was based on previous knowledge of three groups of ''Spadella'', in a similar manner in which '' Sagitta'' was divided into a family of genera. ''Paraspadella'' is differentiated from ''Spadella'' by the presence of disparate (digital) adhesive organs, present in the former to various degrees, but entirely absent in the latter. Species ''Paraspadella anops'' Bowman & Bieri, 1989Bowman, T. & Bieri, R. (1989). ''Paraspadella anops'', new species, from Sagittarius Cave, Grand Bahama Island, the second troglobitic chaetognath. ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 102(3), 586–589. ''Paraspadella caecafea'' (von Salvini-Plawen, 1986) ''Paraspa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Paraspadella Pulchella ''Paraspadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae. ''Paraspadella'' was originally considered as '' Spadella'' before a revision separated that genus into three genera: ''Spadella'', ''Paraspadella'', and ''Gephyrospadella'', the last of which is now synonymised to ''Paraspadella''. The initial division was based on previous knowledge of three groups of ''Spadella'', in a similar manner in which '' Sagitta'' was divided into a family of genera. ''Paraspadella'' is differentiated from ''Spadella'' by the presence of disparate (digital) adhesive organs, present in the former to various degrees, but entirely absent in the latter. Species ''Paraspadella anops'' Bowman & Bieri, 1989Bowman, T. & Bieri, R. (1989). ''Paraspadella anops'', new species, from Sagittarius Cave, Grand Bahama Island, the second troglobitic chaetognath. ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 102(3), 586–589. ''Paraspadella caecafea'' (von Salvini-Plawen, 1986) ''Paraspa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Paraspadella Schizoptera ''Paraspadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae. ''Paraspadella'' was originally considered as '' Spadella'' before a revision separated that genus into three genera: ''Spadella'', ''Paraspadella'', and ''Gephyrospadella'', the last of which is now synonymised to ''Paraspadella''. The initial division was based on previous knowledge of three groups of ''Spadella'', in a similar manner in which '' Sagitta'' was divided into a family of genera. ''Paraspadella'' is differentiated from ''Spadella'' by the presence of disparate (digital) adhesive organs, present in the former to various degrees, but entirely absent in the latter. Species ''Paraspadella anops'' Bowman & Bieri, 1989Bowman, T. & Bieri, R. (1989). ''Paraspadella anops'', new species, from Sagittarius Cave, Grand Bahama Island, the second troglobitic chaetognath. ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 102(3), 586–589. ''Paraspadella caecafea'' (von Salvini-Plawen, 1986) ''Paraspa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Paraspadella Sheardi ''Paraspadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae. ''Paraspadella'' was originally considered as '' Spadella'' before a revision separated that genus into three genera: ''Spadella'', ''Paraspadella'', and ''Gephyrospadella'', the last of which is now synonymised to ''Paraspadella''. The initial division was based on previous knowledge of three groups of ''Spadella'', in a similar manner in which '' Sagitta'' was divided into a family of genera. ''Paraspadella'' is differentiated from ''Spadella'' by the presence of disparate (digital) adhesive organs, present in the former to various degrees, but entirely absent in the latter. Species ''Paraspadella anops'' Bowman & Bieri, 1989Bowman, T. & Bieri, R. (1989). ''Paraspadella anops'', new species, from Sagittarius Cave, Grand Bahama Island, the second troglobitic chaetognath. ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 102(3), 586–589. ''Paraspadella caecafea'' (von Salvini-Plawen, 1986) ''Paraspa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Chaetognatha The Chaetognatha or chaetognaths (meaning ''bristle-jaws'') are a phylum of predatory marine worms that are a major component of plankton worldwide. Commonly known as arrow worms, about 20% of the known Chaetognatha species are benthic, and can attach to algae and rocks. They are found in all marine waters, from surface tropical waters and shallow tide pools to the deep sea and polar regions. Most chaetognaths are transparent and are torpedo shaped, but some deep-sea species are orange. They range in size from . There are more than 120 modern species assigned to over 20 genera. Despite the limited diversity of species, the number of individuals is large. Arrow worms are usually considered a type of protostome that do not belong to either Ecdysozoa or Lophotrochozoa. Anatomy Chaetognaths are transparent or translucent dart-shaped animals covered by a cuticle. The body is divided into a distinct head, trunk, and tail. There are between four and fourteen hooked, grasping spines ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Spadellidae Spadellidae is a family of sagittoideans in the order Phragmophora. Spadellidae prey on plankton Plankton are the diverse collection of organisms found in water (or air) that are unable to propel themselves against a current (or wind). The individual organisms constituting plankton are called plankters. In the ocean, they provide a crucia ... and commonly reside in the epipelagic zone of the ocean. Genera '' Bathyspadella'' Tokioka, 1939Tokioka, T. (1939). Three new chaetognaths from Japanese waters. ''Memoirs of the Imperial Marine Observatory'', 7, 129–139. '' Calispadella'' Casanova & Moreau, 2005Casanova, J. Moreau, X. (2005). ''Calispadella alata'' n. gen., n. sp., the first chaetognath recorded from a hydrothermal vent site (Mid-Atlantic Ridge). ''Journal of Plankton Research'', 27(2), 221–225. '' Hemispadella'' Casanova, 1996Casanova, J. (1996). A new genus and species of deep benthic chaetognath from the Atlantic: a probable link between the families Heterok ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]

	Paraspadella ''Paraspadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae Spadellidae is a family of sagittoideans in the order Phragmophora. Spadellidae prey on plankton Plankton are the diverse collection of organisms found in water (or air) that are unable to propel themselves against a current (or wind). Th .... ''Paraspadella'' was originally considered as '' Spadella'' before a revision separated that genus into three genera: ''Spadella'', ''Paraspadella'', and ''Gephyrospadella'', the last of which is now synonymised to ''Paraspadella''. The initial division was based on previous knowledge of three groups of ''Spadella'', in a similar manner in which '' Sagitta'' was divided into a family of genera. ''Paraspadella'' is differentiated from ''Spadella'' by the presence of disparate (digital) adhesive organs, present in the former to various degrees, but entirely absent in the latter. Species '' Paraspadella anops'' Bowman & Bieri, 1989Bowman, T. & Bieri, R. (1989). '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Paraspadella Anops ''Paraspadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae Spadellidae is a family of sagittoideans in the order Phragmophora. Spadellidae prey on plankton Plankton are the diverse collection of organisms found in water (or air) that are unable to propel themselves against a current (or wind). Th .... ''Paraspadella'' was originally considered as '' Spadella'' before a revision separated that genus into three genera: ''Spadella'', ''Paraspadella'', and ''Gephyrospadella'', the last of which is now synonymised to ''Paraspadella''. The initial division was based on previous knowledge of three groups of ''Spadella'', in a similar manner in which '' Sagitta'' was divided into a family of genera. ''Paraspadella'' is differentiated from ''Spadella'' by the presence of disparate (digital) adhesive organs, present in the former to various degrees, but entirely absent in the latter. Species '' Paraspadella anops'' Bowman & Bieri, 1989Bowman, T. & Bieri, R. (1989). '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Paraspadella Caecafea ''Paraspadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae. ''Paraspadella'' was originally considered as '' Spadella'' before a revision separated that genus into three genera: ''Spadella'', ''Paraspadella'', and ''Gephyrospadella'', the last of which is now synonymised to ''Paraspadella''. The initial division was based on previous knowledge of three groups of ''Spadella'', in a similar manner in which '' Sagitta'' was divided into a family of genera. ''Paraspadella'' is differentiated from ''Spadella'' by the presence of disparate (digital) adhesive organs, present in the former to various degrees, but entirely absent in the latter. Species ''Paraspadella anops ''Paraspadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae Spadellidae is a family of sagittoideans in the order Phragmophora. Spadellidae prey on plankton Plankton are the diverse collection of organisms found in water (or ...'' Bowman & Bieri, 1989Bowman, T. & Bieri, R. (1989). ''P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Paraspadella Gotoi ''Paraspadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae. ''Paraspadella'' was originally considered as '' Spadella'' before a revision separated that genus into three genera: ''Spadella'', ''Paraspadella'', and ''Gephyrospadella'', the last of which is now synonymised to ''Paraspadella''. The initial division was based on previous knowledge of three groups of ''Spadella'', in a similar manner in which '' Sagitta'' was divided into a family of genera. ''Paraspadella'' is differentiated from ''Spadella'' by the presence of disparate (digital) adhesive organs, present in the former to various degrees, but entirely absent in the latter. Species ''Paraspadella anops'' Bowman & Bieri, 1989Bowman, T. & Bieri, R. (1989). ''Paraspadella anops'', new species, from Sagittarius Cave, Grand Bahama Island, the second troglobitic chaetognath. ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 102(3), 586–589. ''Paraspadella caecafea ''Paraspadella'' is a genus of chaet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Paraspadella Johnstoni ''Paraspadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae. ''Paraspadella'' was originally considered as '' Spadella'' before a revision separated that genus into three genera: ''Spadella'', ''Paraspadella'', and ''Gephyrospadella'', the last of which is now synonymised to ''Paraspadella''. The initial division was based on previous knowledge of three groups of ''Spadella'', in a similar manner in which '' Sagitta'' was divided into a family of genera. ''Paraspadella'' is differentiated from ''Spadella'' by the presence of disparate (digital) adhesive organs, present in the former to various degrees, but entirely absent in the latter. Species ''Paraspadella anops'' Bowman & Bieri, 1989Bowman, T. & Bieri, R. (1989). ''Paraspadella anops'', new species, from Sagittarius Cave, Grand Bahama Island, the second troglobitic chaetognath. ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 102(3), 586–589. ''Paraspadella caecafea'' (von Salvini-Plawen, 1986) ''Paraspa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Paraspadella Legazpichessi ''Paraspadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae. ''Paraspadella'' was originally considered as '' Spadella'' before a revision separated that genus into three genera: ''Spadella'', ''Paraspadella'', and ''Gephyrospadella'', the last of which is now synonymised to ''Paraspadella''. The initial division was based on previous knowledge of three groups of ''Spadella'', in a similar manner in which '' Sagitta'' was divided into a family of genera. ''Paraspadella'' is differentiated from ''Spadella'' by the presence of disparate (digital) adhesive organs, present in the former to various degrees, but entirely absent in the latter. Species ''Paraspadella anops'' Bowman & Bieri, 1989Bowman, T. & Bieri, R. (1989). ''Paraspadella anops'', new species, from Sagittarius Cave, Grand Bahama Island, the second troglobitic chaetognath. ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 102(3), 586–589. ''Paraspadella caecafea'' (von Salvini-Plawen, 1986) ''Paraspa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Paraspadella Nana ''Paraspadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae. ''Paraspadella'' was originally considered as '' Spadella'' before a revision separated that genus into three genera: ''Spadella'', ''Paraspadella'', and ''Gephyrospadella'', the last of which is now synonymised to ''Paraspadella''. The initial division was based on previous knowledge of three groups of ''Spadella'', in a similar manner in which '' Sagitta'' was divided into a family of genera. ''Paraspadella'' is differentiated from ''Spadella'' by the presence of disparate (digital) adhesive organs, present in the former to various degrees, but entirely absent in the latter. Species ''Paraspadella anops'' Bowman & Bieri, 1989Bowman, T. & Bieri, R. (1989). ''Paraspadella anops'', new species, from Sagittarius Cave, Grand Bahama Island, the second troglobitic chaetognath. ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 102(3), 586–589. ''Paraspadella caecafea'' (von Salvini-Plawen, 1986) ''Paraspa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Paraspadella Pimukatharos ''Paraspadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae. ''Paraspadella'' was originally considered as '' Spadella'' before a revision separated that genus into three genera: ''Spadella'', ''Paraspadella'', and ''Gephyrospadella'', the last of which is now synonymised to ''Paraspadella''. The initial division was based on previous knowledge of three groups of ''Spadella'', in a similar manner in which '' Sagitta'' was divided into a family of genera. ''Paraspadella'' is differentiated from ''Spadella'' by the presence of disparate (digital) adhesive organs, present in the former to various degrees, but entirely absent in the latter. Species ''Paraspadella anops'' Bowman & Bieri, 1989Bowman, T. & Bieri, R. (1989). ''Paraspadella anops'', new species, from Sagittarius Cave, Grand Bahama Island, the second troglobitic chaetognath. ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 102(3), 586–589. ''Paraspadella caecafea'' (von Salvini-Plawen, 1986) ''Paraspa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Paraspadella Pulchella ''Paraspadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae. ''Paraspadella'' was originally considered as '' Spadella'' before a revision separated that genus into three genera: ''Spadella'', ''Paraspadella'', and ''Gephyrospadella'', the last of which is now synonymised to ''Paraspadella''. The initial division was based on previous knowledge of three groups of ''Spadella'', in a similar manner in which '' Sagitta'' was divided into a family of genera. ''Paraspadella'' is differentiated from ''Spadella'' by the presence of disparate (digital) adhesive organs, present in the former to various degrees, but entirely absent in the latter. Species ''Paraspadella anops'' Bowman & Bieri, 1989Bowman, T. & Bieri, R. (1989). ''Paraspadella anops'', new species, from Sagittarius Cave, Grand Bahama Island, the second troglobitic chaetognath. ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 102(3), 586–589. ''Paraspadella caecafea'' (von Salvini-Plawen, 1986) ''Paraspa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Paraspadella Schizoptera ''Paraspadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae. ''Paraspadella'' was originally considered as '' Spadella'' before a revision separated that genus into three genera: ''Spadella'', ''Paraspadella'', and ''Gephyrospadella'', the last of which is now synonymised to ''Paraspadella''. The initial division was based on previous knowledge of three groups of ''Spadella'', in a similar manner in which '' Sagitta'' was divided into a family of genera. ''Paraspadella'' is differentiated from ''Spadella'' by the presence of disparate (digital) adhesive organs, present in the former to various degrees, but entirely absent in the latter. Species ''Paraspadella anops'' Bowman & Bieri, 1989Bowman, T. & Bieri, R. (1989). ''Paraspadella anops'', new species, from Sagittarius Cave, Grand Bahama Island, the second troglobitic chaetognath. ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 102(3), 586–589. ''Paraspadella caecafea'' (von Salvini-Plawen, 1986) ''Paraspa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Paraspadella Sheardi ''Paraspadella'' is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae. ''Paraspadella'' was originally considered as '' Spadella'' before a revision separated that genus into three genera: ''Spadella'', ''Paraspadella'', and ''Gephyrospadella'', the last of which is now synonymised to ''Paraspadella''. The initial division was based on previous knowledge of three groups of ''Spadella'', in a similar manner in which '' Sagitta'' was divided into a family of genera. ''Paraspadella'' is differentiated from ''Spadella'' by the presence of disparate (digital) adhesive organs, present in the former to various degrees, but entirely absent in the latter. Species ''Paraspadella anops'' Bowman & Bieri, 1989Bowman, T. & Bieri, R. (1989). ''Paraspadella anops'', new species, from Sagittarius Cave, Grand Bahama Island, the second troglobitic chaetognath. ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 102(3), 586–589. ''Paraspadella caecafea'' (von Salvini-Plawen, 1986) ''Paraspa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Chaetognatha The Chaetognatha or chaetognaths (meaning ''bristle-jaws'') are a phylum of predatory marine worms that are a major component of plankton worldwide. Commonly known as arrow worms, about 20% of the known Chaetognatha species are benthic, and can attach to algae and rocks. They are found in all marine waters, from surface tropical waters and shallow tide pools to the deep sea and polar regions. Most chaetognaths are transparent and are torpedo shaped, but some deep-sea species are orange. They range in size from . There are more than 120 modern species assigned to over 20 genera. Despite the limited diversity of species, the number of individuals is large. Arrow worms are usually considered a type of protostome that do not belong to either Ecdysozoa or Lophotrochozoa. Anatomy Chaetognaths are transparent or translucent dart-shaped animals covered by a cuticle. The body is divided into a distinct head, trunk, and tail. There are between four and fourteen hooked, grasping spines ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Spadellidae Spadellidae is a family of sagittoideans in the order Phragmophora. Spadellidae prey on plankton Plankton are the diverse collection of organisms found in water (or air) that are unable to propel themselves against a current (or wind). The individual organisms constituting plankton are called plankters. In the ocean, they provide a crucia ... and commonly reside in the epipelagic zone of the ocean. Genera '' Bathyspadella'' Tokioka, 1939Tokioka, T. (1939). Three new chaetognaths from Japanese waters. ''Memoirs of the Imperial Marine Observatory'', 7, 129–139. '' Calispadella'' Casanova & Moreau, 2005Casanova, J. Moreau, X. (2005). ''Calispadella alata'' n. gen., n. sp., the first chaetognath recorded from a hydrothermal vent site (Mid-Atlantic Ridge). ''Journal of Plankton Research'', 27(2), 221–225. '' Hemispadella'' Casanova, 1996Casanova, J. (1996). A new genus and species of deep benthic chaetognath from the Atlantic: a probable link between the families Heterok ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]