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Southern Front Counteroffensive
The August counter-offensive of the Southern Front (14 August – 12 September 1919) was an offensive during the Russian Civil War by the troops of the Southern Front of the Red Army against the White Guard troops of Anton Denikin. Combat operations were conducted by two offensive groups, the main blow was aimed towards the Don region. The troops of the Red Army were unable to carry out the assigned task, but their actions delayed the subsequent offensive of Denikin's army. Prelude On 3 July 1919, Anton Denikin issued a directive for an offensive against Moscow, planning to inflict the main blow by the Volunteer Army through Kursk, Orel, and Tula. Red Army troops conducted defensive battles on a front of some long and by the beginning of August were able to stop the advance of the Whites at Novoukrainka, Romodan, Oboyan, Liski, Borisoglebsk, north Kamyshin, Vladimirovka and Chyorny Yar. After this, the Red troops began to prepare to launch a counter-offensive. Accordi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southern Front Of The Russian Civil War
The Southern Front of the Russian Civil War was a theatre of the Russian Civil War. Don revolts and formation of the Volunteer Army In the aftermath of the October Revolution, politicians and army officers hostile to the Bolsheviks gravitated to the Don Cossack Host after its ataman, General Aleksey Kaledin, publicly offered sanctuary to opponents of the Soviet regime. Among those seeking refuge in the Don was the former chief of staff of the tsarist army, General Mikhail Alekseyev, who immediately began organizing a military unit to oppose both the Bolsheviks and the Central Powers. Alekseyev was soon joined by other prominent tsarist generals, including the charismatic Lavr Kornilov. The two men, along with Kaledin, assumed top roles in the anticommunist White movement taking shape in the Don region during the winter of 1917 – 18. Militarily, the White forces remained weak into the spring of 1918. The ranks of the Volunteer Army formed by Alekseyev and Kornilov never ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter Kenez
Peter Kenez (born as Péter Kenéz in 1937) is a historian specializing in Russian and Eastern European history and politics. Life Peter Kenez was born and grew up in Pesterzsébet, Budapest, Kingdom of Hungary . His father was arrested in March 1944 after Operation Margarethe and deported to the Auschwitz concentration camp and killed. His mother fled to Budapest with him, where they survived the persecution of the Jews by the Eichmann-Kommando and the Arrow Cross Party. After the Hungarian uprising of 1956 he fled to the US. He received his PhD from Harvard University under the advisor Richard Pipes. He has taught at the University of California, Santa Cruz since 1966, where he is currently Professor Emeritus. He also teaches courses on Soviet cinema and an interdisciplinary course on the Holocaust with literature professor Murray Baumgarten. Books *''The Coming of the Holocaust: From Antisemitism to Genocide'', Cambridge University Press, 2013. *''Hungary from the Nazis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Semyon Budyonny
Semyon Mikhailovich Budyonnyy ( rus, Семён Миха́йлович Будённый, Semyon Mikháylovich Budyonnyy, p=sʲɪˈmʲɵn mʲɪˈxajləvʲɪdʑ bʊˈdʲɵnːɨj, a=ru-Simeon Budyonniy.ogg; – 26 October 1973) was a Russian cavalryman, military commander during the Russian Civil War, Polish-Soviet War and World War II, and politician, who was a close political ally of Soviet leader Joseph Stalin. Born to a poor peasant family from the Don Cossack region in southern Russia, Budyonny was drafted into the Imperial Russian Army in 1903. He served with distinction in a dragoon regiment during the First World War, earning all four classes of the Cross of St. George. When the Russian Civil War broke out Budyonny founded the Red Cavalry, which played an important role in the Bolshevik victory; Budyonny became renowned for his bravery and was the subject of several popular patriotic songs. As a political ally of Joseph Stalin, he became one of the original five Marsha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
10th Army (RSFSR)
The 10th Army was a field army of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War which existed from October 3 1918 until July 1920. It was formed from the troops operating in the area of Tsaritsyn and Kamyshin. On May 4, 1920 it was renamed the 10th Terek Army. It was dissolved in July 1920. It was part of the Southern Front, the South-Eastern Front (from October 1, 1919) and the Caucasian Front (since January 16, 1920). History In October 1918 - January 1919, the Army fought defensive battles against the Don White Cossacks near Tsaritsyn, opposing the offensive of the Don Army under General Pyotr Krasnov. Since mid-February 1919, it participated in the 1918-1919 Counteroffensive of the Southern Front, during which it defeated the Voronezh group of the Don Army in cooperation with the 9th Red Army. This forced the Tsaritsyn group of the Don Army to hastily retreat behind the Manych River. Since May 1919, the 10th Army was attacked by numerically superior forces of the Caucasian A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
9th Army (RSFSR)
The 9th Army was a field army of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War which existed from October 3, 1918 until June 22, 1921. History The Ninth Army was created on October 3, 1918, from the Povorinsky and Balashovo-Kamyshin sectors of the Southern Front. It was part of: the Southern Front until October 1, 1919, South-Eastern Front until January 16, 1920, the Caucasian Front until May 29, 1921 and then the North Caucasian Military District. On May 4, 1920, the 9th Army was renamed the 9th Kuban Army. In October-December 1918, the 9th Army fought the Don Army of General Krasnov in the districts of Povorino, Elan and Balashov. In January - March 1919 it participated in the Offensive of the Southern Front and occupied Borisoglebsk and Novokhopersk. From March, it suppressed the Vyoshenskaya Uprising in its rear and conducted defensive battles against Denikin's troops in the Donbass. The 9th Army was part of the Special Group of Vasilii Shorin (July 23 - September 30 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vasily Shorin
Vasily Ivanovich Shorin (russian: Василий Иванович Шорин; 26 December 1870 January 1871 Kalyazin ''–'' 29 June 1938, Leningrad) was a Soviet military commander, who commanded several military units of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War. Biography He graduated from the Kazan infantry school of the Junkers in 1892. In the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905 he commanded a company, and a battalion at the start of World War I. By June 1916, he was Colonel of the 333rd Infantry Glazovsky Regiment. After the October Revolution, he took the side of the Soviet government. He was elected by the soldiers as commander of the 26th Infantry Division. In September 1918, he was appointed commander of the Second Army of the Eastern Front. Shorin successfully reorganized the army and directed her actions in the Izhevsk-Votkinsk operation in 1918 during the spring offensive of Admiral Kolchak's troops. Since May 1919 he was the commander of the Northern Group of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rostov-on-Don
Rostov-on-Don ( rus, Ростов-на-Дону, r=Rostov-na-Donu, p=rɐˈstof nə dɐˈnu) is a port city and the administrative centre of Rostov Oblast and the Southern Federal District of Russia. It lies in the southeastern part of the East European Plain on the Don River (Russia), Don River, from the Sea of Azov, directly north of the North Caucasus. The southwestern suburbs of the city lie above the Don river delta. Rostov-on-Don has a population of over one million people, and is an important cultural centre of Southern Russia. History Early history From ancient times, the area around the mouth of the Don River has held cultural and commercial importance. Ancient indigenous inhabitants included the Scythians, Scythian and Sarmatians, Sarmatian tribes. It was the site of Tanais, colonies in antiquity, an ancient Greek colony, Gazaria (Genoese colonies), Fort Tana under the Genoa, Genoese, and Azov#Fortress of Azov, Fort Azak in the time of the Ottoman Empire. In 1749, a c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Novocherkassk
Novocherkassk (russian: Новочерка́сск, lit. ''New Cherkassk'') is a city in Rostov Oblast, Russia, located near the confluence of the Tuzlov and Aksay Rivers, the latter a distributary of the Don River. Novocherkassk is best known as the cultural capital of the Cossacks, and as the official capital of the Don Cossacks. Population: 168,746 ( 2010 Census); 170,822 ( 2002 Census); 178,000 (1974); 95,453 (1959); 75,917 (1939); 51,963 (1897). History Imperial era Foundation Although the first settlement in the region was founded by Temroqwa Idar,Khasht, Ali. ''Circassian Prince Temroqwa Idar.'' the city of Novocherkassk was founded in 1805 by Lieutenant-general Matvei Platov, the Ataman of the Don Cossacks, as the administrative center of the Don Host Oblast. It was established in reaction to the original administrative center, the ''stanitsa'' of Cherkassk, being deemed unsuitable as the capital for the Don Cossacks for several reasons. Cherkassk was repeatedly flooded ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladimir May-Mayevsky
Vladimir Zenonovich May-Mayevsky KCMG (; – 30 November 1920) was a general in the Imperial Russian Army and one of the leaders of the counterrevolutionary White movement during the Russian Civil War. Biography According to Peter Kenez, V. Z. Mai-Maevskii was a complex figure. He lived a dissolute life and his orgies brought ill-repute to the cause which he served. In territories under his control, terror and lawlessmess reigned. His soldiers called him Kutuzov, not because of his style of leadership, but because of his appearance: he was fat and flabby and wore a pince-nez. He did not at all look like a soldier. Nevertheless, he was one of the ablest White military leaders." May-Mayevsky was born in 1867 to a family of minor gentry in Saint Petersburg. He entered military service in 1885, graduating from the Nikolaev Engineering Institute in 1888, now Military engineering-technical university (Russian Военный инженерно-технический универ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pyotr Wrangel
Baron Pyotr Nikolayevich Wrangel (russian: Пётр Никола́евич барон Вра́нгель, translit=Pëtr Nikoláevič Vrángel', p=ˈvranɡʲɪlʲ, german: Freiherr Peter Nikolaus von Wrangel; April 25, 1928), also known by his nickname the Black Baron, was a Russian officer of Baltic German origin in the Imperial Russian Army. During the later stages of the Russian Civil War, he was commanding general of the anti-Bolshevik White Army in Southern Russia. After his side lost the civil war in 1920, he left Russia. He was known as one of the most prominent exiled White émigrés and military dictator of South Russia (as commander in chief). Family Wrangel was born in Novalexandrovsk, Kovno Governorate in the Russian Empire (now Zarasai, Lithuania) as the son of Baron (1847–1923) and Maria Dimitrievna Demetieva-Maikova (1856–1944). The Baltic German noble Wrangel family was part of the Uradel (old nobility), the family was of German origin, appearing in the old " ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caucasus Army Of VSUR
The Caucasus Army (russian: Кавка́зская а́рмия), was a Russian army which was a part of the White movement during the Russian Civil War. It operated from May 1919 to January 1920, in the Tsaritsyn - Saratov area. History On 23 January 1919, the Volunteer Army was renamed ''Volunteer Army of the Caucasus''. And on 22 May 1919, the ''Volunteer Army of the Caucasus'' was divided in two armies: The Caucasus Army, which advanced along the Tsaritsyn- Saratov line and the ''Volunteer Army'', which advanced along the Kursk- Oryol line. The Caucasus Army was composed of 4 corps and 1 cavalry division: * 1st Kuban Corps (Gen. Pokrovsky) * 2nd Kuban Corps (Gen. Ulaguy, later Gen. Nahumenko) * 4th Corps (Gen. Shatilov, later Gen. Toporkov) * 5th Corps (Gen. Józefovic) On 5 July 1919, the Caucasus Army had 23.234 men, but 3 months later it only counted 15.079 men after the transfer of the 2nd Corps to the Don Army; along with 384 machineguns, 85 pieces of artillery, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladimir Sidorin
Vladimir Ilyich Sidorin (russian: Владимир Ильич Сидорин; 3 February 1882 − 20 May 1943) was an officer in the Russian Imperial Army and Commander of the Don Army between February 1919 and April 1920 during the Russian Civil War. Biography He was born in the village of Esaulovskaya in the 2nd Don district of the Don Cossack Region. His father was Ilya Sidorin, an officer of the Don Army and his uncle was General Leonty Sidorin, shot by the Bolsheviks in February 1918. Vladimir Sidorin participated in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904−1905. From 26 November 1912 to 1914 he was senior adjutant of the headquarters of the 3rd Caucasus Army Corps. During the First World War, he first served as an officer at the headquarters of the 21st Infantry Division. In 1915 he became Chief of staff of the 2nd militia division, and from 12 July of the 102nd Infantry Division. He was Deputy Chief of Staff of the Second Army from March 1916 to March 1917 and Chief of Staff ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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