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Soviet Submarine L-4
The World War II Soviet submarine ''L-4'' belonged to the L class or of minelayer submarines. She had been named ''Garibaldets'' in honour of the men of Garibaldi. During the war she was commanded by Evgeniy Petrovich Polyakov (russian: Евгений Петрович Поляков). Service history For her service, the submarine was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. Among her victories was the torpedoing of the German tanker ''Friederike'' (formerly ''Firuz''), whose loss prevented her use during the Axis evacuation of Crimea during the Crimean Offensive. In 1944 ''Michman'' Ivan Perov was awarded Hero of the Soviet Union The title Hero of the Soviet Union (russian: Герой Советского Союза, translit=Geroy Sovietskogo Soyuza) was the highest distinction in the Soviet Union, awarded together with the Order of Lenin personally or collectively for .... Mines from ''L-4'' also damaged the German barge ''F-130''. During an artillery duel she damaged ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
L-4 Garibaldiec
L4 or L-4 may refer to : Transportation * SP&S Class L-4, an 1884 steam locomotives class * USS ''L-4'' (SS-43), a 1915 United States Navy L-class submarine * HMS ''L4'', a 1918 British L class submarine * Lawson L-4, a 1924 American unflown biplane airliner * Piper Cub (U.S. military designation: L-4), an aircraft * Inline-four engine (L4), a type of inline internal combustion four cylinder engine ** Liberty L-4, a World War I four-cylinder, water-cooled, inline, aero-engine * Lynx Aviation (IATA code) * L4 (New York City bus), a temporary bus route in New York City * Chaika L-4, a Russian twin-engined amphibious aircraft * Soviet submarine L-4 Science and technology * L4 microkernel family, a family of operating system kernels *L4, the transport layer in the OSI model of computer communications * L4, the fourth Lagrangian point in an astronomical orbital configuration * L4, an Lp space for p=4 (sometimes called Lebesgue spaces) * L-4, the fourth iteration of L-carrier, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Axis Powers
The Axis powers, ; it, Potenze dell'Asse ; ja, 枢軸国 ''Sūjikukoku'', group=nb originally called the Rome–Berlin Axis, was a military coalition that initiated World War II and fought against the Allies. Its principal members were Nazi Germany, the Kingdom of Italy, and the Empire of Japan. The Axis were united in their opposition to the Allies, but otherwise lacked comparable coordination and ideological cohesion. The Axis grew out of successive diplomatic efforts by Germany, Italy, and Japan to secure their own specific expansionist interests in the mid-1930s. The first step was the protocol signed by Germany and Italy in October 1936, after which Italian leader Benito Mussolini declared that all other European countries would thereafter rotate on the Rome–Berlin axis, thus creating the term "Axis". The following November saw the ratification of the Anti-Comintern Pact, an anti-communist treaty between Germany and Japan; Italy joined the Pact in 1937, follow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ships Built In The Soviet Union
A ship is a large watercraft that travels the world's oceans and other sufficiently deep waterways, carrying cargo or passengers, or in support of specialized missions, such as defense, research, and fishing. Ships are generally distinguished from boats, based on size, shape, load capacity, and purpose. Ships have supported exploration, trade, warfare, migration, colonization, and science. After the 15th century, new crops that had come from and to the Americas via the European seafarers significantly contributed to world population growth. Ship transport is responsible for the largest portion of world commerce. The word ''ship'' has meant, depending on the era and the context, either just a large vessel or specifically a ship-rigged sailing ship with three or more masts, each of which is square-rigged. As of 2016, there were more than 49,000 merchant ships, totaling almost 1.8 billion dead weight tons. Of these 28% were oil tankers, 43% were bulk carriers, and 13% were cont ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1931 Ships
Events January * January 2 – South Dakota native Ernest Lawrence invents the cyclotron, used to accelerate particles to study nuclear physics. * January 4 – German pilot Elly Beinhorn begins her flight to Africa. * January 22 – Sir Isaac Isaacs is sworn in as the first Australian-born Governor-General of Australia. * January 25 – Mohandas Gandhi is again released from imprisonment in India. * January 27 – Pierre Laval forms a government in France. February * February 4 – Soviet leader Joseph Stalin gives a speech calling for rapid industrialization, arguing that only strong industrialized countries will win wars, while "weak" nations are "beaten". Stalin states: "We are fifty or a hundred years behind the advanced countries. We must make good this distance in ten years. Either we do it, or they will crush us." The first five-year plan in the Soviet Union is intensified, for the industrialization and collectivization of agriculture. * February 10 – Official ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SS Santa Fé (1921)
SS ''Santa Fé'' was a German Reefer ship, refrigerated cargo steamship. She is now a Black Sea shipwreck and part of her cargo is of interest to Maritime archaeology, marine archaeologists. The ship was launched in 1921 as ''Steigerwald'', named after the Steigerwald forest in Franconia. Her name was changed to ''Santa Fé'' when she changed owners in 1937. In 1939 the French Navy captured her and the French Third Republic, French Government renamed her ''Saint André''. In 1940 or 1942 Nazi Germany, Germany repossessed the ship and restored her name to ''Santa Fé''. In 1943 a Soviet submarine sank her off the coast of Crimea, killing 44 of her crew. ''Santa Fé''s cargo included 14 Wehrmacht armoured vehicles. Since 2002 divers and salvagers have recovered the remains of three German assault guns from her wreck, and at least one of them has been restored to working order. Building In 1920–21 Deutsche Werft in Finkenwerder, Hamburg built a pair of refrigerated cargo steams ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hero Of The Soviet Union
The title Hero of the Soviet Union (russian: Герой Советского Союза, translit=Geroy Sovietskogo Soyuza) was the highest distinction in the Soviet Union, awarded together with the Order of Lenin personally or collectively for heroic feats in service to the Soviet state and society. Overview The award was established on 16 April 1934, by the Central Executive Committee of the Soviet Union. The first recipients of the title originally received only the Order of Lenin, the highest Soviet award, along with a certificate (грамота, ''gramota'') describing the heroic deed from the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. Because the Order of Lenin could be awarded for deeds not qualifying for the title of hero, and to distinguish heroes from other Order of Lenin holders, the Gold Star medal was introduced on 1 August 1939. Earlier heroes were retroactively eligible for these items. A hero could be awarded the title again for a subsequent heroic feat with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivan Perov
Ivan Stepanovich Perov (russian: Ива́н Степа́нович Перо́в; 6 October 1910 – 26 January 1989) was a ''michman'' of the Soviet Navy, bos'n-signalman of the Soviet submarine L-4 during the Second World War. He also served at some other ships. On 22 July 1944 he was awarded Hero of the Soviet Union for his courage and heroism. He was also awarded several other orders and medals. The village of Perove was named after him. (The History of the Village Names: Perovo) (retrieved April 26, 2015) A was mounted on the house where he lived in |
Michman
( rus, мичман, p=ˈmʲit͡ɕmən, ) is a rank used by the Russian Navy and a number of former communist states. The rank is a non-commissioned officer's and is equivalent to in armies and air forces. Within NATO forces, the rank is rated as OR-8 and is equivalent to Warrant officer class 2 or Senior chief petty officer in English speaking navies. Russia While the rank is etymologically borrowed from the English rank midshipman, is a very senior and experienced enlisted rank, equivalent to a master chief petty officer or warrant officer, while midshipman is a cadet in training or a very junior officer rank, which, being an officer, is technically higher in rank than any enlisted rank, despite a midshipman's very junior status. Imperial Russia was originally an Ober-ofizer rank, in line to the Table of Ranks class XII/XIII in the Imperial Russian Navy equivalent to of the Imperial Russian Army and classified as junior officer rank. The rank was abolished in 1917 b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crimean Offensive
The Crimean offensive (8 April – 12 May 1944), known in German sources as the Battle of the Crimea, was a series of offensives by the Red Army directed at the German-held Crimea. The Red Army's 4th Ukrainian Front engaged the German 17th Army of Army Group A, which consisted of Wehrmacht and Romanian formations. The battles ended with the evacuation of the Crimea by the Germans. German and Romanian forces suffered considerable losses during the evacuation. Prelude The Germans took control of the Crimean Peninsula after the Crimean Campaign in 1942. Kerch-Eltigen operation During late 1943 and early 1944, the Wehrmacht was pressed back along its entire front line in the east. In October 1943, the 17th Army withdrew from the Kuban bridgehead across the Kerch Strait into the Crimea. During the following months, the Red Army pushed back the Wehrmacht in southern Ukraine, eventually cutting off the land-based connection of 17th Army through the Perekop Isthmus in November 1943. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crimea
Crimea, crh, Къырым, Qırım, grc, Κιμμερία / Ταυρική, translit=Kimmería / Taurikḗ ( ) is a peninsula in Ukraine, on the northern coast of the Black Sea, that has been occupied by Russia since 2014. It has a population of 2.4 million. The peninsula is almost entirely surrounded by the Black Sea and the smaller Sea of Azov. The Isthmus of Perekop connects the peninsula to Kherson Oblast in mainland Ukraine. To the east, the Crimean Bridge, constructed in 2018, spans the Strait of Kerch, linking the peninsula with Krasnodar Krai in Russia. The Arabat Spit, located to the northeast, is a narrow strip of land that separates the Sivash lagoons from the Sea of Azov. Across the Black Sea to the west lies Romania and to the south is Turkey. Crimea (called the Tauric Peninsula until the early modern period) has historically been at the boundary between the classical world and the steppe. Greeks colonized its southern fringe and were absorbed by the Ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of The Red Banner
The Order of the Red Banner (russian: Орден Красного Знамени, Orden Krasnogo Znameni) was the first Soviet military decoration. The Order was established on 16 September 1918, during the Russian Civil War by decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee. It was the highest award of Soviet Russia, subsequently the Soviet Union, until the Order of Lenin was established in 1930. Recipients were recognised for extraordinary heroism, dedication, and courage demonstrated on the battlefield. The Order was awarded to individuals as well as to military units, cities, ships, political and social organizations, and state enterprises. In later years, it was also awarded on the twentieth and again on the thirtieth anniversary of military, police, or state security service without requiring participation in combat (the "Long Service Award" variant). Award history The Russian Order of the Red Banner was established during the Russian Civil War by decree of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
